Extraction Of Artemisinin From Artemisia Annua

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Extraction of Artemisinin from Artemisia Annua

Author : Seid Yimer
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656361665
Total Pages : 83 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (563 download)

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Book Synopsis Extraction of Artemisinin from Artemisia Annua by : Seid Yimer

Download or read book Extraction of Artemisinin from Artemisia Annua written by Seid Yimer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-01-28 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2008 in the subject Engineering - Chemical Engineering, grade: A, Bahir Dar University (Bahir Dar University Engineering Faculity), course: Chemical Engineering, language: English, abstract: Abstract Malaria disease is endemic in least developed countries like Ethiopia. The rapid development of drug-resistant malaria parasite strain leaves the need for new effective anti-malarial drugs. Artemisinin is a sesquiterpene lactone found in the leaves and flowers of plants Artemisia annua L and have different chemical structures and higher efficacy than others. The content of artemisinin is very small and from 0.5 to 1.2 % of dry weight of plants in Ethiopia. Extraction of artemisinin from Artemisia annua is mainly performed using hydrocarbon extraction processes. Extraction with Supercritical CO2, ethanol, ionic liquids, hydroflourocarbon HFC-134a and hexane extraction are extraction technologies and compared majorly in terms of their extraction efficiency, cost and drawback to environment. Since artemisinin is only present in the epidermis of the leaves, leaves were only washed on the outside by stirring appeared to be the most appropriate method and the first step in this research was solvent extraction using hexane. Step followed purify by repeated crystallization. Laboratory scale production data and procedures were listed for aremisinin extraction process. By using those data large scale production method was designed. And did material and energy balance calculations for large scale production process carried out by taking scientific approach followed by feasibility study. As a result my extractor was very large and it has 14.37m3 capacities it wasn’t found in market. So I designed the required larger extractor that should fulfill the target of the project i.e. with simple, rapid, cost effective, environmental friendly and practical method for the isolation of artemisinin from Artemisia annua. The design the extractor I used the optimum ratio between solvent and leaves, optimum extraction time, optimum extraction temperature and optimum design of the stirrer paddles. In these thesis work extractor design, skirt design, bolt design, reinforcement calculations, preliminary equipment design (sizing), economic analysis calculations were included. In the profitability analysis Return on investment, payback period and net present worth calculated and the project was checked its feasibility. The payback period is 1.22yrs and it is economically acceptable that means this market is promising in Ethiopia in addition to save millions of Ethiopian and African from killer malaria. Key words: artemisinin, sesquiterpene lactone, hexane extraction

Artemisia annua - Pharmacology and Biotechnology

Author : Tariq Aftab
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642410278
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Artemisia annua - Pharmacology and Biotechnology by : Tariq Aftab

Download or read book Artemisia annua - Pharmacology and Biotechnology written by Tariq Aftab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-26 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone originally extracted from the medicinal plant Artemisia annua L., is an effective antimalarial agent, particularly for multi-drug resistant and cerebral malaria. However, the concentration of artemisinin in the plant is very low. Because the chemical synthesis of artemisinin is complicated and not economically feasible in view of the poor yield of the drug, the intact plant remains the only viable source of artemisinin production. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the concentration of artemisinin in A. annua to reduce the cost of artemisinin based antimalarial drugs. Plant scientists have focused their efforts on A. annua for a higher artemisinin crop yield. With the present volume, we are bringing together the research which is being done on this plant throughout the world and future possibilities for scientists and researchers who want to work on it.

Deep Eutectic Solvents

Author : Yizhak Marcus
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030006085
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Deep Eutectic Solvents by : Yizhak Marcus

Download or read book Deep Eutectic Solvents written by Yizhak Marcus and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-05 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is one of the first books fully dedicated to the rapidly advancing and expanding research area of deep eutectic solvents. Written by the internationally recognized expert in solution chemistry, it supplies full information regarding preparation of these new eco-friendly solvents, their properties and applications. The current and potential applications of deep eutectic solvents as organic reaction media, catalytic system, in biomass processing, nanotechnology and metal finishing industry, as well as for extraction and separation are extensively discussed.This highly informative and carefully presented book will appeal to practicing chemists (organic chemists, polymer chemists, biochemists) as well as chemical engineers and environmental scientists.

