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Extrachromosomal Dna
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Book Synopsis Extrachromosomal DNA by : Donald Cummings
Download or read book Extrachromosomal DNA written by Donald Cummings and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extrachromosomal DNA contains the proceedings of the 1979 ICN-UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology held in Keystone, Colorado. Contributors focus on extrachromosomal DNA, paying particular attention to the biogenesis of yeast mitochondria. They discuss topics based on the premise that the diversity and complexity of primitive mitochondrial and perhaps chloroplast DNA structure and replication have more in common with many viral systems than with either prokaryotic or eukaryotic systems. This is especially striking in the case of so-called split genes. This book is organized into nine sections encompassing 34 chapters and begins with an overview of extranuclear genetics and the evolution and regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. The following chapters explore the genetic capacity and structure of chloroplast DNA, viral replication and function, and viral nucleic acids. The possibility of isolating mutants in some intervening sequences and analyzing their effect in loci of known genetic function is demonstrated. The reader is also introduced to the analysis of intervening genes and its importance in yeast mitochondria, as well as the sequencing of a variety of genes of known function. This book also considers the organization, function, and expression of extrachromosomal DNA in yeast, along with the genetics and biogenesis of mitochondrial DNA from higher eukaryotes, and then concludes with a description of the biological and structural characteristics of kinetoplast and Podospora mitochondrial DNA. This book will be of interest to researchers involved in mitochondrial, chloroplast, plasmid, and viral DNA function and replication.
Book Synopsis Extrachromosomal DNA by : Donald J. Cummings
Download or read book Extrachromosomal DNA written by Donald J. Cummings and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Extrachromosomal Elements in Lower Eukaryotes by : Reed Wickner
Download or read book Extrachromosomal Elements in Lower Eukaryotes written by Reed Wickner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Extrachromosomal DNA written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Chromosomal and Extrachromosomal DNA Structures Resulting from Antigen Receptor Gene V-(D)-J Joining by : Donald David Davis (Jr)
Download or read book Chromosomal and Extrachromosomal DNA Structures Resulting from Antigen Receptor Gene V-(D)-J Joining written by Donald David Davis (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reconstructing and Profiling Extrachromosomal DNA by : Jens-Christian Luebeck
Download or read book Reconstructing and Profiling Extrachromosomal DNA written by Jens-Christian Luebeck and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Circular extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) are a genomic lesion occurring in tumors, and represent a foundational, growing frontier in cancer biology. The discovery that focal amplifications exist in multiple topologies and arise by different mechanisms has enabled cancer researchers to study the consequences of different types of focal amplification--revealing that focal amplifications like ecDNA lead to worse patient survival. Consequently, there is an urgent need for bioinformatic methods and tools to study these focal amplifications, particularly ecDNA. This thesis describes novel tools and methods which can be used to study ecDNA, and other focal amplifications. It also demonstrates how those tools and methods can be used to profile focal amplifications across different cancer types, ultimately revealing novel biology about the structure, function and genesis of ecDNA in different contexts. I first present two methods, AmpliconReconstructor (AR) and FaNDOM, which incorporate optical mapping data to resolve the structures of ecDNA and other focal amplifications. AR incorporates both optical mapping and NGS data and builds upon a prior method for ecDNA detection with NGS data, AmpliconArchitect (AA). FaNDOM utilizes optical mapping solely and enables the rapid characterization of large structural variants using assembled OM contigs or individual OM molecules. I also describe the landscape of ecDNA in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, demonstrating that both human and hybrid human-viral ecDNA exist and are associated with distinct patterns of transcriptional splicing. Visualizations of the rearranged ecDNA structures and overlaid transcription-level data reveal the overexpression of genes carried on ecDNA. Lastly, I describe the genesis of ecDNA in Barrett's esophagus, the precursor tissue of esophageal adenocarcinoma. We utilized methods for profiling ecDNA, such as AmpliconClassifier, to demonstrate that ecDNA exist in pre-cancerous tissue, are associated with worse histology, that they are subsequently found again in cancer, and that they tend to undergo positive selection during the malignant transformation. These findings solidify ecDNA as a potent driver of cancer, and not an opportunistic passenger.
Book Synopsis Isolation and Partial Characterization of Extrachromosomal DNA from T̲h̲i̲o̲b̲a̲c̲i̲l̲l̲u̲s̲ by : Marian N. Toth
Download or read book Isolation and Partial Characterization of Extrachromosomal DNA from T̲h̲i̲o̲b̲a̲c̲i̲l̲l̲u̲s̲ written by Marian N. Toth and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plant Transposable Elements by : Jungnam Cho
Download or read book Plant Transposable Elements written by Jungnam Cho and published by Humana. This book was released on 2022-05-11 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume details the most up-to-date technologies used in plant transposable element studies and provides easy-to-follow protocols. Chapters guide readers on available database resources, annotation of different families of transposon, and experimental methods to detect their transposition intermediates, neo-transposed DNAs, and transposition events. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Plant Transposable Elements: Methods and Protocols aims to provide web-lab and dry-lab methodologies targeted at various levels from beginner to experienced.
