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Fabrication Of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Sers Substrates Made From Nanoparticle Printing Inks For Detection Of Biological Molecules
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Book Synopsis Fabrication of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Substrates Made from Nanoparticle Printing Inks for Detection of Biological Molecules by : Manuel Alejandro Figueroa
Book Synopsis Advanced Substrate Design for Label-free Detection of Trace Organic and Biological Molecules by : Zachary Allen Combs
Download or read book Advanced Substrate Design for Label-free Detection of Trace Organic and Biological Molecules written by Zachary Allen Combs and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To truly realize and exploit the extremely powerful information given from surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy, it is critical to develop an understanding of how to design highly sensitive and selective substrates, produce specific and label-free spectra of target analytes, and fabricate long-lasting and in-the-field ready platforms for trace detection applications. The study presented in this dissertation investigated the application of two- and three-dimensional substrates composed of highly-ordered metal nanostructures. These systems were designed to specifically detect target analytes that would enable the trace, label-free, and real-time detection of chemicals and biomolecules. Specifically, this work provides new insight into the required properties for maximizing electromagnetic and chemical Raman enhancement in three-dimensional porous alumina substrates by designing metal nanostructure shape, density, aggregated state, and most importantly aligning the substrate pore size with the excitation wavelength used for plasmonic enhancement leading to the ppb detection of vapor phase hazardous chemicals. A new micropatterned silver nanoparticle substrate fabricated via soft lithography with specific functionalization was developed, which allows the simultaneous analyte and background detection for trace concentrations of the target biomolecule, immunoglobulin G. Also, a novel functionalized SERS hot spot fabrication technique, which utilizes highly specific aptamers as both the mediator for electrostatic assembly of gold nanoframe dimers as well as the biorecognition element for the target, riboflavin, to properly locate the tethered biomolecule within the enhanced region for trace detection, was demonstrated. We suggest that the understanding of SERS phenomena that occur at the interface of nanostructures and target molecules combined with the active functionalization and organization of metal nanostructures and trace detection of analytes discussed in this study can provide important insight for addressing some of the challenges facing the field of SERS sensor design such as high sensitivity and selectivity, reliable and repeatable label-free identification of spectral peaks, and the well-controlled assembly of functional metal nanostructures. This research will have a direct impact on the future application of SERS sensors for the trace detection of target species in chemical, environmental, and biomedical fields through the development of specific design criteria and fabrication processes.
Book Synopsis Dry and Wet Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates by : Ahmed Mahmoud
Download or read book Dry and Wet Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates written by Ahmed Mahmoud and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past few decades, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has been evolving as a powerful analytical technique for the detection of a wide of chemical and biological molecules. The technique can reach a sensitivity of single molecule detection, which triggered plenty of ongoing research. In addition, technological advancements in photonics and nanoscience have resulted in the advent of portable and handheld Raman systems. These devices help SERS analysis move from expensive heavy-equipped research labs to low cost field deployable-research. The development of efficient SERS substrates that can provide signal enhancement by many orders of magnitude is a core component for SERS. The SERS substrates market and research are generally dominated by rigid solid substrates that are fabricated mostly by micro/nanofabrication techniques. Although these methods can provide reproducible substrates, they suffer from usability constraints because of their high cost of fabrication. The work presented in this thesis explored cost-effective approaches to develop and optimize SERS substrates. The substrates investigated are divided into two main categories, membrane-based SERS substrates and in-solution SERS substrates. The membrane-based SERS substrates were fabricated by equipment-free methods. In these deviceless methods, gold and silver nanostructures were incorporated in-situ within the micropores of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes by seed mediated and seedless protocols, respectively. The SERS performance of these substrates was investigated and optimized by controlling the loading of plasmonic nanostructures. These flexible inexpensive substrates have the advantages of being easy to fabricate and to use. In addition, the variation in the SERS performance of these substrate was less than 20% within the same substrate and from substrate-to-substrate, which reflects acceptable reproducibility. Analytical applications of these substrates were demonstrated using a Raman microscope as well as a handheld Raman spectrometer. The second category of the SERS substrates studied was based on the optimization of gold nanostars and graphene-silver nanocomposites for water dispersible SERS measurements. In-solution SERS platforms are not used as commonly as solid-based substrates; however, these wet platforms can provide some advantages over the dried-based ones in terms of cost, reproducibility, and analysis time. The SERS performance of gold nanostars with different branch lengths was optimized based on the type of Good's buffer, the ratio of buffer to gold concentration, and their aggregation. Our results were counterintuitive in that the gold nanostars with the shorter branches provided the largest in-solution SERS intensity. These findings can be attributed to higher surface coverage of the Raman probe rather than enhanced electromagnetic effects. Graphene-silver nanocomposites were investigated also as in-solution SERS substrates with a large 2D surface area. The SERS behavior of these nanocomposites were studied using graphene, a thiolated Raman probe, and a dye labelled ssDNA to simulate different possible interactions. The SERS and plasmonic performance of these nanocomposites can be tuned by the size of silver nanoparticles on these substrates. The nanocomposites were more stable and showed superior SERS performance when compared to commercial silver nanoparticles. The contributions of this work can pave the way for flexible membrane-based and in-solution SERS substrates to be accompanied with a handheld Raman device for field-deployable SERS measurements.
