Extrusion Processing For Manufacture Of Low Density Microcellular Polycarbonate Foams Uing Co2 Microform

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Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density Microcellular Polycarbonate Foams Uing CO↓2 [microform]

Author : John W. S. (John Won S.) Lee
Publisher : Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
ISBN 13 : 9780612954939
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (549 download)

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Book Synopsis Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density Microcellular Polycarbonate Foams Uing CO↓2 [microform] by : John W. S. (John Won S.) Lee

Download or read book Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density Microcellular Polycarbonate Foams Uing CO↓2 [microform] written by John W. S. (John Won S.) Lee and published by Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada. This book was released on 2004 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the effective strategies for increasing the volume expansion ratio and the cell density of polycarbonate foams. The basic strategies are: (a) to use sufficiently high pressure all through the extrusion system; (b) to use branched material; (c) to use high pressure drop rate at the die exit; (d) to use sufficiently high contents of CO 2; (e) to optimize the processing temperature. The effects of processing and material parameters on foam morphologies were thoroughly studied using a single-screw tandem foam extrusion system. By tailoring the processing and material parameters, polycarbonate foams with an expansion ratio of up to 19 times with a cell density over 1010 cells/cm3 were successfully produced. A continuous extrusion process for the manufacture of low-density microcellular polycarbonate (PC) foams using CO2 is presented. Due to its outstanding mechanical properties and high thermal resistance, polycarbonate foams have been considered as a candidate that will broaden the applications of foams in new industrial areas with high temperature environments.

Extrusion Processing of Low-density Microcellular Foams [microform]

Author : Amir Hossein Behravesh
Publisher : National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN 13 : 9780612351103
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (511 download)

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Book Synopsis Extrusion Processing of Low-density Microcellular Foams [microform] by : Amir Hossein Behravesh

Download or read book Extrusion Processing of Low-density Microcellular Foams [microform] written by Amir Hossein Behravesh and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams [microform]

Author : Hani E. (Hani Effat) Naguib
Publisher : National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
ISBN 13 : 9780612637139
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (371 download)

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Book Synopsis Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams [microform] by : Hani E. (Hani Effat) Naguib

Download or read book Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams [microform] written by Hani E. (Hani Effat) Naguib and published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada. This book was released on 2001 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Foam Extrusion

Author : S.-T. Lee
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1439898596
Total Pages : 636 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (398 download)

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Book Synopsis Foam Extrusion by : S.-T. Lee

Download or read book Foam Extrusion written by S.-T. Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-04-07 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining the science of foam with the engineering of extrusion processes, Foam Extrusion: Principles and Practice delivers a detailed discussion of the theory, design, processing, and application of degradable foam extraction. In one comprehensive volume, the editors present the collective expertise of leading academic, research, and industry specialists while laying the scientific foundation in such a manner that the microscopic transition from a nucleus to a void (nucleation) and macroscopic movement from a void to an object (formation) are plausibly addressed. To keep pace with significant improvements in foam extrusion technology, this Second Edition: Includes new chapters on the latest developments in processing/thermal management, rheology/melt strength, and biodegradable and sustainable foams Features extensive updates to chapters on extrusion equipment, blowing agents, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foam, and microcellular innovation Contains new coverage of cutting-edge foaming mechanisms and technology, as well as new case studies, examples, and figures Capturing the interesting evolution of the field, Foam Extrusion: Principles and Practice, Second Edition provides scientists, engineers, and product development professionals with a modern, holistic view of foam extrusion to enhance research and development and aid in the selection of the optimal screw, die design, and foaming system.

Extrusion Processing of Low-bulk Density, Microcellular, Open-cell Thermoplastic Foams

Author : Chang-Dong Patrick Lee
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780494219553
Total Pages : 420 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (195 download)

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Book Synopsis Extrusion Processing of Low-bulk Density, Microcellular, Open-cell Thermoplastic Foams by : Chang-Dong Patrick Lee

