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Export Market Dynamics And Plant Level Productivity
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Book Synopsis Export Market Dynamics and Plant-Level Productivity by : John Russel Baldwin
Download or read book Export Market Dynamics and Plant-Level Productivity written by John Russel Baldwin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines how trade liberalization and fluctuations in real exchange rates affect export-market entry/exit and plant-level productivity. It uses the experience of Canadian manufacturing plants over three separate periods that feature different rates of bilateral tariff reductions and differing movements in bilateral real exchange rates. As part of its investigation of entry and exit dynamics, the paper also revisits the question of whether export-market participation leads to better productivity performance.--Document.
Book Synopsis Export Market Dynamics and Plant-Level Productivity by : John R. Baldwin
Download or read book Export Market Dynamics and Plant-Level Productivity written by John R. Baldwin and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this paper, we examine how changes in tariff rates and industry-specific real exchange rates affect the entry/exit process to export markets and productivity growth. Using the experience of the Canadian manufacturing sector over three decades, we find that firms in export markets enjoy faster productivity growth than non-participants. The size of the growth advantage depends on whether real exchange rates are increasing or decreasing. The increase in the value of the Canadian dollar during the post-2000 period almost completely offset the productivity growth advantages enjoyed by new exporters during this period.
Book Synopsis The Dynamics of Exports and Productivity at the Plant Level by : Mahmut Yasar
Download or read book The Dynamics of Exports and Productivity at the Plant Level written by Mahmut Yasar and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This article examines the short-run and long-run dynamics of the export-productivity relationship for Turkish manufacturing industries. We use an error correction model (ECM) estimated using a system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator to achieve this objective. Our results suggest that permanent productivity shocks generate larger long-run export level responses, as compared to long-run productivity responses from permanent export shocks. This result suggests that industrial policy should be geared toward permanent improvements in plant-productivity in order to have sustainable long-run export and economic growth.
Book Synopsis Is "learning-by-exporting" Important? by : Sofronis Clerides
Download or read book Is "learning-by-exporting" Important? written by Sofronis Clerides and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is there any empirical evidence that firms become more efficient after becoming exporters? Do firms that become exporters generate positive spillovers for domestically-oriented producers? In this paper we analyze the causal links between exporting and productivity using firm-level panel data from three semi-industrialized countries. Representing export market" participation and production costs as jointly dependent autoregressive processes, we look for evidence that firms' stochastic cost processes shift when they break into foreign markets. We find that relatively efficient firms become exporters, but firms' unit costs are not affected by previous export market participation. So the well-known efficiency gap between exporters and non-exporters is due to self-selection of the more efficient firms into the export market, rather than learning by exporting. Further, we find some evidence that exporters reduce the costs of breaking into foreign markets for domestically oriented producers, but they do not appear to help these producers become more efficient.
Book Synopsis Improved Access to Foreign Markets Raises Plant-level Produtivity ... for Some Plants by : Alla Lileeva
Download or read book Improved Access to Foreign Markets Raises Plant-level Produtivity ... for Some Plants written by Alla Lileeva and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exporting and Plant-Level Efficiency Gains by : Alvaro Garcia Marin
Download or read book Exporting and Plant-Level Efficiency Gains written by Alvaro Garcia Marin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gains from trade due to exporting can result from the reallocation of resources to more productive producers, or from efficiency increases within exporting firms over time. While there is strong evidence for the former, the latter has received little support in the data. Previous research has documented minuscule or no efficiency gains within exporting plants. This result is derived from revenue productivity measures and thus also reflects variation in prices. Using a census panel of Chilean manufacturing plants, we first show that, in line with the previous results, there is no evidence for within-plant increases in revenue productivity after export entry. We then derive product-plant level marginal cost and use it as an efficiency measure that is not affected by prices. We find that marginal costs drop substantially when plants begin to export - on average by 15-25%. Prices drop by the same order of magnitude (while volume grows). Since new exports initially charge lower prices, revenue productivity measures fail to identify these within-plant efficiency gains from exporting.