Green Extraction of Natural Products

Author : Farid Chemat
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527676813
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Green Extraction of Natural Products by : Farid Chemat

Download or read book Green Extraction of Natural Products written by Farid Chemat and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-11 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extraction processes are essential steps in numerous industrial applications from perfume over pharmaceutical to fine chemical industry. Nowadays, there are three key aspects in industrial extraction processes: economy and quality, as well as environmental considerations. This book presents a complete picture of current knowledge on green extraction in terms of innovative processes, original methods, alternative solvents and safe products, and provides the necessary theoretical background as well as industrial application examples and environmental impacts. Each chapter is written by experts in the field and the strong focus on green chemistry throughout the book makes this book a unique reference source. This book is intended to be a first step towards a future cooperation in a new extraction of natural products, built to improve both fundamental and green parameters of the techniques and to increase the amount of extracts obtained from renewable resources with a minimum consumption of energy and solvents, and the maximum safety for operators and the environment.

Artemisia annua

Author : Tariq Aftab
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351802860
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Artemisia annua by : Tariq Aftab

Download or read book Artemisia annua written by Tariq Aftab and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artemisia annua is a well-known medicinal plant that has been utilized for a number of purposes, including malaria, for centuries. This is the first comprehensive book to cover the importance of Artemisia annua in the global health crisis and in the treatment against diseases. A component and extract, artemisinin, is the source of other derivatives which are also suitable for pharmaceutical use. The present demand for artemisinin far outpaces its supply. Researchers are working globally towards improving artemisinin content in the plant by various means. Artemisia annua: Prospects, Applications and Therapeutic Uses highlights the different approaches, including ‘omics', that are being used in current research on this immensely important medicinal plant. Providing comprehensive coverage of the agricultural and pharmaceutical uses of this plant, Artemisia annua will be essential reading for botanists, plant scientists, herbalists, pharmacognosists, pharmacologists and natural product chemists.

Applied Thin-Layer Chromatography

Author : Elke Hahn-Deinstrop
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527609857
Total Pages : 330 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Thin-Layer Chromatography by : Elke Hahn-Deinstrop

Download or read book Applied Thin-Layer Chromatography written by Elke Hahn-Deinstrop and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-02-27 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a powerful, fast and inexpensive analytical method. It has proven its usefulness in pharmaceutical, food and environmental analysis. This new edition of the practical TLC guide features a completely revised chapter on documentation, now including the use of digital cameras. Selected new sorbents and instruments are also introduced. Why has the prior edition been successful? All steps of the analytical procedure are clearly explained, starting with the choice of a suitable TLC technique and ending with data evaluation and documentation. Special emphasis is put on the proper choice of materials for TLC. Properties and functions of various materials and the TLC equipment are described, covering e. g. precoated layers, solvents and developing chambers, including information on suppliers. Many practical hints for trouble shooting are given. All this is illustrated with numerous coloured figures. How to use TLC in compliance with GLP/GMP regulations is described in detail, including the required documentation. Therefore the reader can very easily compile his own standard operating procedures.

Green Process Engineering

Author : Martine Poux
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1482208180
Total Pages : 470 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (822 download)

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Book Synopsis Green Process Engineering by : Martine Poux

Download or read book Green Process Engineering written by Martine Poux and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-06-02 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been edited by Martine Poux, Patrick Cognet and Christophe Gourdon from the Laboratoire de Génie Chimique/ENSIACET, Toulouse. It presents an ensemble of methods and new chemical engineering routes that can be integrated in industrial processing for safer, more flexible, economical, and ecological production processes in the context of green and sustainable engineering. Different methods for improving process performance are dealt with, including: • Eco-design and process optimization by systemic approaches • New technologies for intensification • Radical change of industrial processes via the use of new media and new routes for chemical synthesis These various methods are fully illustrated with examples and industrial cases, making this book application oriented.