Book Synopsis Fabricatiom of Printed Substrate for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy by : Ali Eshkeiti
Download or read book Fabricatiom of Printed Substrate for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy written by Ali Eshkeiti and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A novel surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrate was successfully fabricated on a silicon wafer using inkjet printing and on polyethylene terephthalate (PET) using gravure printing. Silver (Ag) nanoparticle (NP) based ink, was used for roughening of the surface of silicon and PET. A thickness of 400 nm was measured for the printed Ag NP printed film on silicon and the thickness of the single and double layered films on PET were measured as 340 nm and 680 nm, respectively by using vertical scanning interferometry. The Ag NP printed SERS substrate was tested for application with heavy metal compounds like cadmium sulfide (CdS), zinc oxide (ZnO) and mercury sulfide (HgS). An amplification of the SERS intensity by up to 5 orders of magnitude was observed for all test samples, due to the presence of hotspots between the metal nanoparticle aggregates. The responses demonstrated the feasibility of the novel SERS substrate to be used in applications for detection of heavy metal compounds.
Book Synopsis SOLUTION PROCESSABLE SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY (SERS) SUBSTRATE by : Narayan Sharma
Download or read book SOLUTION PROCESSABLE SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY (SERS) SUBSTRATE written by Narayan Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy is a powerful analytical tool to obtain information on molecular composition. This technique has advanced greatly since its discovery, allowing Raman spectroscopic analysis down to the detection of single molecule. The heart of SERS performance lies on the choice and fabrication of SERS substrate. The most investigated metals for SERS substrates are Au and Ag. Unfortunately, the fabrication of such devises poses a significant challenge due to an expensive deposition technology including, vapor deposition, electron-beam lithography, focused ion-beam lithography, and nano-transfer printing. Herein, we report a simple and low-cost solution processing method to fabricate SERS substrates. Au nanoparticles and Au/CdS core/shell nanoparticles were synthesized and their solutions deposited on glass plates in the form of nanoparticle films. Although the enhancement of Raman signal due to Ag nanoparticle substrates is greater than that of Au, the high stability and a wide variety of fabrication methods makes Au nanoparticles more favorable candidates for SERS substrates. The performance of the SERS substrates fabricated using this method was found to be comparable with the commercially available substrates.
