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False Indicators To Acoustic To Seismic Buried Landmine Detection
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Book Synopsis False Indicators to Acoustic-To-Seismic Buried Landmine Detection by :
Download or read book False Indicators to Acoustic-To-Seismic Buried Landmine Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proliferation of relatively cheap landmines in many of the world's conflicts has led to a critical situation. Most methods of locating landmines trigger on too many false alarms must each be investigated before declaring an area to be clear of mines. This led to the need for an accurate means of detection coupled with a low false alarm rate. The University of Mississippi has developed an acoustic/seismic technique to meet this need. In 2002, the Office of Naval Research issued Grant N00014-02-1-0878 to conduct research to better understand the causes of false alarms using this method and to develop methods to significantly reduce them. This report discusses the significant research advances including a clearer understanding of the phenomenology underlying the technology, development of models, and signal processing techniques to reduce false alarms.
Book Synopsis 2003 Assessment of the Office of Naval Research's Marine Corps Science and Technology Program by : National Research Council
Download or read book 2003 Assessment of the Office of Naval Research's Marine Corps Science and Technology Program written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-04-01 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Office of Naval Research (ONR) funds research across a broad range of scientific and engineering disciplines in support of the Navy and Marine Corps. To ensure that its investments are serving those ends and are of high quality, ONR requires each of its departments to undergo annual review. Since 1999, the Naval Expeditionary Warfare Department of ONR has requested that the NRC conduct these reviews. This report presents the results of the second review of the Marine Corps Science and Technology program. The first review was conducted in 2000. The 2003 assessment examines the overall Marine Corps S&T program, the littoral combat future naval capability, the core thrusts of the program, and basic research activities.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Acoustic Techniques for Land Mine Detection by :
Download or read book Nonlinear Acoustic Techniques for Land Mine Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When airborne sound couples into the ground seismic waves can interact with a target buried in the soil and effect the vibration velocity of the surface. Acoustic-to-seismic coupling (using linear acoustic techniques) has proven to be an extremely accurate technology for locating buried land mines [J.M. Sabatier and N. Xiang, IEEE Trans. Geoscience and Remote Sensing 39, 1146-1154 (2001)] . Donskoy [SPIE Proceedings 3392, 211-217 (1998); 3710, 239-246 (1999)] has suggested a nonlinear technique that can detect an acoustically compliant buried mine that is insensitive to relatively noncompliant targets. (Utilizing both techniques could eliminate certain types of false alarms.) Airborne sound at two primary frequencies f1 and f2 undergo acoustic-to-seismic coupling and a superimposed seismic wave interacts with the compliant mine and soil to generate a difference frequency component that can effect the vibration velocity at the surface. Geophone measurements scanning the soil's surface at the difference frequency (chosen at a resonance) profile the mine with more relative sensitivity than the linear profiles - but off the mine some nonlinearity exists. Amplitude dependent frequency response curves for a harmonically driven mass-soil oscillator are used to find the nonlinearity of the soil acting as a "soft" spring. Donskoy's nonlinear mechanism (over the mine) involves a simple model of the top surface of the mine-soil planar surface separating two elastic surfaces. During the compression phase of the wave, the surfaces stay together and then separate under the tensile phase due to a relatively high compliance of the mine. This "bouncing" soil-mine interface is thought to be a bi-modular oscillator that is inherently nonlinear.
Book Synopsis A Mathematical Model for the Acoustic and Seismic Properties of the Landmine Detection Problem by : Michelle Beatrice Mattingly
Download or read book A Mathematical Model for the Acoustic and Seismic Properties of the Landmine Detection Problem written by Michelle Beatrice Mattingly and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Acoustic Landmine Detection by : Sean Andrew Genis
Download or read book Nonlinear Acoustic Landmine Detection written by Sean Andrew Genis and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acoustic-to-seismic (A/S) coupling involving airborne sound is used to generate soil vibrations that interact with the top plate of a buried landmine. Due to scattering, the interaction at the soil-mine interface produces an enhanced and strongly nonlinear soil surface vibration directly over the buried landmine. Resonant tuning curves of the soil-mine system show that the nonlinear behavior observed near resonance for "on the mine" locations is considerably stronger that that seen "off the mine." This suggests that some false alarms due to the resonant effects of the ground's natural layering may be eliminated by comparing the frequency softening in resonant tuning curves between "off" and "on target" locations. Experiments with the soil-mass oscillator (SMO) apparatus show that the nonlinear acoustic landmine detection problem involves mesoscopic nanoscale nonlinear elastic behavior. Resonant tuning curves have linear backbones, a behavior also characteristic of certain geomaterials (sandstone). Elasto-slip (Iwan 1966) and LISA (Scalerandi et al 2002) models of hysteresis are used to explain this phenomenon. The soil-mine interface, which is modeled using a soil-plate oscillator (SPO) apparatus, is extremely nonlinear. The SPO is excited using both acoustic and electromagnetic means. A/S coupling experiments are employed to simultaneously measure vibrations at the underside of a buried clamped plate and the soil surface. Electrodynamic experiments determine the motional impedance of a combined soil-plate system. At large drive amplitudes, the backbone curves obtained from the SPO exhibit more complicated behavior, which is described using a bilinear hysteresis model (Caughey 1966). Nonlinear acoustic landmine detection experiments are performed in the anechoic chamber facility using both a buried acrylic drum-like mine simulant and a VS 1.6 plastic anti-tank landmine. Using an automated laser Doppler vibrometer, soil surface vibraions are profiled as a function of scan position. Elements of both the elasto-slip and bilinear hysteresis models appear in these experiments.