Ultrasound in Food Processing

Author : Malcolm J. W. Povey
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9780751404296
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Ultrasound in Food Processing by : Malcolm J. W. Povey

Download or read book Ultrasound in Food Processing written by Malcolm J. W. Povey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1998 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the future development of ultrasound in food processing, covering both High Power (material altering) and Low Power (non-destructive testing) applications. Leading work is presented for a non-expert audience, so that people in industry and academia can make informed decisions about future research and the adoption of ultrasound techniques. It will be of particular interest to food manufacturing personnel responsible for process development, engineering and research. It will be invaluable for scientists and technologists involved in active ultrasound research and instrument manufacture.

From Artemisia annua L. to Artemisinins

Author : Youyou Tu
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128116560
Total Pages : 468 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis From Artemisia annua L. to Artemisinins by : Youyou Tu

Download or read book From Artemisia annua L. to Artemisinins written by Youyou Tu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-08 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From Artemisia annua L. to Artemisinins: The Discovery and Development of Artemisinins and Antimalarial Agents is the first book that systematically introduces the origin and development of artemisinine and artemisinine-based drugs. It includes four distinct sections, including Artemisia annua L., Artemisinin, Dihydroartemisinin, and other artemisinin derivatives. Tu Youyou, the chief inventor of artemisinin, together with other members from the research team, have written a book that will be a valuable reference work for both researchers involved in the medical industry and scholars who are interested in undertaking innovative research. Presents a full view of artemisinin, not only its origin and development, but also chemical structure, chemical properties, extracting mode, derivatives, chromogenic reaction, general pharmacological, and toxicology. Provides many aspects of artemisinin-based drugs Incudes lots of experimental data, such as the X-ray crystallography result—the first application reported in China in determining the absolute molecular configuration utilizing the scattering effects of oxygen atoms by X-ray diffraction technique

Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants

Author : Bharat Singh
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527825584
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (278 download)

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Book Synopsis Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants by : Bharat Singh

Download or read book Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants written by Bharat Singh and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-03-06 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers the structurally diverse secondary metabolites of medicinal plants, including their ethnopharmacological properties, biological activity, and production strategies Secondary metabolites of plants are a treasure trove of novel compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications. Consequently, the nature of these metabolites as well as strategies for the targeted expression and/or purification is of high interest. Regarding their biological and pharmacological activity and ethnopharmacological properties, this book offers a comprehensive treatment of 100 plant species, including Abutilon, Aloe, Cannabis, Capsicum, Jasminum, Malva, Phyllanthus, Stellaria, Thymus, Vitis, Zingiber, and more. It also discusses the cell culture conditions and various strategies used for enhancing the production of targeted metabolites in plant cell cultures. Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants: Ethnopharmacological Properties, Biological Activity and Production Strategies is presented in four parts. Part I provides a complete introduction to the subject. Part II looks at the ethnomedicinal and pharmacological properties, chemical structures, and culture conditions of secondary metabolites. The third part examines the many strategies of secondary metabolites production, including: biotransformation; culture conditions; feeding of precursors; genetic transformation; immobilization; and oxygenation. The last section concludes with an overview of everything learned. -Provides information on cell culture conditions and targeted extraction of secondary metabolites confirmed by relevant literature -Presents the structures of secondary metabolites of 100 plant species together with their biological and pharmacological activity -Discusses plant species regarding their distribution, habitat, and ethnopharmacalogical properties -Presents strategies of secondary metabolites production, such as organ culture, pH, elicitation, hairy root cultures, light, and mutagenesis Secondary Metabolites of Medicinal Plants is an important book for students, professionals, and biotechnologists interested in the biological and pharmacological activity and ethnopharmacological properties of plants.

