Exports To Improve Labor Markets In The Middle East And North Africa

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Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464819734
Total Pages : 211 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa by : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo

Download or read book Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023-06-26 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), trade liberalization measures have coincided with stable economic growth, and GDP per capita growth has surpassed that of other developing regions. However, MENA's labor-market outcomes--such as average wage levels, informality rate, and female labor force participation--continue to underperform. Why has rising trade failed to produce better labor market outcomes in low- and middle-income countries in the region? 'Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa' focuses on the impact of trade policy on trade-flows and their relationship with local labor market outcomes in three low- and middle-income countries--the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. Given their idiosyncratic labor markets, export diversification, and trade policy history, these three countries other important lessons for economic development in the region. Policy makers and stakeholders can use these findings to design policies to improve the chances that higher trade flows will deliver better labor market outcomes and ensure that the benefits are more equally shared. 'This report, led by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and Raymond Robertson, pushes forward the frontier of knowledge about the relationship between trade and the labor market in MENA. Although focusing on three countries (the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia), it gives us broader lessons on how to solve the apparent puzzle of greater exposure to trade not being followed by greater labor market outcomes in the region. It points out, among other factors, how market segmentation by gender shapes the effects of trade shocks like higher exports. Policy makers in the region will definitely benefit from the evidence and analysis conveyed by the report on how to turn trade integration into a lever for shared prosperity.' --Otaviano Canuto, Senior Fellow at the Policy Center for the New South, and former Vice President of the World Bank 'This timely report attempts to understand why trade expansion did not produce the desired improvements in labor market outcomes in three non-oil-exporting countries in MENA. The main reason for the weak link between trade expansion and widely shared labor market improvements appears to be the segmented nature of labor markets in the three countries, by gender as well as by formality status. In Morocco and Tunisia, the highly segmented labor markets along gender lines, in combination with the concentration of trade in male-dominated capital-intensive sectors, led to few employment benefits accruing to women. In Egypt, the limited impact of trade on formal employment is attributable to the small size of the nation’s export sector and its lack of integration with the rest of the economy. These findings are critical to understanding how barriers to widely shared prosperity can be tackled in the region.' --Ragui Assaad, Professor, Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota

Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781464819728
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (197 download)

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Book Synopsis Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa by : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo

Download or read book Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by . This book was released on 2023-07-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), trade liberalization measures have coincided with stable economic growth, and GDP per capita growth has surpassed that of other developing regions. However, MENA's labor-market outcomes--such as average wage levels, informality rate, and female labor force participation--continue to underperform. Why has rising trade failed to produce better labor market outcomes in low- and middle-income countries in the region? 'Exports to Improve Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa' focuses on the impact of trade policy on trade-flows and their relationship with local labor market outcomes in three low- and middle-income countries--the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. Given their idiosyncratic labor markets, export diversification, and trade policy history, these three countries other important lessons for economic development in the region. Policy makers and stakeholders can use these findings to design policies to improve the chances that higher trade flows will deliver better labor market outcomes and ensure that the benefits are more equally shared. 'This report, led by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and Raymond Robertson, pushes forward the frontier of knowledge about the relationship between trade and the labor market in MENA. Although focusing on three countries (the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia), it gives us broader lessons on how to solve the apparent puzzle of greater exposure to trade not being followed by greater labor market outcomes in the region. It points out, among other factors, how market segmentation by gender shapes the effects of trade shocks like higher exports. Policy makers in the region will definitely benefit from the evidence and analysis conveyed by the report on how to turn trade integration into a lever for shared prosperity.' --Otaviano Canuto, Senior Fellow at the Policy Center for the New South, and former Vice President of the World Bank 'This timely report attempts to understand why trade expansion did not produce the desired improvements in labor market outcomes in three non-oil-exporting countries in MENA. The main reason for the weak link between trade expansion and widely shared labor market improvements appears to be the segmented nature of labor markets in the three countries, by gender as well as by formality status. In Morocco and Tunisia, the highly segmented labor markets along gender lines, in combination with the concentration of trade in male-dominated capital-intensive sectors, led to few employment benefits accruing to women. In Egypt, the limited impact of trade on formal employment is attributable to the small size of the nation's export sector and its lack of integration with the rest of the economy. These findings are critical to understanding how barriers to widely shared prosperity can be tackled in the region.' --Ragui Assaad, Professor, Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota

Unlocking the Employment Potential in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821356784
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis Unlocking the Employment Potential in the Middle East and North Africa by : World Bank

Trade, Investment, and Development in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Dipak Das Gupta
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 9780821355749
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (557 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade, Investment, and Development in the Middle East and North Africa by : Dipak Das Gupta

Download or read book Trade, Investment, and Development in the Middle East and North Africa written by Dipak Das Gupta and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a large potential for expanding trade in the Middle East and North Africa region. This work discusses ways forward for trade integration, capturing the diversity of country experiences within the region without losing the generality of principles involved.

Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa

Author :
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4./5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa by :

Download or read book Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper studies the impact of labor market policies on growth and unemployment in labor-exporting countries in the Middle East and North Africa. The analysis is based on a framework that captures many of the main features of the labor market in these countries. We conduct a variety of policy experiments, including a reduction in payroll taxation, cuts in public sector wages and employment, an increase in employment subsidies, a reduction in trade unions' bargaining power, and a composite reform program. Our key message is that to foster broad-based growth and job creation in the region, labor market reforms must not be viewed in isolation but rather as a component of a comprehensive program of structural reforms.

Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-Exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Pierre-Richard Agenor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-Exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa by : Pierre-Richard Agenor

Download or read book Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-Exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa written by Pierre-Richard Agenor and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agenor, Nabli, Yousef, and Jensen study the impact of labor market policies on growth and unemployment in labor-exporting countries in the Middle East and North Africa. Their analysis is based on a framework that captures many of the main features of the labor market in these countries. The authors conduct a variety of policy experiments, including a reduction in payroll taxation, cuts in public sector wages and employment, an increase in employment subsidies, a reduction in trade unions' bargaining power, and a composite reform program. Their key message is that to foster broad-based growth and job creation in the region, labor market reforms must not be viewed in isolation but rather as a component of a comprehensive program of structural reforms.This paper - a product of the Social and Economic Development Group, Middle East and North Africa Region - is part of a larger effort in the region to understand the impact of labor market reforms on growth and unemployment.

Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 84 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa by : Pierre-Richard Agénor

Download or read book Labor Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Creating Employment in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Mr.E. H. Gardner
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 9781589062320
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Creating Employment in the Middle East and North Africa by : Mr.E. H. Gardner

Download or read book Creating Employment in the Middle East and North Africa written by Mr.E. H. Gardner and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2003-09-05 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The population of the Middle East and North Africa is one of the fastest growing in the world, but jobs have not grown as fast as the region’s workforce. This paper addresses questions such as"Can current GDP growth generate more employment, or will higher GDP growth be required?"and "Will the current pattern of job creation-with much of the region’s workforce employed by the public sector-need to change?"

Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 1464819890
Total Pages : 281 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (648 download)

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Book Synopsis Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa by : Gladys Lopez-Acevedo

Download or read book Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa written by Gladys Lopez-Acevedo and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2023-06-30 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The long-standing informality debate in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region has taken on a new urgency as it looks for a pathway to more socially inclusive growth that is less reliant on fossil fuels. This is occurring against a backdrop of subpar labor market outcomes, further growth setbacks, and deteriorating fiscal and current account deficits in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic--and in the wake of high inflation and supply chain disruptions triggered by the Russian Federation-Ukraine war. 'Informality and Inclusive Growth in the Middle East and North Africa' aims to better understand the characteristics and incentive structure that have led to the prevalence of informal employment in three MENA countries--the Arab Republic of Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia. The report breaks new ground by adopting a comprehensive perspective to focus on the features of, and interrelationships among, different aspects of these countries' institutional landscapes to make sense of the complex incentive structure that workers and firms face when deciding between formal and informal options. Specifically, the report groups these issues in three broad realms: (1) entrepreneur-worker relations, (2) taxes and transfers, and (3) market conditions. 'This report is an extremely welcome addition to the literature on MENA labor markets. By analyzing the incentive structure and institutional factors that have led to the prevalence of informal employment in Egypt, Morocco, and Tunisia, it points the way to policy actions that can be taken to reduce informality and increase social protection for workers. It is a must-read for anyone who cares about greater economic inclusion in MENA.' --Ragui Assaad, Professor, Hubert H. Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota 'A compelling account of the implications of informality in the workforce and how economies of MENA can design appropriate policy responses. This timely report comes amid multiple social reforms in MENA and is a must-read for policy practitioners and economists in the region.' --Karim El Aynaoui, Executive President, Policy Center for the New South 'This report is particularly timely given the negative impact the COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent crises have had on living standards and poverty rates around the world and especially in MENA countries. While the focus on boosting growth and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals has revolved around financing, the report sheds new light on the benefits that tackling informality through institutional, regulatory, and policy changes could present to achieving these goals.' --Mahmoud Mohieldin, Executive Director, International Monetary Fund

Unlocking the Employment Potential in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)

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Book Synopsis Unlocking the Employment Potential in the Middle East and North Africa by : World Bank

Download or read book Unlocking the Employment Potential in the Middle East and North Africa written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For the Middle East and Africa (MENA region), the key to their economic future will be determined by the fate of their indigenous labour markets. The challenge for this part of the world is to create 100 million jobs. Such an objective is hampered by the already prevailing economic conditions. All MENA countries are suffering from high unemployment, which is directly effecting women, the young, and the educated, but at the same time has the fastest growing labour market in the world. This title argues that meeting this employment challenge will require the transformation of the regions societies and economic structures as well as a new development model based on a reinvigorated private sector, greater integration into the world economy, and better management of oil resources. These drivers of future growth and job creation will require, moreover, a foundation of better governance and a new social contract.