Download or read book Beheers de groei written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Acoustic Landmine Detection by :
Download or read book Advances in Acoustic Landmine Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phenomenon of the acoustic-to-seismic (A/S) coupling of airborne sound into the ground for buried anti-personnel and anti-tank landmine detection is well established [J.M. Sabatier and N. Xiang, IEEE Trans. on Geoscience & Remote Sensing, 39, pp 1146-1154 (2001); N. Xiang and J.M. Sabatier, J. Acoust. Soc. Am, 113, pp. 1333-1341 (2003)]. A sound source is used to insonify the ground surface. The airborne sound couples into the soil and excites the vibrational energy of the soil matrix. An anomaly in the vibrational energy occurs on the ground surface in a region very near a buried landmine. This anomaly can be detected with a vibration sensor. This paper will discuss vibration sensors that are currently being used to measure the vibrations due to the presence of a buried landmine. These instruments include a geophone, laser, ultrasonic and radar Doppler vibrometers, and a whole field optical sensor. The detection ability of fused sensors comprised of the A/S laser Doppler vibrometer based sensor and a ground penetrating synthetic aperture radar is also being investigated. Researchers at the University of Mississippi, Planning Systems Incorporated, and MetroLaser, Inc. are investigating all of the vibration sensors described above. This paper will present results of this research.
Book Synopsis Alternatives for Landmine Detection by : Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson
Download or read book Alternatives for Landmine Detection written by Jacqueline MacDonald Gibson and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the rate that government and nongovernmental organizations are clearing existing landmines, it will take 450-500 years to rid the world of them. Concerned about the slow pace of demining, the Office of Science and Technology asked RAND to assess potential innovative technologies being explored and to project what funding would be required to foster the development of the more promising ones. The authors of this report suggest that the federal government undertake a research and development effort to develop a multisensor mine detection system over the next five to eight years.
Download or read book Soil Magnetism written by Neli Jordanova and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-11-10 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil Magnetism: Applications in Pedology, Environmental Science and Agriculture provides a systematic, comparative, and detailed overview of the magnetic characterization of the major soil units and the observed general relationships, possibilities, and perspectives in application of rock magnetic methods in soil science, agriculture, and beyond. Part I covers detailed magnetic and geochemical characterization of major soil types according to the FAO classification system, with Part II covering the mapping of topsoil magnetic signatures on the basis of soil magnetic characteristics. The book concludes with practical examples on the application of magnetic methods in environmental science, agriculture, soil pollution, and paleoclimate. - Provides an overview of the major findings of uncontaminated soil profiles and proposes a system of magnetic characteristics - Elucidates the relationship between geochemical and magnetic characteristics of different soil types, providing a basis for wider recognition and application of soil magnetism in classical pedagogical characterization of soils - Covers the peculiarities of the main taxonomic soil groups in terms of magnetic mineralogy and depth variations in concentration, grain size, and phase composition of iron oxides
Book Synopsis Frontiers of Remote Sensing Information Processing by : C. H. Chen
Download or read book Frontiers of Remote Sensing Information Processing written by C. H. Chen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2003 with total page 629 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by leaders in the field of remote sensing information processing, this book covers the frontiers of remote sensors, especially with effective algorithms for signal/image processing and pattern recognition with remote sensing data. Sensor and data fusion issues, SAR images, hyperspectral images, and related special topics are also examined. Techniques making use of neural networks, wavelet transforms, and knowledge-based systems are emphasized. A special set of three chapters is devoted to seismic analysis and discrimination. In summary, the book provides an authoritative treatment of major topics in remote sensing information processing and defines new frontiers for these areas. Contents: Data Mining; SAR Image Processing; Wavelet Analysis and Applications; Military Applications of Remote Sensing; Microwave Remote Sensing; Statistical Pattern Recognition; Automatic Target Segmentation; Neural Networks; Change Detection; Seismic Signal Processing; Time Series Prediction; Image Compression; Emerging Topics. Readership: Engineers and scientists dealing with remote sensing data in particular, and signals and images in general; computer scientists involved in software development on geophysical data analysis.
