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Author : Gotthard Bechmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9783894049348
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (493 download)
Download or read book Expertise and Its Interfaces written by Gotthard Bechmann and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Sabine Maasen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9781402037535
Total Pages : 256 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (375 download)
Download or read book Democratization of Expertise? written by Sabine Maasen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays explores the interface between science and politics using the instruments of social studies of science, and provides new insights into their re-alignment under a new régime of governance that requires participation and accountability.
Author : Gil Eyal
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1509538879
Total Pages : 135 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (95 download)
Download or read book The Crisis of Expertise written by Gil Eyal and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent political debates there has been a significant change in the valence of the word “experts” from a superlative to a near pejorative, typically accompanied by a recitation of experts’ many failures and misdeeds. In topics as varied as Brexit, climate change, and vaccinations there is a palpable mistrust of experts and a tendency to dismiss their advice. Are we witnessing, therefore, the “death of expertise,” or is the handwringing about an “assault on science” merely the hysterical reaction of threatened elites? In this new book, Gil Eyal argues that what needs to be explained is not a one-sided “mistrust of experts” but the two-headed pushmi-pullyu of unprecedented reliance on science and expertise, on the one hand, coupled with increased skepticism and dismissal of scientific findings and expert opinion, on the other. The current mistrust of experts is best understood as one more spiral in an on-going, recursive crisis of legitimacy. The “scientization of politics,” of which critics warned in the 1960s, has brought about a politicization of science, and the two processes reinforce one another in an unstable, crisis-prone mixture. This timely book will be of great interest to students and scholars in the social sciences and to anyone concerned about the political uses of, and attacks on, scientific knowledge and expertise.
Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190848944
Total Pages : 593 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (98 download)
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Expertise and Democratic Politics written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-05-05 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last several decades, there has been a surge of interest in expertise in the social scientific, philosophical, and legal literatures. While it is tempting to attribute this surge of interest in expertise to the emergence and consolidation of a "knowledge society," "post-industrial society," or "network society," it is more likely that the debates about expertise are symptomatic of significant change and upheaval. As the number of contenders for expert status has increased, as the bases for their claims have become more diverse, and as the struggles between these would-be experts intensified, expertise became problematic and contested. In The Oxford Handbook of Expertise and Democratic Politics, Gil Eyal and Thomas Medvetz have brought together a broad group of scholars who have engaged substantively and theoretically with debates regarding the nature of expertise and the social roles of experts to examine these areas within sociology and allied disciplines. The analyses take an historical and relational approach to the topic and are motivated by the sense that growing mistrust in experts represents a danger to democratic politics today. Among the topics considered here are the value and relevance of the boundary between experts and laypeople; the causes and consequences of mistrust in experts; the meanings and social uses of objectivity; and the significance of recent transformations in the organization of the professions. Bringing together investigations from social scientists, philosophers, and legal scholars into the political dimensions of expertise, this Handbook connects interdisciplinary work done in science and technology studies with the more classic concerns, topics, and concepts of sociologists of professions and intellectuals.
Author : Susanne Koch
Publisher : African Books Collective
ISBN 13 : 1928331408
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (283 download)
Download or read book The Delusion of Knowledge Transfer written by Susanne Koch and published by African Books Collective. This book was released on 2016-12-13 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the rise of the knowledge for development paradigm, expert advice has become a prime instrument of foreign aid. At the same time, it has been object of repeated criticism: the chronic failure of technical assistance a notion under which advice is commonly subsumed has been documented in a host of studies. Nonetheless, international organisations continue to send advisors, promising to increase the effectiveness of expert support if their technocratic recommendations are taken up. This book reveals fundamental problems of expert advice in the context of aid that concern issues of power and legitimacy rather than merely flaws of implementation. Based on empirical evidence from South Africa and Tanzania, the authors show that aid-related advisory processes are inevitably obstructed by colliding interests, political pressures and hierarchical relations that impede knowledge transfer and mutual learning. As a result, recipient governments find themselves caught in a perpetual cycle of dependency, continuously advised by experts who convey the shifting paradigms and agendas of their respective donor governments. For young democracies, the persistent presence of external actors is hazardous: ultimately, it poses a threat to the legitimacy of their governments if their policy-making becomes more responsive to foreign demands than to the preferences and needs of their citizens.
Author : Lavinia Bifulco
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 180037738X
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (3 download)
Download or read book Research Handbook on Public Sociology written by Lavinia Bifulco and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engaging with the key debates and issues in a continuously evolving field, Lavinia Bifulco and Vando Borghi bring together contributions from leading social scientists to debate the enduring relevance of public sociology in light of ongoing changes in the social world.