Download or read book Extrusion Processing of Low-bulk Density, Microcellular, Open-cell Thermoplastic Foams written by Chang-Dong Patrick Lee and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to promote a deeper understanding of the cell opening behavior during foaming, a failure analysis of a cell wall was performed according to the Considere and Failure criteria using the uniaxial experimental data of a polymer melt. A theoretical approach to prediction of the cell wall rupture moment was proposed using two adjacent cubic-shaped cells. This concept was further extended to arrive at an estimation of the minimum threshold diameter of a foam extrudate to produce an open-cell foam structure. A continuous extrusion process for the manufacture of low-density, microcellular, open-cell thermoplastic foams is presented using a single-screw tandem extrusion foaming system. Fundamental studies have been conducted to investigate the effects of various processing parameters and materials compositions on the basic properties (i.e., extensional behavior, solubility, diffusivity, and initial foam extrudate shape) of plastic melts and melt/gas solutions that influence the cell morphologies of thermoplastic foams. The observed phenomena were essential in understanding and devising the processing strategies to achieve a desired foam structure. Based on the fundamental studies, this thesis presents the basic strategies for promoting a low-density, microcellular, open-cell thermoplastic foam. The effects of polymer blending, additives, processing temperature, blowing agent content, die geometry, and surface quenching on the final foam morphologies were thoroughly investigated to verify the proposed strategies. By tailoring the material compositions and processing conditions, low-density (>10 fold), microcellular (109 cells/cm 3), open-cell (>95%) thermoplastic foams were successfully achieved. Furthermore, a procedure for estimating gas loss from a foam structure was proposed in order to understand the effect of gas loss during open-cell content measurement using a gas pycnometer, and the corresponding open-cell content errors were calculated.

Development of Microcellular Foam Sheet Extrusion Systems

Author : Anthony Kwok-Fu Yeung
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Microcellular Foam Sheet Extrusion Systems by : Anthony Kwok-Fu Yeung

Download or read book Development of Microcellular Foam Sheet Extrusion Systems written by Anthony Kwok-Fu Yeung and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes a continuous extrusion process for manufacturing low-density, microcellular polystyrene foam sheets using carbon dioxide as a blowing agent. Microcellular polymer foams are characterized by a cell density greater than 10$\sp9$ cells/cm$\sp3$ and a cell size on the order of 10 $\mu$m. To date, most research on the continuous processing of microcellular polymer foams has focused on nucleation and cell growth phenomena. Little work has been done on their shaping aspect. Two extrusion systems; namely, a single-screw extrusion system and a tandem extrusion system with two die designs were used in this research. The systems were designed and analyzed based on an axiomatic design framework. Detailed design and construction of their components, which include an extruder screw for the second extruder, dies, a diffusion enhancing device, a heat exchanger, a cooling mandrel, and a take-up roll system, were carried out subsequently. Critical experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance of the systems. PS foam sheets with a cell density in the range of 10$\sp9$ to 10$\sp#x10;$ cells/cm$\sp3,$ a controlled volume expansion ratio in the range of 2.1 to 17.9, and a uniform sheet thickness were successfully obtained from the designed tandem foam extrusion system.

Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams

Author : Hani E. Naguib
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (133 download)

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Book Synopsis Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams by : Hani E. Naguib

Download or read book Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams written by Hani E. Naguib and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A continuous extrusion process for the manufacture of low-density, fine-celled polypropylene foams is presented. Due to its outstanding functional characteristics and low material cost, polypropylene foams have been considered as a substitute for other thermoplastic foams in industrial applications. However, only limited research has been conducted on the production of polypropylene foams because of the weak melt strength, and no research has been conducted to investigate the mechanisms that govern the expandability of polypropylene foams. This thesis presents the effective strategies for increasing the volume expansion ratio as well as the mechanisms governing the foam density of polypropylene foams. The basic strategies taken in this study for the promotion of a large volume expansion ratio of polypropylene foams are: (a) to use a branched material for preventing cell coalescence; (b) to use a long-chain blowing agent with low diffusivity; (c) to lower the melt temperature for decreasing gas loss during expansion; and (d) to optimize the processing conditions in the die for avoiding premature crystallization. The effects of processing and materials parameters on the foam morphologies of polypropylene materials were thoroughly studied using a single-screw tandem foam extrusion system. A careful analysis of extended experimental results obtained at various processing conditions indicates that the final volume expansion ratio of the extruded polypropylene foams blown with butane is governed either by loss of blowing agent or by crystallization of the polymer matrix. By tailoring the processing conditions in the die, ultra low-density, fine-celled polypropylene foams with very high expansion ratio up to 90-fold were successfully produced from the branched polypropylene resins. Fundamental studies have also been conducted to investigate the effect of various processing and materials parameters on the thermodynamic, thermal and melt fracture behaviors of polypropylene melts with foaming additives that influence the cell morphology of polypropylene foams.