Book Synopsis Mine/Countermine Operations by : Department of the Army
Download or read book Mine/Countermine Operations written by Department of the Army and published by Createspace Independent Pub. This book was released on 2013-06-08 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The guidance provided focuses on individual skills of emplacing and removing mines, team and squad tasks, platoon and company organization and panning, and battalion/task force organization and coordination for successful obstacle reduction and breaching operations.
Book Synopsis Seismic Data Analysis by : Özdoğan Yilmaz
Download or read book Seismic Data Analysis written by Özdoğan Yilmaz and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2001 with total page 2065 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanding the author's original work on processing to include inversion and interpretation, and including developments in all aspects of conventional processing, this two-volume set is a comprehensive and complete coverage of the modern trends in the seismic industry - from time to depth, from 3D to 4D, from 4D to 4C, and from isotropy to anisotropy.
Book Synopsis Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms by : United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff
Download or read book Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms written by United States. Joint Chiefs of Staff and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Near-Surface Applied Geophysics by : Mark E. Everett
Download or read book Near-Surface Applied Geophysics written by Mark E. Everett and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just a few meters below the Earth's surface lie features of great importance, from geological faults which can produce devastating earthquakes, to lost archaeological treasures. This refreshing, up-to-date book explores the foundations of interpretation theory and the latest developments in near-surface techniques, used to complement traditional geophysical methods for deep-exploration targets. Clear but rigorous, the book explains theory and practice in simple physical terms, supported by intermediate-level mathematics. Techniques covered include magnetics, resistivity, seismic reflection and refraction, surface waves, induced polarization, self-potential, electromagnetic induction, ground-penetrating radar, magnetic resonance, interferometry, seismoelectric and more. Sections on data analysis and inverse theory are provided and chapters are illustrated by case studies, giving students and professionals the tools to plan, conduct and analyze a near-surface geophysical survey. This is an important textbook for advanced-undergraduate and graduate students in geophysics and a valuable reference for practising geophysicists, geologists, hydrologists, archaeologists, and civil and geotechnical engineers.
Book Synopsis Wiring Vietnam by : Anthony J. Tambini
Download or read book Wiring Vietnam written by Anthony J. Tambini and published by Scarecrow Press. This book was released on 2007-05-30 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Vietnam War, the U.S. Army deployed electronic sensors along the Ho Chi Minh Trail in Laos, Cambodia, North Vietnam, and South Vietnam in order to detect and track troop and vehicle movements. At approximately 8,100 miles in length, monitoring this sophisticated logistics network_consisting of roads, trails, vehicle parks, petroleum pipelines, and storage areas_was no mean task. Since the work was classified as 'Secret' until only recently, a comprehensive story of the electronic sensors used in Southeast Asia has never been completely told. Wiring Vietnam: The Electronic Wall relates the history of the electronic detection system that was deployed during the Vietnam War. Author Anthony Tambini covers everything from the sensors used to detect seismic signals from nearby troop and vehicle movements to audio sensors that were deployed to pick up conversations of troops as well as traffic noise of vehicles to engine ignition detectors. Beginning with the conception, development, and implementation of these sensors, Tambini then relates how, ultimately, the various signals the sensors collected were transmitted to orbiting aircraft that would process and retransmit the signals onward to a base in Thailand. There the data underwent further analysis for possible targets that could be attacked from the air. Anthony Tambini, a member of the 25th Tactical Fighter Squadron based at Ubon, Thailand in the late 1960s, was part of an organization that dropped these sensors. His firsthand perspective, along with rarely seen photographs of the actual sensors used, will provide those interested in the Vietnam War and modern warfare with a clear picture of an undocumented side of history.
Download or read book Crude Existence written by Kristin Reed and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2009-11-15 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After decades of civil war and instability, the African country of Angola is experiencing a spectacular economic boom thanks to its most valuable natural resource: oil. Focusing on the everyday realities of people living in the extraction zones, Reed explores the exclusion, degradation, and violence that are the fruits of petrocapitalism in Angola.
Book Synopsis McWp 3-35.3 - Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (Mout) by : U. S. Marine Corps
Download or read book McWp 3-35.3 - Military Operations on Urbanized Terrain (Mout) written by U. S. Marine Corps and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2015-02-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual provides guidance for the organization, planning, and conduct of the full range of military operations on urbanized terrain. This publication was prepared primarily for commanders, staffs, and subordinate leaders down to the squad and fire team level. It is written from a Marine air-ground task force perspective, with emphasis on the ground combat element as the most likely supported element in that environment. It provides the level of detailed information that supports the complexities of planning, preparing for, and executing small-unit combat operations on urbanized terrain. It also provides historical and environmental information that supports planning and training for combat in built-up areas