23 European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering

Author : Chandrakant R. Malwade
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN 13 : 012808507X
Total Pages : 1088 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis 23 European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering by : Chandrakant R. Malwade

Download or read book 23 European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering written by Chandrakant R. Malwade and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 1088 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, to understand the separation behavior of the flash column chromatography during purification of artemisinin from the crude extract of Artemisia annua, multivariate data analysis technique PARAFAC (Parallel factorization) is used to mine the relevant chemical information from analytical chromatograms of 9 artemisinin containing fractions. The size of three way dataset obtained from chromatogram measurements in sample, retention time, and spectral mode is 9 × 1981 × 82. Prior to the application of PARAFAC, the dataset is preprocessed to remove baseline drift and peak misalignment caused by retention time shifts due to matrix effects. Due to the complicated nature of chromatograms, the preprocessed HPLC data were divided into intervals containing analytical signals and then PARAFAC modeling was performed on individual intervals. Loadings from the PARAFAC analysis provided pure elution profiles and pure UV spectra even for co-eluting peaks, thus enabling the identification of chromatographically unresolved components. Also, loadings were used to determine the number of components and their relative concentrations in the fractions containing artemisinin which are the most important information of the flash column performance.

Saving Lives, Buying Time

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309165938
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Saving Lives, Buying Time by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Saving Lives, Buying Time written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-09-09 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 50 years, low-cost antimalarial drugs silently saved millions of lives and cured billions of debilitating infections. Today, however, these drugs no longer work against the deadliest form of malaria that exists throughout the world. Malaria deaths in sub-Saharan Africaâ€"currently just over one million per yearâ€"are rising because of increased resistance to the old, inexpensive drugs. Although effective new drugs called "artemisinins" are available, they are unaffordable for the majority of the affected population, even at a cost of one dollar per course. Saving Lives, Buying Time: Economics of Malaria Drugs in an Age of Resistance examines the history of malaria treatments, provides an overview of the current drug crisis, and offers recommendations on maximizing access to and effectiveness of antimalarial drugs. The book finds that most people in endemic countries will not have access to currently effective combination treatments, which should include an artemisinin, without financing from the global community. Without funding for effective treatment, malaria mortality could double over the next 10 to 20 years and transmission will intensify.

Fighting Multidrug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and Their Components

Author : Mahendra Rai
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0124017088
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (24 download)

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Book Synopsis Fighting Multidrug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and Their Components by : Mahendra Rai

Download or read book Fighting Multidrug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and Their Components written by Mahendra Rai and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-05-24 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fighting Multidrug Resistance with Herbal Extracts, Essential Oils and their Components offers scientists a single source aimed at fighting specific multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms such as bacteria, protozoans, viruses and fungi using natural products. This essential reference discusses herbal extracts and essential oils used or under investigation to treat MDR infections, as well as those containing antimicrobial activity that could be of potential interest in future studies against MDR microorganisms. The need to combat multidrug-resistant microorganisms is an urgent one and this book provides important coverage of mechanism of action, the advantages and disadvantages of using herbal extracts, essential oils and their components and more to aid researchers in effective antimicrobial drug discovery Addresses the need to develop safe and effective approaches to coping with resistance to all classes of antimicrobial drugs Provides readers with current evidence-based content aimed at using herbal extracts and essential oils in antimicrobial drug development Includes chapters devoted to the activity of herbal products against herpes, AIDS, tuberculosis, drug-resistant cancer cells and more

Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials

Author : Guoqiao Li
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128132116
Total Pages : 736 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials by : Guoqiao Li

Download or read book Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials written by Guoqiao Li and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-11-28 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Artemisinin-Based and Other Antimalarials: Detailed Account of Studies by Chinese Scientists Who Discovered and Developed Them provides a historical and scientific background of the discovery and development of artemisinin, artemisinin derivatives, combination drugs and related chemicals. It is a historical document, a scientific treatise, and a fascinating description of innovative research on new drug development that is carried out under extremely difficult conditions. The book also includes detailed experiments, physical-chemical procedures, practical methodologies and clinical trials. It is a valuable reference for students and researchers in the fields of scientific history, medicine, pharmaceutical science, chemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Presents details of all stages of drug development, including in vitro experiment, animal exploratory studies, animal tests for toxicity, safety and efficacy followed by stages I, II, III and IV, safety and efficacy in human volunteers and patients with malaria Provides many physical-chemical laboratory procedures, such as NMR, MS, HPLC and X-ray diffraction used in drug development Includes practical methodology of clinical trials from many research centers and countries to demonstrate the importance of this discovery