Book Synopsis Fabrication of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates by Controlled Assembly and Morphology Tuning of Gold Nanoparticles by : Agampodi Swarnapali De Silva Indrasekara
Download or read book Fabrication of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering Substrates by Controlled Assembly and Morphology Tuning of Gold Nanoparticles written by Agampodi Swarnapali De Silva Indrasekara and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The design and fabrication of nanoparticles (NPs) and NP assemblies to sustain intense electromagnetic field enhancement for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based imaging and sensing have recently gained significant attention. In SERS, the intrinsic optical properties of plasmonic NPs are used to overcome the relatively low Raman cross-sections and thereby increase sensitivity. Sharp features in anisotropic NPs and interparticle gaps within NP assemblies have been identified as the locations where the highest SERS enhancements can be achieved, also known as "hot spots". Many attempts have been reported that deal with the bottom-up assembly of NPs to achieve highly reproducible, sensitive, and well characterized SERS substrates, but it still remains a challenge to attain monodisperse, highly reproducible "hot spots" and directional assembly. The focus of this dissertation is to develop synthetic protocols for controlled engineering of NPs with SERS "hot spots", and thereby to contribute to the advancement of SERS-based sensing and imaging applications. In this dissertation, the development of SERS substrates has evolved from dimers of spherical gold NPs (SP), to star-shaped gold NPs (ST), and finally to assembled superstructures of ST and SPs. The kinetically controlled assembly of SPs into dimers was achieved by using Raman active dithiolated linker molecules, with the highest yield reported for this method to the best of our knowledge, leading to SERS tags with a reproducible SERS enhancement on the order of 105. NP dimers, surface-functionalized to target U87 glioblastoma cancer cells, demonstrated a fast, reliable, and selective SERS-based detection of the diseased cells that outperforms fluorescence. The morphology of the STs was modified to possess longer and sharper spikes with a narrower tip curvature thereby increasing the electromagnetic field localization at the tips. SERS substrates were designed by periodically and reproducibly immobilizing STs on a planar substrate with high surface coverage and limited to no clustering, thus enabling femtomolar detection of organic analytes with an outstanding 109 SERS enhancement. Finally, the core-satellite assemblies of ST with SPs were achieved through conjugation linker chemistry. These assemblies demonstrated SERS enhancement of two orders of magnitudes greater than isolated STs thereby improving the sensitivity of potential SERS-based imaging and sensing applications.
Book Synopsis Surface-Enhanced Vibrational Spectroscopy by : Ricardo Aroca
Download or read book Surface-Enhanced Vibrational Spectroscopy written by Ricardo Aroca and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-05-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface Enhanced Vibrational Spectroscopy (SEVS) has reached maturity as an analytical technique, but until now there has been no single work that describes the theory and experiments of SEVS. This book combines the two important techniques of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and surface-enhanced infrared (SEIR) into one text that serves as the definitive resource on SEVS. Discusses both the theory and the applications of SEVS and provides an up-to-date study of the state of the art Offers interpretations of SEVS spectra for practicing analysts Discusses interpretation of SEVS spectra, which can often be very different to the non-enhanced spectrum - aids the practicing analyst
Book Synopsis Fabrication and Testing of Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates for the Detection of Biomolecules by : Robert F. Peters
Download or read book Fabrication and Testing of Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Substrates for the Detection of Biomolecules written by Robert F. Peters and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biosensing involves the detection of analytes using biological elements as receptor agents for the specific binding of molecules to a surface. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), a surface-sensitive vibrational spectroscopy technique used to amplify Raman signals, provides unique advantages for biosensing. Unique Raman fingerprint spectra of targeted molecules allows for accurate identification of unknown samples. Inconsistencies in Raman signal enhancements, however, due to the irregularities of metallic features at the nanoscale, is a significant challenge with SERS. Nanofabrication technologies, including electron beam lithography (EBL) and nanoimprint lithography (NIL), provide resolution capabilities at the nanoscale. In this work, nanofabrication methods were used to fabricate SERS substrates for the detection of analytes using various immobilization strategies. Control over signal intensity and detection of biological bonding, with analytes in aqueous solutions was demonstrated. Investigations and testing of various aspects in the fabrication processes allowed for significant control over features at nanoscale dimensions.
Book Synopsis Novel Approaches to Prepare and Utilize Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Substrates by :
Download or read book Novel Approaches to Prepare and Utilize Surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) Substrates written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past few decades, surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has garnered respect as an analytical technique with significant chemical and biological applications. SERS is important for the life sciences because it can provide trace level detection and a high level of molecular structure information. The development of quantitative, highly sensitive substrates requires control over size, shape, and position of metal nanoparticles which function as the SERS active medium. Thus, creating and successfully implementing a sensitive, reproducible, and robust SERS active substrate continues to be a challenging task. Its future development depends critically on techniques for lithography and nanofabrication. Herein, we report a novel method for SERS that is based upon using colloidal silver nanoparticles in a multiplexed microfluidics (MMFs) platform. The MMF is created in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) polymer material and used to perform parallel, high throughput, and sensitive detection/identification of single or various analytes under easily manipulated conditions. A facile passive pumping method is used to deliver samples into the channels under flowing conditions that are highly conducive for SERS measurments. Also an unconventional nanofabrication approach is modified to produce efficient SERS substrates. Metallic nanopatterns of silver discs are transferred from a stamp onto PDMS to create nanocomposite substrates with regular periodic morphologies. The stamp with periodic arrays of square, triangular, and elliptical pillars is created via Electron Beam Lithography of ma-N 2403 resist. A modified cyclodextrin is thermally evaporated on the stamp to overcome the adhesive nature of the ebeam resist and to function as a releasing layer. Subsequently, the stamp is over coated with Ag by physical vapor deposition at a controlled rate and thickness and used directly for nanotransfer printing (nTP). Stamps, substrates, and the efficiency of the nTP process were explored by SEM. Ag nano-disc-PDMS substrates are studied by SERS using Rhodamine 6G as the probe analyte. The SERS response of metallic nano-discs of various shapes/sizes on the original stamp is compared to the corresponding nTP substrates. We demonstrate that physical manipulation of the PDMS post nTP can be used to alter morphology. Additionally, stamps are shown to be reusable after the nTP process.