Book Synopsis R&D Investment, Exporting, and Productivity Dynamics by : Bee-Yan Aw
Download or read book R&D Investment, Exporting, and Productivity Dynamics written by Bee-Yan Aw and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A positive correlation between productivity and export market participation has been well documented in producer micro data. Recent empirical studies and theoretical analyses have emphasized that this may reflect the producer's other investment activities, particularly investments in R & D or new technology, that both raise productivity and increase the payoff to exporting. In this paper we develop a dynamic structural model of a producer's decision to invest in R & D and participate in the export market. The investment decisions depend on the expected future profitability and the fixed and sunk costs incurred with each activity. We estimate the model using plant-level data from the Taiwanese electronics industry and find a complex set of interactions between R & D, exporting, and productivity. The self- selection of high productivity plants is the dominant channel driving participation in the export market and R & D investment. Both R & D and exporting have a positive direct effect on the plant's future productivity which reinforces the selection effect. When modeled as discrete decisions, the productivity effect of R & D is larger, but, because of its higher cost, is undertaken by fewer plants than exporting. The impact of each activity on the net returns to the other are quantitatively unimportant. In model simulations, the endogenous choice of R & D and exporting generates average productivity that is 22.0 percent higher after 10 years than an environment where productivity evolution is not affected by plant investments.
Book Synopsis Three Essays on Exporting, Firm Dynamics, and Productivity Growth by : Ping Hsuan Fung
Download or read book Three Essays on Exporting, Firm Dynamics, and Productivity Growth written by Ping Hsuan Fung and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Export Market Entry and Exit by : Pekka Ilmakunnas
Download or read book Dynamics of Export Market Entry and Exit written by Pekka Ilmakunnas and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We apply discrete time duration models to explain the duration until new plants start to export and the duration until exit from the export markets, using data on Finnish manufacturing plants. Plants that are large, young, highly productive, and with high-capital intensity are likely to enter the export market earlier and to survive in the export market longer. Foreign ownership increases chances of export entry, especially for small and low human capital plants, and decreases the risk of export failure for large, high-productivity plants. The upper and lower tails of the productivity distribution are represented by plants that start exporting and those that are exiting, respectively.
Book Synopsis Falling Trade Costs, Heterogeneous Firms, and Industry Dynamics by : Andrew B. Bernard
Download or read book Falling Trade Costs, Heterogeneous Firms, and Industry Dynamics written by Andrew B. Bernard and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the response of industries and firms to changes in trade costs. Several new firm-level models of international trade with heterogeneous firms predict that industry productivity will rise as trade costs fall due to the reallocation of activity across plants within an industry. Using disaggregated U.S. import data, we create a new measure of trade costs over time and industries. As the models predict, productivity growth is faster in industries with falling trade costs. We also find evidence supporting the major hypotheses of the heterogenous-firm models. Plants in industries with falling trade costs are more likely to die or become exporters. Existing exporters increase their shipments abroad. The results do not apply equally across all sectors but are strongest for industries most likely to be producing horizontally-differentiated tradeable goods.
Book Synopsis International Trade in East Asia by : Takatoshi Ito
Download or read book International Trade in East Asia written by Takatoshi Ito and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The practice of trading across international borders has undergone a series of changes with great consequences for the world trading community, the result of new trade agreements, a number of financial crises, the emergence of the World Trade Organization, and countless other less obvious developments. In International Trade in East Asia, a group of esteemed contributors provides a summary of empirical factors of international trade specifically as they pertain to East Asian countries such as China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan. Comprised of twelve fascinating studies, International Trade in East Asia highlights many of the trading practices between countries within the region as well as outside of it. The contributors bring into focus some of the region's endemic and external barriers to international trade and discuss strategies for improving productivity and fostering trade relationships. Studies on some of the factors that drive exports, the influence of research and development, the effects of foreign investment, and the ramifications of different types of protectionism will particularly resonate with the financial and economic communities who are trying to keep pace with this dramatically altered landscape.
Book Synopsis Adding Rungs to the Exporting Ladder: Plant Level Exporting Dynamics and Total Factor Productivity Growth by :
Download or read book Adding Rungs to the Exporting Ladder: Plant Level Exporting Dynamics and Total Factor Productivity Growth written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exporting and Plant-level Efficiency Gains by : Alvaro García Marín
Download or read book Exporting and Plant-level Efficiency Gains written by Alvaro García Marín and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there is strong evidence for productivity-driven selection into exporting, the empirical literature has struggled to identify export-related efficiency gains within plants. Previous research typically derived revenue productivity (TFPR), which is downward biased if more efficient producers charge lower prices. Using a census panel of Chilean manufacturing plants, we compute plant-product level marginal cost as an efficiency measure that is not affected by output prices. For export entrant products, we find efficiency gains of 15-25%. Because markups remain relatively stable after export entry, most of these gains are passed on to customers in the form of lower prices, and are thus not reflected by TFPR. These results are confirmed when we use tariffs to predict export entry. We also document very similar results in Colombian and Mexican manufacturing plants. In addition, we find sizeable efficiency gains for tariff-induced export expansions of existing exporters. Only one quarter of these gains are reflected by TFPR, due to a partial rise in markups. Our results thus imply that within-plant gains from trade are substantially larger than previously documented. Evidence suggests that a complementarity between exporting and investment in technology is an important driver behind these gains.