Author : United States. Federal Aviation Administration. Human Factors Team
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (121 download)
Download or read book Report on the Interfaces Between Flightcrews and Modern Flight Deck Systems written by United States. Federal Aviation Administration. Human Factors Team and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : James A. Hendler
Publisher : Intellect Books
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Expert Systems written by James A. Hendler and published by Intellect Books. This book was released on 1988 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text takes a broad view of the work going on in the development of user interfaces for expert systems and examines the expert system building process both in academic and industrial surroundings. The development of an expert system is viewed as containing three separate, but highly interacting components: knowledge capture, programming and debugging the system, and finally placing the system before an active user community. Some of the issues in each of the three components, the application of general human factors principles in the design of expert systems, the special needs in the design of expert systems, and the efficacy of these interfaces.
Author : Jean-Michel Hoc
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134783582
Total Pages : 307 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)
Download or read book Expertise and Technology written by Jean-Michel Hoc and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-06-17 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technological development has changed the nature of industrial production so that it is no longer a question of humans working with a machine, but rather that a joint human machine system is performing the task. This development, which started in the 1940s, has become even more pronounced with the proliferation of computers and the invasion of digital technology in all wakes of working life. It may appear that the importance of human work has been reduced compared to what can be achieved by intelligent software systems, but in reality, the opposite is true: the more complex a system, the more vital the human operator's task. The conditions have changed, however, whereas people used to be in control of their own tasks, today they have become supervisors of tasks which are shared between humans and machines. A considerable effort has been devoted to the domain of administrative and clerical work and has led to the establishment of an internationally based human-computer interaction (HCI) community at research and application levels. The HCI community, however, has paid more attention to static environments where the human operator is in complete control of the situation, rather than to dynamic environments where changes may occur independent of human intervention and actions. This book's basic philosophy is the conviction that human operators remain the unchallenged experts even in the worst cases where their working conditions have been impoverished by senseless automation. They maintain this advantage due to their ability to learn and build up a high level of expertise -- a foundation of operational knowledge -- during their work. This expertise must be taken into account in the development of efficient human-machine systems, in the specification of training requirements, and in the identification of needs for specific computer support to human actions. Supporting this philosophy, this volume *deals with the main features of cognition in dynamic environments, combining issues coming from empirical approaches of human cognition and cognitive simulation, *addresses the question of the development of competence and expertise, and *proposes ways to take up the main challenge in this domain -- the design of an actual cooperation between human experts and computers of the next century.
Author : Mark Williams
Publisher : Apress
ISBN 13 : 1484237420
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (842 download)
Download or read book Expert Twisted written by Mark Williams and published by Apress. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explore Twisted, the Python-based event-driven networking engine, and review several of its most popular application projects. It is written by community leaders who have contributed to many of the projects covered, and share their hard-won insights and experience. Expert Twisted starts with an introduction to event-driven programming, explaining it in the context of what makes Twisted unique. It shows how Twisted's design emphasizes testability as a solution to common challenges of reliability, debugging, and start-to-finish causality that are inherent in event-driven programming. It also explains asynchronous programming, and the importance of functions, deferreds, and coroutines. It then uses two popular applications, treq and klein, to demonstrate calling and writing Web APIs with Twisted. The second part of the book dives into Twisted projects, in each case explaining how the project fits into the Twisted ecosystem and what it does, and offers several examples to bring readers up to speed, with pointers to additional resources for more depth. Examples include using Twisted with Docker, as a WSGI container, for file sharing, and more. What You'll LearnIntegrate Twisted and asyncio using adapters Automate software build, test, and release processes with Buildbot Create clients and servers with Autobahn Transfer files with Magic Wormhole Distribute cloud-based file storage with Tahoe LAFSUnderstand HTTP/2 with Python and Twisted Support for asynchronous tasks using Django Channels Who This Book Is For Readers should have some Python experience and understand the essentials of containers and protocols, but need not be familiar with Twisted or the associated projects covered in the book.
Author : Victor Paashuis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1447136152
Total Pages : 274 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (471 download)
Download or read book The Organisation of Integrated Product Development written by Victor Paashuis and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In todays industries, New Product Development (NPD) is often the focal point of competition. Companies that are able effectively to develop, produce and introduce new products are the key competitors in markets where variety and time-to-market play an increasingly important role. This examination into the organisation of Integrated Product Development aims to answer the question: Which integration mechanisms lead to effective co-ordination and overlap of New Product Development activities in which situations? The mechanisms, strat egies and goals, knowledge and skills, and organisational arrangements are presented, and their impact on the results of NPD projects and relationships is discussed. An in-depth understanding of the background and theory is provided, using detailed case s tudies to illustrate both the human and organisational issues in practice.