Extrusion Processing of Low-density Microcellular Foams

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (654 download)

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Book Synopsis Extrusion Processing of Low-density Microcellular Foams by :

Download or read book Extrusion Processing of Low-density Microcellular Foams written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (654 download)

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Book Synopsis Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams by :

Download or read book Extrusion Processing for Manufacture of Low-density, Fine-celled Polypropylene Foams written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Development of Biopolymer Foams by Supercritical CO2 Assisted Processes

Author : Jennifer Andrea Villamil Jiménez
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)

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Book Synopsis Development of Biopolymer Foams by Supercritical CO2 Assisted Processes by : Jennifer Andrea Villamil Jiménez

Download or read book Development of Biopolymer Foams by Supercritical CO2 Assisted Processes written by Jennifer Andrea Villamil Jiménez and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polylactic acid (PLA) is a commercially available biopolymer that is of great interest in various industrial fields, especially for the production of polymer foams. With the development of technologies that seek to reduce the environmental impact of processes, chemical foaming agents are being replaced by physical agents, mainly supercritical fluids (SCF) such as carbon dioxide (sc-CO2). Currently, the mass production of low-density PLA foams with uniform microcellular morphology using SCFs as foaming agents is a challenge. This is mainly due to the low melt strength of PLA and its slow crystallisation kinetics. Among the different options to improve the characteristics of PLA, combining it with different types of fillers has great potential to improve the foaming but also the performance of the final composites. Moreover, the operating conditions and the characteristics of the fillers such as their size, aspect ratio, and surface chemistry play an important role in the final foam morphology. In this context, this work focused on the fabrication of composite foams from PLA and cellulose fibres usingsupercritical CO2 (sc-CO2) as foaming agent. The first part of the work was devoted to the formulation of the composites and the study of their properties, in particular the effect of the fibres on crystallinity. These composites were then foamed by a batch process and a continuous sc-CO2 assisted extrusion process. The effect of cellulose content and aspect ratio (length/diameter) on the solidification and crystallisation kinetics of PLA was studied. These results are used as a means of understanding the morphology and characteristics of the PLA-cellulose composite foams produced.

Multifunctional Barriers for Flexible Structure

Author : Sophie Duquesne
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540719202
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Multifunctional Barriers for Flexible Structure by : Sophie Duquesne

Download or read book Multifunctional Barriers for Flexible Structure written by Sophie Duquesne and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-29 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first complete overview of the present state of the art of flexible barrier materials such as textile, paper and leather, including methods for barrier evaluation. It will be of interest to readers in industries, consumers, and members of the scientific community. The scope of the field is clearly delineated here for the first time, and it deals with a number of specific topics such as barrier to fire and antibacterial properties.

Polymeric Foams

Author : Shau-Tarng Lee
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 142000462X
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Polymeric Foams by : Shau-Tarng Lee

Download or read book Polymeric Foams written by Shau-Tarng Lee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-08-21 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymers are among the major hallmarks of 20th-century science, and the explosive outgrowth and tremendous importance of polymeric foams is a testament to their amazing versatility and unique properties. With applications from automotive to acoustic and medical, polymeric foams pervade all areas of our lives. If this growth is to continue into the

Construction Materials

Author : Peter Domone
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351988417
Total Pages : 1116 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Construction Materials by : Peter Domone

Download or read book Construction Materials written by Peter Domone and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-03 with total page 1116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: So far in the twenty-first century, there have been many developments in our understanding of materials’ behaviour and in their technology and use. This new edition has been expanded to cover recent developments such as the use of glass as a structural material. It also now examines the contribution that material selection makes to sustainable construction practice, considering the availability of raw materials, production, recycling and reuse, which all contribute to the life cycle assessment of structures. As well as being brought up-to-date with current usage and performance standards, each section now also contains an extra chapter on recycling. Covers the following materials: metals concrete ceramics (including bricks and masonry) polymers fibre composites bituminous materials timber glass. This new edition maintains our familiar and accessible format, starting with fundamental principles and continuing with a section on each of the major groups of materials. It gives you a clear and comprehensive perspective on the whole range of materials used in modern construction. A must have for Civil and Structural engineering students, and for students of architecture, surveying or construction on courses which require an understanding of materials.