Book Synopsis Principles of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy by : Eric Le Ru
Download or read book Principles of Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy written by Eric Le Ru and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-11-17 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SERS was discovered in the 1970s and has since grown enormously in breadth, depth, and understanding. One of the major characteristics of SERS is its interdisciplinary nature: it lies at the boundary between physics, chemistry, colloid science, plasmonics, nanotechnology, and biology. By their very nature, it is impossible to find a textbook that will summarize the principles needed for SERS of these rather dissimilar and disconnected topics. Although a basic understanding of these topics is necessary for research projects in SERS with all its many aspects and applications, they are seldom touched upon as a coherent unit during most undergraduate studies in physics or chemistry. This book intends to fill this existing gap in the literature. It provides an overview of the underlying principles of SERS, from the fundamental understanding of the effect to its potential applications. It is aimed primarily at newcomers to the field, graduate students, researchers or scientists, attracted by the many applications of SERS and plasmonics or its basic science. The emphasis is on concepts and background material for SERS, such as Raman spectroscopy, the physics of plasmons, or colloid science, all of them introduced within the context of SERS, and from where the more specialized literature can be followed. - Represents one of very few books fully dedicated to the topic of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) - Gives a comprehensive summary of the underlying physical concepts around SERS - Provides a detailed analysis of plasmons and plasmonics
Book Synopsis Fabrication and Characterization of Substrate Materials for Trace Analytical Measurements by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Spectroscopy Technique by : Pratima Vabbilisetty
Download or read book Fabrication and Characterization of Substrate Materials for Trace Analytical Measurements by Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Spectroscopy Technique written by Pratima Vabbilisetty and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The detection of various compounds using Surface enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) from colloidal suspensions of silver and gold colloids has been attempted. Different substrates have been utilized and SERS spectra for R6G, creatinine, imidazole and benzoic acid have been evaluated as a function of time. SERS investigations have been performed using model compounds to allow comparison between the substrates. Different concentrations of R6G have been used for the valuation of the analytical capabilities. Silver and gold colloids have been prepared and used for SERS measurements and for the fabrication of substrates having a layer of immobilized metal nanoparticles.
Book Synopsis Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy by : Sebastian Schlücker
Download or read book Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy written by Sebastian Schlücker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-19 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering everything from the basic theoretical and practical knowledge to new exciting developments in the field with a focus on analytical and life science applications, this monograph shows how to apply surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for solving real world problems. From the contents: * Theory and practice of SERS * Analytical applications * SERS combined with other analytical techniques * Biophysical applications * Life science applications including various microscopies Aimed at analytical, surface and medicinal chemists, spectroscopists, biophysicists and materials scientists. Includes a Foreword by the renowned Raman spectroscopist Professor Wolfgang Kiefer, the former Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Raman Spectroscopy.