Author : Constantine Stephanidis
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1410600939
Total Pages : 755 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (16 download)
Download or read book User Interfaces for All written by Constantine Stephanidis and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-03-30 with total page 755 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: User Interfaces for All is the first book dedicated to the issues of Universal Design and Universal Access in the field of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Universal Design (or Design for All) is an inclusive and proactive approach seeking to accommodate diversity in the users and usage contexts of interactive products, applications, and services, starting from the design phase of the development life cycle. The ongoing paradigm shift toward a knowledge-intensive information society is already bringing about radical changes in the way people work and interact with each other and with information. The requirement for Universal Design stems from the growing impact of the fusion of the emerging technologies, and from the different dimensions of diversity, which are intrinsic to the information society. This book unfolds the various aspects of this ongoing evolution from a variety of viewpoints. It's a collection of 30 chapters written by leading international authorities, affiliated with academic, research, and industrial organizations, and non-market institutions. The book provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field, and includes contributions from a variety of theoretical and applied disciplines and research themes. This book can also be used for teaching purposes in HCI courses at the undergraduate as well as graduate level. Students will be introduced to the human-, organizational-, and technology-oriented dimensions that call for a departure from traditional approaches to user interface development. Students will also get an overview of novel methods, techniques, tools, and frameworks for the design, implementation, and evaluation of user interfaces that are universally accessible and usable by the broadest possible end-user population. This comprehensive book is targeted to a broad readership, including HCI researchers, user interface designers, computer scientists, software engineers, ergonomists and usability engineers, Human Factors researchers and practitioners, organizational psychologists, system/product designers, sociologists, policy- and decision makers, scientists in government, industry and education, as well as assistive technology and rehabilitation experts.
Author : N Heaton
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483157490
Total Pages : 263 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)
Download or read book Designing End-User Interfaces written by N Heaton and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-23 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designing End-User Interfaces: State of the Art Report focuses on the field of human/computer interaction (HCI) that reviews the design of end-user interfaces. This compilation is divided into two parts. Part I examines specific aspects of the problem in HCI that range from basic definitions of the problem, evaluation of how to look at the problem domain, and fundamental work aimed at introducing human factors into all aspects of the design cycle. Part II consists of six main topics—definition of the problem, psychological and social factors, principles of interface design, computer intelligence and interface design, systems aspects of the human/computer interface, and conclusion. This book is recommended for computer designers aiming to understand the user, improve the software and its associated interface, and design hardware that is suitable for use.
Author : J. Cuena
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 9780967335582
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (355 download)
Download or read book Knowledge Engineering and Agent Technology written by J. Cuena and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of Knowledge Engineering and Agent Technology (KEAT) for application development is now recognized as an alternative to conventional software techniques in many application domains. From the background of the IFIP IT&KNOWS conference held in late 1998, this volume aims to discuss the role and the perspectives of domain models and corresponding reasoning processes in the different application fields under a common perspective to create conceptual bases and methods to develop and to improve the use of this type of approach in the context of information technology.
Author : Michael J. Smith
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540733450
Total Pages : 1044 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (47 download)
Download or read book Human Interface and the Management of Information. Methods, Techniques and Tools in Information Design written by Michael J. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-24 with total page 1044 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first of a two-volume set that constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Symposium on Human Interface 2007, held in Beijing, China in July 2007. It covers design and evaluation methods and techniques, visualizing information, retrieval, searching, browsing and navigation, development methods and techniques, as well as advanced interaction technologies and techniques.
Author : Massimiano Bucchi
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134170149
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (341 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Public Communication of Science and Technology written by Massimiano Bucchi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-06-03 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive yet accessible, this key Handbook provides an up-to-date overview of the fast growing and increasingly important area of ‘public communication of science and technology’, from both research and practical perspectives. As well as introducing the main issues, arenas and professional perspectives involved, it presents the findings of earlier research and the conclusions previously drawn. Unlike most existing books on this topic, this unique volume couples an overview of the practical problems faced by practitioners with a thorough review of relevant literature and research. The practical Handbook format ensures it is a student-friendly resource, but its breadth of scope and impressive contributors means that it is also ideal for practitioners and professionals working in the field. Combining the contributions of different disciplines (media and journalism studies, sociology and history of science), the perspectives of different geographical and cultural contexts, and by selecting key contributions from appropriate and well-respected authors, this original text provides an interdisciplinary as well as a global approach to public communication of science and technology.
Author : Mark Maybury
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 9781558604445
Total Pages : 670 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (44 download)
Download or read book Readings in Intelligent User Interfaces written by Mark Maybury and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 1998-04 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a compilation of the classic readings in intelligent user interfaces. This text focuses on intelligent, knowledge-based interfaces, combining spoken language, natural language processing, and multimedia and multimodal processing.