Foaming with Supercritical Fluids

Author : Ernesto Di Maio
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0444637362
Total Pages : 486 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (446 download)

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Book Synopsis Foaming with Supercritical Fluids by : Ernesto Di Maio

Download or read book Foaming with Supercritical Fluids written by Ernesto Di Maio and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-11-06 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foaming with Supercritical Fluids, Volume Nine provides a comprehensive description of the use of supercritical fluids as blowing agents in polymer foaming. To this aim, the fundamental issues on which the proper design and control of this process are rooted are discussed in detail, with specific attention devoted to the theoretical and experimental aspects of sorption thermodynamics of a blowing agent within a polymer, the effect of the absorbed blowing agent on the thermal, interfacial and rheological properties of the expanding matter, and the phase separation of the gaseous phase, and of the related bubble nucleation and growth phenomena. Several foaming technologies based on the use of supercritical blowing agents are then described, addressing the main issues in the light of the underlying chemical-physical phenomena. Offers strong fundamentals on polymer properties important on foaming Outlines the use of supercritical fluids for foaming Covers theoretical points-of-view, including foam formation of the polymer/gas solution to the setting of the final foam Discusses the several processing technologies and applications

Construction Materials

Author : Marios Soutsos
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351674633
Total Pages : 820 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (516 download)

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Book Synopsis Construction Materials by : Marios Soutsos

Download or read book Construction Materials written by Marios Soutsos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 820 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This established textbook provides an understanding of materials’ behaviour through knowledge of their chemical and physical structure. It covers the main classes of construction materials: metals, concrete, other ceramics (including bricks and masonry), polymers, fibre composites, bituminous materials, timber, and glass. It provides a clear and comprehensive perspective on the whole range of materials used in modern construction, to form a must-have for civil and structural engineering students, and those on courses such as architecture, surveying and construction. It begins with a Fundamentals section followed by a section on each of the major groups of materials. In this new edition: - The section on fibre composites FRP and FRC has been completely restructured and updated. - Typical questions with answers to any numerical examples are given at the end of each section, as well as an instructor’s manual with further questions and answers. - The links in all parts have also been updated and extended, including links to free reports from The Concrete Centre, as well as other online resources and material suppliers’ websites. - and now with solutions manual and resources for adopting instructors on https://www.crcpress.com/9781498741101

Recent Advances in Elastomeric Nanocomposites

Author : Vikas Mittal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642157874
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)

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Book Synopsis Recent Advances in Elastomeric Nanocomposites by : Vikas Mittal

Download or read book Recent Advances in Elastomeric Nanocomposites written by Vikas Mittal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-15 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Recent Advances in Elastomeric Nanocomposites’ reviews the recent progresses in the synthesis, processing as well as applications of elastomeric nanocomposites. Elastomers are a very important class of polymer materials and the generation of their nanocomposites by the incorporation of nano-filler has led to significant enhancement of their properties and, hence, expansion of their application potential. Most of the studies related with these materials are present in the form of research papers. Here, the authors present a comprehensive text covering the whole of the subject. The book is tailored more from the applications point of view, but also provide enough introductory material for research scholars new to this field.

New Materials Permeable to Water Vapor

Author : Harro Träubel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642599788
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)

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Book Synopsis New Materials Permeable to Water Vapor by : Harro Träubel

Download or read book New Materials Permeable to Water Vapor written by Harro Träubel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural products like wool, leather or cotton are permeable to water vapor. Their complex fibrous structure makes it difficult to imitate this natural phenomenon by synthesis. This book discusses ways to obtain water vapor permeability by microporosity or through a hydrophilic structure. Various areas of application include the medical sector for implants and dialysis, the industrial sector for filtration or for processes requiring the slow release of substances, and the consumer sector for leather substitutes or performance textiles.