Book Synopsis New Ultrasensitive Bimetallic Substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering by : Mohammad Yehia Khaywah
Download or read book New Ultrasensitive Bimetallic Substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering written by Mohammad Yehia Khaywah and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Driven by the interest in finding ultrasensitive sensors devices, reliable surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) based substrates are fabricated. Silver and gold nanoparticles are two of the best candidates for SERS substrates where Ag nanoparticles exhibit large enhancing ability in Raman intensity while Au nanostructures are stable in biological systems. Hence, combining the two metals in bimetallic nanostructures appeared to be a promising approach in order to sum the merits of Au surface properties and Ag enhancing ability. Thermal annealing of thin metallic films is used as a simple and relatively inexpensive technique to elaborate homogenous and reproducible Ag/Au bimetallic nanoparticles SERS substrates with high enhancing ability. The fabricated nanoparticles proved their enhancing stability even after one year of fabrication. Manipulating the composition of Ag/Au bimetallic NPs resulted in tuning the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) over the whole visible spectrum, where the substrates are characterized with higher SERS enhancement when they exhibit LSPR closer to the Raman excitation wavelength. Additionally, bimetallic nanoparticles patterns with different size, composition and lattice constants have been conducted by electron beam lithography. The systematic study of their interesting plasmonic and SERS enhancing properties revealed maintenance in the LSPR-SERS relation by changing the nanoparticle size.
Book Synopsis Detection of Molecular and Biomolecular Species by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering: Nanoengineered Substrates for SERS Detection by :
Download or read book Detection of Molecular and Biomolecular Species by Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering: Nanoengineered Substrates for SERS Detection written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our research has confirmed that the significant Raman enhancement from a nanoshell based substrate is generated by the electromagnetic enhancement of individual nanoshells, not aggregates (dimers, trimers, etc.). Unlike metal colloids and roughened surfaces, the significant Raman enhancements achieved are consistent across the substrate and are not related to "hot spots" associated with aggregate geometries. This will allow the reproducible manufacture of a substrate with superior enhancement for use in future target specific SERS applications. The Raman enhancement achieved this individual nanoshell" substrate equals or exceeds 10 exp 10, evaluated using direct comparison between the unenhanced and enhanced signal from the same molecule. It is important to note that when these enhancements are compared to those of Kneipp et a., who reported values of 10 exp 10, the nanoshell-based enhancement appears to be approximately 10 exp 15 using their analytical method. The enhancement factors demonstrated are consistent with reported enhancements factors necessary for single molecule detection. Nanoshell-based SERS substrates have been reproducibly manufactured and tested for stability under various conditions. The method of manufacturing will allow use with both dry and aqueous samples.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Substrates for Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering by : Muyang Zhong
Download or read book Evaluation of Substrates for Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering written by Muyang Zhong and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) has long been the interest of researchers in chemistry, physics and engineering, especially since the discovery that SERS can probe into the system down to the single molecule (SM) level. Despite the large number of publications regarding the fabrication of SERS substrates, it has been a challenge in the field to quantify the SERS signal and universally compare substrates. Traditionally, enhancement factor (EF) is used as an indicator of substrate quality, but the EF calculation is hugely dependent on the estimation of the surface coverage and other factors that are determined largely subjectively. Therefore, this thesis aims at discussing other parameters that can also be used to evaluate different substrates. Six different SERS substrates of Ag or Au nanoparticles of different sizes were fabricated by nanosphere lithography (NSL) and characterized by electron microscopy and UV-vis spectroscopy. SERS substrates were mapped for different concentrations of a probe molecule. Through subsequent baseline correction and principle component analysis (PCA), the "intensity" of individual spectrum was obtained and the shapes of intensity histograms of each substrate were acquired.Instead of calculating EF, five criteria (six quantification methods in total) were employed to comprehensively evaluate the six substrates. These were density of hot spots (characterized by the number of zero-intensity events), enhancement (represented by mean intensity), spatial variation (calculated by RSD of intensity), repeatability (realized by cross correlation) and histogram shape (quantified by skewness and kurtosis). These new methods provide insights to the understanding of the properties of SERS substrates in terms of hot spots. Different substrates may exhibit better performance in terms of one criterion but worse in terms of others. Those variations in performance can be explained by their surface morphology.These more elaborated methods are believed to provide a more comprehensive approach to evaluate and compare substrates than the traditional EF values. The thesis also paves the way for future study on SM-SERS and fabricating better SERS substrates.
Book Synopsis Fabrication and Testing of Advanced Substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) by : Angelia K. Moore
Download or read book Fabrication and Testing of Advanced Substrates for Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) written by Angelia K. Moore and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Use of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for Biomedical Applications by : Mustafa Habib Chowdhury
Download or read book The Use of Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for Biomedical Applications written by Mustafa Habib Chowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