Microwave-assisted Extraction for Bioactive Compounds

Author : Farid Chemat
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461448301
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Microwave-assisted Extraction for Bioactive Compounds by : Farid Chemat

Download or read book Microwave-assisted Extraction for Bioactive Compounds written by Farid Chemat and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With increasing energy prices and the drive to reduce CO2 emissions, food industries are challenged to find new technologies in order to reduce energy consumption, to meet legal requirements on emissions, product/process safety and control, and for cost reduction and increased quality as well as functionality. Extraction is one of the promising innovation themes that could contribute to sustainable growth in the chemical and food industries. For example, existing extraction technologies have considerable technological and scientific bottlenecks to overcome, such as often requiring up to 50% of investments in a new plant and more than 70% of total process energy used in food, fine chemicals and pharmaceutical industries. These shortcomings have led to the consideration of the use of new "green" techniques in extraction, which typically use less solvent and energy, such as microwave extraction. Extraction under extreme or non-classical conditions is currently a dynamically developing area in applied research and industry. Using microwaves, extraction and distillation can now be completed in minutes instead of hours with high reproducibility, reducing the consumption of solvent, simplifying manipulation and work-up, giving higher purity of the final product, eliminating post-treatment of waste water and consuming only a fraction of the energy normally needed for a conventional extraction method. Several classes of compounds such as essential oils, aromas, anti-oxidants, pigments, colours, fats and oils, carbohydrates, and other bioactive compounds have been extracted efficiently from a variety of matrices (mainly animal tissues, food, and plant materials). The advantages of using microwave energy, which is a non-contact heat source, includes more effective heating, faster energy transfer, reduced thermal gradients, selective heating, reduced equipment size, faster response to process heating control, faster start-up, increased production, and elimination of process steps. This book will present a complete picture of the current knowledge on microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of bioactive compounds from food and natural products. It will provide the necessary theoretical background and details about extraction by microwaves, including information on the technique, the mechanism, protocols, industrial applications, safety precautions, and environmental impacts.

Tu Youyou and the Discovery of Artemisinin

Author : Rao Yi
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9813109912
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Tu Youyou and the Discovery of Artemisinin by : Rao Yi

Download or read book Tu Youyou and the Discovery of Artemisinin written by Rao Yi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2016-09-28 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nobel laureate Tu Youyou won the 2015 prize for Medicine/Physiology for the discovery of artemisinin, a drug therapy for malaria that has saved millions across the globe. This book traces the path of discovery beginning with Chairman Mao's 1964 instruction to Chinese researchers to find a cure for malaria, a disease that plagued the military and civilians alike in endemic regions. It chronicles the years of painstaking research to find effective anti-malarial drugs, and how an entry in a collection of traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions gave Tu Youyou the clue which led her to successfully extract artemisinin from the plant, Artemisia annua. Gathering together information from a variety of sources including first-hand accounts, this book describes the contributions of the many organisations, scientists, doctors and countless others who played a part in the process of discovery and clinical testing. It also provides insights into the challenges of carrying out such an extensive research project with limited resources during the upheavals of the Cultural Revolution. An inspirational read for young scientists. Includes the translation of Professor Tu Youyou's 2015 Nobel Lecture.

Artemisia

Author : Colin W. Wright
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0203303067
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (33 download)

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Book Synopsis Artemisia by : Colin W. Wright

Download or read book Artemisia written by Colin W. Wright and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-18 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of this genus, Artemisia examines all aspects of the herbs uses and applications, its mode of action and clinical importance. Following a comprehensive introduction to the genus, the book discusses the botanical, phytochemical and biological aspects of a number of important species of Artemisis. Considering that the discove