Trade Competitiveness of the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Jos R. L pez-C lix
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821380753
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Trade Competitiveness of the Middle East and North Africa by : Jos R. L pez-C lix

Download or read book Trade Competitiveness of the Middle East and North Africa written by Jos R. L pez-C lix and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-07-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, four major developments in global economic integration have shaped trade policy and the economic performance of countries within the Middle East and North Africa region: the emergence of global supply chains, the growth of trade in services, the rise of China and India as major international trading powers, and regional integration. These developments, along with the labor and natural resource endowments of particular countries (some are resource-poor but labor-abundant, some resource-rich and labor-abundant, and some resource-rich and labor-importing), have influenced export diversification outcomes across the region. Yet these countries may not be taking full advantage of all of the opportunities the four new trends offer to them. 'Trade Competitiveness of the Middle East and North Africa: Policies for Export Diversification' examines the region's trade policy agendas and their results by focusing on the countries' response to these four key developments in international trade. As the region recovers from the global financial and economic crises, the book identifies reforms that could allow countries to further strengthen global production networks, benefit more from trade in services, better compete in external markets to face the rise of China and India, and reach the full potential of regional integration. If thoroughly implemented, especially by oil exporters, all of these reforms could help boost growth and job creation in the region.

Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Christopher A. Pissarides
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 22 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa by : Christopher A. Pissarides

Download or read book Labor Markets in the Middle East and North Africa written by Christopher A. Pissarides and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Labor Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Stefanie Brodmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (931 download)

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Book Synopsis Labor Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa by : Stefanie Brodmann

Download or read book Labor Mobility in the Middle East and North Africa written by Stefanie Brodmann and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased labor mobility bears large potential benefits for human development and poverty reduction through various channels including more competitive global labor markets and increased efficiency in the matching of skills supply and demand. Bank support for enhanced and better managed migration can complement broader efforts to reduce poverty and promote human development, similarly to how Bank projects on trade liberalization have helped in reducing market distortions and raise welfare. With Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries becoming increasingly eager to adopt a proactive approach to improve migration outcomes, cross-sectoral Bank teams are well positioned to respond to increasing demand for migration management systems. Labor mobility has proven to be a forceful driver of convergence in living standards. Estimates suggest that gains from the liberalization of migration could surpass welfare gains from trade liberalization. Currently, migration represents the main form of global and regional integration for MENA countries. In the future, increased labor mobility could foster regional economic integration, a recognized priority within the Arab World Initiative (AWI).

Regional Economic Integration in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Mustapha Rouis
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 082139729X
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Regional Economic Integration in the Middle East and North Africa by : Mustapha Rouis

Download or read book Regional Economic Integration in the Middle East and North Africa written by Mustapha Rouis and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-12-11 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the constraints to and opportunities for deepening economic integration within the MENA region and beyond. Trade and investment reform are discussed together with physical connectivity, cross-border trade facilitation, infrastructure networks, and the vital role of logistics.

Breaking the Barriers to Higher Economic Growth

Author : Mustapha Kamel Nabli
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821374168
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Breaking the Barriers to Higher Economic Growth by : Mustapha Kamel Nabli

Download or read book Breaking the Barriers to Higher Economic Growth written by Mustapha Kamel Nabli and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's attention to the countries of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has often been dominated by headline issues: conflict, sanctions, political turmoil, and rising oil prices. Little of this international attention has considered the broad range of development challenges facing this diverse group of countries. Breaking the Barriers reflects the collected thinking of the World Bank's Office of the Chief Economist for the MENA Region on the long-term development challenges facing the region and the reform priorities and strategies for effectively meeting these challenges. It.

Labour Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa

Author : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (249 download)

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Book Synopsis Labour Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa by : Pierre-Richard Agénor

Download or read book Labour Market Reforms, Growth, and Unemployment in Labor-exporting Countries in the Middle East and North Africa written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, January 2011

Author : World Bank
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 082139889X
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)

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Book Synopsis Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, January 2011 by : World Bank

Download or read book Middle East and North Africa Economic Developments and Prospects, January 2011 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The impact of the global financial and economic crisis on the Middle East and North Africa region was relatively mild. Lack of integration and a large public sector helped insulate the region to some extent, but now these and other factors are slowing down the speed of its economic recovery. The report examines the major factors threatening the recovery and those that obstruct long-term growth, especially non-oil export growth, which in net terms contributed little to regional growth during the past decade, with non-oil exports remaining below potential in many countries in the region. The report emphasizes several major areas in need of policy makers\2019 attention, including restrictive trade policies, particularly those affecting trade in services; governance issues linked to uneven application of rules and regulations; inefficient and inflexible labor markets and scarcity of skills, innovation and technological capabilities."--page xi.