Book Synopsis Exporting Raises Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa Manufacturing Plants by : Johannes Van Biesebroeck
Download or read book Exporting Raises Productivity in Sub-Saharan Africa Manufacturing Plants written by Johannes Van Biesebroeck and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proponents of trade liberalization argue that it will force firms to produce closer to the production possibility frontier and that the frontier will move out faster. In particular, plants that export will achieve a higher productivity level. However intuitive the argument, empirical evidence is meager. This hypothesis is examined by calculating the effect of export status on productivity for a panel of manufacturing plants in nine African countries. The results indicate that exporters in these countries are more productive, replicating a similar finding for developed countries. More importantly, exporters increase their productivity advantage after entry into the export market. While the first finding can be explained by selection--only the most productive firms engage in exporting--the latter cannot. The results are robust when unobserved productivity differences and self-selection into the export market are controlled for using different econometric methods. Scale economies are shown to be an important channel for the productivity advance. Credit constraints and contract enforcement problems prevent plants that only produce for the domestic market to fully exploit scale economies.
Book Synopsis From Firm-Level Imports to Aggregate Productivity by : Mr.JaeBin Ahn
Download or read book From Firm-Level Imports to Aggregate Productivity written by Mr.JaeBin Ahn and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the Korean manufacturing firm-level data, this paper confirms that three stylized facts on importing hold in Korea: the ratio of imported inputs in total inputs tends to be procyclical; the use of imported inputs increases productivity; and larger firms are more likely to use imported inputs. As a result, we find that firm-level import decisions explain a non-trivial fraction of aggregate productivity fluctuations in Korea over the period between 2006 and 2012. Main findings of this paper suggest a possible link between the recent global productivity slowdown and the global trade slowdown.
Book Synopsis Exporting Raises Productivity in Sub-saharan African Manufacturing Plants by : Johannes Van Biesebroeck
Download or read book Exporting Raises Productivity in Sub-saharan African Manufacturing Plants written by Johannes Van Biesebroeck and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proponents of trade liberalization argue that it will force firms to produce closer to the production possibility frontier and that the frontier will move out faster. In particular, plants that export will achieve a higher productivity level. However intuitive the argument, empirical evidence is meager. This hypothesis is examined by calculating the effect of export status on productivity for a panel of manufacturing plants in nine African countries. The results indicate that exporters in these countries are more productive, replicating a similar finding for developed countries. More importantly, exporters increase their productivity advantage after entry into the export market. While the first finding can be explained by selection---only the most productive firms engage in exporting---the latter cannot. The results are robust when unobserved productivity differences and self-selection into the export market are controlled for using different econometric methods. Scale economies are shown to be an important channel for the productivity advance. Credit constraints and contract enforcement problems prevent plants that only produce for the domestic market to fully exploit scale economies.
Book Synopsis Exports and Productivity - Comparable Evidence for 14 Countries by : The International Study Group on Exports and Productivity
Download or read book Exports and Productivity - Comparable Evidence for 14 Countries written by The International Study Group on Exports and Productivity and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors use comparable micro level panel data for 14 countries and a set of identically specified empirical models to investigate the relationship between exports and productivity. The overall results are in line with the big picture that is by now familiar from the literature: Exporters are more productive than non-exporters when observed and unobserved heterogeneity are controlled for, and these exporter productivity premia tend to increase with the share of exports in total sales; there is strong evidence in favour of self-selection of more productive firms into export markets, but nearly no evidence in favour of the learning-by-exporting hypothesis. The authors document that the exporter premia differ considerably across countries in identically specified empirical models. In a meta-analysis of their results the authors find that countries that are more open and have more effective government report higher productivity premia. However, the level of development per se does not appear to be an explanation for the observed cross-country differences.