Book Synopsis Isolation of High Molecular Weight Chromosomal DNA and Extrachromosomal DNA from Gram-positive and Gram-negative Rumen Microorganisms by : Julie Charmaine Frey
Download or read book Isolation of High Molecular Weight Chromosomal DNA and Extrachromosomal DNA from Gram-positive and Gram-negative Rumen Microorganisms written by Julie Charmaine Frey and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Virology written by Roger Hull and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 1119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The seminal text Plant Virology is now in its fifth edition. It has been 10 years since the publication of the fourth edition, during which there has been an explosion of conceptual and factual advances. The fifth edition of Plant Virology updates and revises many details of the previous edition while retaining the important earlier results that constitute the field's conceptual foundation. Revamped art, along with fully updated references and increased focus on molecular biology, transgenic resistance, aphid transmission, and new, cutting-edge topics, bring the volume up to date and maintain its value as an essential reference for researchers and students in the field. Thumbnail sketches of each genera and family groups Genome maps of all genera for which they are known Genetic engineered resistance strategies for virus disease control Latest understanding of virus interactions with plants, including gene silencing Interactions between viruses and insect, fungal, and nematode vectors Contains over 300 full-color illustrations
Book Synopsis Extrachromosomal DNA in Mammalian Cells by : Per Sunnerhagen
Download or read book Extrachromosomal DNA in Mammalian Cells written by Per Sunnerhagen and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Cheating Cell by : Athena Aktipis
Download or read book The Cheating Cell written by Athena Aktipis and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-24 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fundamental and groundbreaking reassessment of how we view and manage cancer When we think of the forces driving cancer, we don’t necessarily think of evolution. But evolution and cancer are closely linked because the historical processes that created life also created cancer. The Cheating Cell delves into this extraordinary relationship, and shows that by understanding cancer’s evolutionary origins, researchers can come up with more effective, revolutionary treatments. Athena Aktipis goes back billions of years to explore when unicellular forms became multicellular organisms. Within these bodies of cooperating cells, cheating ones arose, overusing resources and replicating out of control, giving rise to cancer. Aktipis illustrates how evolution has paved the way for cancer’s ubiquity, and why it will exist as long as multicellular life does. Even so, she argues, this doesn’t mean we should give up on treating cancer—in fact, evolutionary approaches offer new and promising options for the disease’s prevention and treatments that aim at long-term management rather than simple eradication. Looking across species—from sponges and cacti to dogs and elephants—we are discovering new mechanisms of tumor suppression and the many ways that multicellular life-forms have evolved to keep cancer under control. By accepting that cancer is a part of our biological past, present, and future—and that we cannot win a war against evolution—treatments can become smarter, more strategic, and more humane. Unifying the latest research from biology, ecology, medicine, and social science, The Cheating Cell challenges us to rethink cancer’s fundamental nature and our relationship to it.
Download or read book Extrachromosomal DNA written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Papillomaviruses and Human Cancer by : Herbert Pfister
Download or read book Papillomaviruses and Human Cancer written by Herbert Pfister and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-04-05 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gives special reference to papillomaviruses in benign precursor lesions related to genital tumors, plus it provides a basis for a more reproducible evaluation of the pathology of papillomavirus-induced lesions. It deals with the molecular biology of papillomaviruses as it relates to our understanding of viral cell transformation and malignant conversion. Written in a comprehensive, easy-to-read format, this book covers points of medical interest such as diagnosis, therapy, and prospects for vaccination. This fascinating text provides current, state-of-the-art practices for immediate and future medical research. Virologists, microbiologists, and cancer researchers will find this work interesting and resourceful.
Book Synopsis Cancer Being Extra by : Joshua Lange
Download or read book Cancer Being Extra written by Joshua Lange and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In cancer, oncogenes are frequently amplified on extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA), circular acentric DNA fragments ranging from hundreds of kilobases to multiple megabases. Oncogene amplification on ecDNA is associated with extremely high copy number and poor prognosis in patients. However, the specific mechanisms through which ecDNA alter cell behavior and tumor evolution are poorly understood. Here, I report that ecDNA are inherited randomly by daughter cells during mitosis. This breakdown of canonical mendelian inheritance patterns results in significant increases in population and tumor heterogeneity. I further demonstrate that cell lines with ecDNA are able to rapidly alter their distribution of ecDNA copy number to adapt and gain resistance to both environmental and therapeutic challenges. Interestingly, investigations into the behavior of multiple species of ecDNA within individual cells demonstrate that while ecDNA is inherited randomly by daughter cells, different ecDNA species are not inherited independently of each other. Further, I show that ecDNA demonstrates an increased frequency of missegregation into micronuclei during mitosis. Finally, I investigate proteins that may be essential for the maintenance and inheritance of ecDNA. Analysis of gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas identifies several proteins involved in chromosomal segregation and DNA repair and metabolism. I specifically analyze the chromokinesins KIF4A and KIF22 and demonstrate that they may play a significant role in ensuring proper segregation of ecDNA into daughter cells. Taken together, the data presented here clearly demonstrate how the random inheritance of ecDNA at each cell division generates a dynamic and heterogeneous distribution of amplified oncogenes. This enables cancer cells to adapt to and resist environmental and therapeutic pressures more readily. I also describe the behavior of ecDNA during mitosis and identify specific proteins that may be able to be targeted to specifically disrupt the proliferation of ecDNA+ cell lines and tumors.
Book Synopsis Studies Related to the Detection of Extrachromosomal DNA in Selected Strains of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae by : Paul G. Engelkirk
Download or read book Studies Related to the Detection of Extrachromosomal DNA in Selected Strains of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae written by Paul G. Engelkirk and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Extrachromosomal DNA in Streptomyces Aureofaciens by : E. Zelinkov
Download or read book Extrachromosomal DNA in Streptomyces Aureofaciens written by E. Zelinkov and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
