Experimental Investigations On Particle Number Emissions From Gdi Engines

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Experimental Investigations on Particle Number Emissions from GDI Engines

Author : Markus Bertsch
Publisher : Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH
ISBN 13 : 3832544038
Total Pages : 167 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Experimental Investigations on Particle Number Emissions from GDI Engines by : Markus Bertsch

Download or read book Experimental Investigations on Particle Number Emissions from GDI Engines written by Markus Bertsch and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2016-12-31 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis discusses experimental investigations to reduce particle number emissions from gasoline engines with direct injection. Measures on a single cylinder research engine with combined usage of a particle number measurement system, a particle size distribution measurement system as well as optical diagnostics and thermodynamic analysis enable an in-depth assessment of particle formation and oxidation. Therefore, numerous optical diagnostic techniques for spray visualisation (Mie-scattering, High-Speed PIV) and soot detection (High-Speed-Imaging, Fiber optical diagnostics) are deployed. Two injectors with different hydraulic flows but identical spray-targeting are characterised and compared by measurements in a pressurised chamber. The operation at higher engine load and low engine speed is in the focus of the experimental work at the engine test bench. Thereby, the low flow velocities in the combustion chamber, caused by the low engine speed, as well as the large amount of fuel injected are major challenges for the mixture formation process. A substantial part of the thesis thus focusses on the detailed analysis of the mixture formation process, which is consisting of fuel injection, interaction of the in-cylinder charge motion with the fuel injected and the fuel properties. Measures for the optimisation of the mixture formation process and the minimisation of the particle number emissions are analysed and evaluated. The charge motion is manipulated by the impression of a directed flow, the variation of the valve timings and valve open curve. The injection process is influenced by a reduction of the hydraulic flow of the injector and an increase of the injection pressure up to 50 MPa. The investigations show fundamental effects and potentials of different variation parameters concerning their emissions reduction potential at the exemplary operation at high engine load. Due to the simultaneous analysis of the in-cylinder charge motion and a thermodynamic analysis, the results can be transferred to different engines.

Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines

Author : Thorsten Boger
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768095433
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines by : Thorsten Boger

Download or read book Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines written by Thorsten Boger and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2018-11-28 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For years, diesel engines have been the focus of particulate matter emission reductions. Now, however, modern diesel engines emit less particles than a comparable gasoline engine. This transformation necessitates an introduction of particulate reduction strategies for the gasoline-powered vehicle. Many strategies can be leveraged from diesel engines, but new combustion and engine control technologies will be needed to meet the latest gasoline regulations across the globe. Particulate reduction is a critical health concern in addition to the regulatory requirements. This is a vital issue with real-world implications. Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines encompasses the current strategies and technologies used to reduce particulates to meet regulatory requirements and curtail health hazards - reviewing principles and applications of these techniques. Highlights and features in the book include: Gasoline particulate filter design, function and applications Coated and uncoated three way catalyst design and integration Measurement of gasoline particulate matter emission, both laboratory and PEMS The goal is to provide a comprehensive assessment of gasoline particulate emission control to meet regulatory and health requirements - appealing to calibration, development and testing engineers alike.

Numerical and Experimental Studies on Combustion Engines and Vehicles

Author : Paweł Woś
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1839680326
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (396 download)

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Book Synopsis Numerical and Experimental Studies on Combustion Engines and Vehicles by : Paweł Woś

Download or read book Numerical and Experimental Studies on Combustion Engines and Vehicles written by Paweł Woś and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-11-26 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The matters discussed and presented in the chapters of this book cover a wide spectrum of topics and research methods commonly used in the field of engine combustion technology and vehicle functional systems. This book contains the results of both computational analyses and experimental studies on jet and reciprocating combustion engines as well heavy-duty onroad vehicles. Special attention is devoted to research and measures toward preventing the emission of harmful exhaust components, reducing fuel consumption or using unconventional methods of engine fueling or using renewable and alternative fuels in different applications. Some technical improvements in design and control of vehicle systems are also presented.

Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines

Author : Thorsten Boger
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768094178
Total Pages : 350 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Reducing Particulate Emissions in Gasoline Engines by : Thorsten Boger

Air Pollution and Control

Author : Nikhil Sharma
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811071853
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Air Pollution and Control by : Nikhil Sharma

Download or read book Air Pollution and Control written by Nikhil Sharma and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-13 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on various aspects related to air pollution, including major sources of air pollution, measurement techniques, modeling studies and solution approaches to control. The book also presents case studies on measuring air pollution in major urban areas, such as Delhi, India. The book examines vehicles as a source of air pollution and addresses the quantitative analysis of engine exhaust emissions. Subsequent chapters discuss particulate matter from engines and coal-fired power plants as a major pollutant, as well as emission control techniques using various after treatment systems. The book’s final chapter considers future perspectives and a way forward for sustainable development. It also discusses several emission control techniques that will gain relevance in the future, when stricter emission norms will be enforced for international combustion (IC) engines as well as power plants. Given its breadth of coverage, the book will benefit a wide variety of readers, including researchers, professionals, and policymakers.

Nanoparticle Emissions From Combustion Engines

Author : Jerzy Merkisz
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319159283
Total Pages : 139 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)

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Book Synopsis Nanoparticle Emissions From Combustion Engines by : Jerzy Merkisz

Download or read book Nanoparticle Emissions From Combustion Engines written by Jerzy Merkisz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-19 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on particulate matter emissions produced by vehicles with combustion engines. It describes the physicochemical properties of the particulate matter, the mechanisms of its formation and its environmental impacts (including those on human beings). It discusses methods for measuring particulate mass and number, including the state-of-the-art in Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS) equipment for measuring the exhaust emissions of both light and heavy-duty vehicles and buses under actual operating conditions. The book presents the authors’ latest investigations into the relations between particulate emission (mass and number) and engine operating parameters, as well as their new findings obtained through road tests performed on various types of vehicles, including those using diesel particulate filter regeneration. The book, which addresses the needs of academics and professionals alike, also discusses relevant European regulations on particulate emissions and highlights selected methods aimed at the reduction of particulate emissions from automobiles.

Application of Intelligent Systems in Multi-modal Information Analytics

Author : Vijayan Sugumaran
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3030157407
Total Pages : 1513 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Application of Intelligent Systems in Multi-modal Information Analytics by : Vijayan Sugumaran

Download or read book Application of Intelligent Systems in Multi-modal Information Analytics written by Vijayan Sugumaran and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-29 with total page 1513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the 2019 International Conference on Intelligent Systems Applications in Multi-modal Information Analytics, held in Shenyang, China on February 19-20, 2019. It provides comprehensive coverage of the latest advances and trends in information technology, science and engineering, addressing a number of broad themes, including data mining, multi-modal informatics, agent-based and multi-agent systems for health and education informatics, which inspire the development of intelligent information technologies. The contributions cover a wide range of topics: AI applications and innovations in health and education informatics; data and knowledge management; multi-modal application management; and web/social media mining for multi-modal informatics. Outlining promising future research directions, the book is a valuable resource for students, researchers and professionals, and provides a useful reference guide for newcomers to the field.

Engine Exhaust Particulates

Author : Avinash Kumar Agarwal
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9811332991
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (113 download)

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Book Synopsis Engine Exhaust Particulates by : Avinash Kumar Agarwal

Download or read book Engine Exhaust Particulates written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comparative analysis of both diesel and gasoline engine particulates, and also of the emissions resulting from the use of alternative fuels. Written by respected experts, it offers comprehensive insights into motor vehicle particulates, their formation, composition, location, measurement, characterisation and toxicology. It also addresses exhaust-gas treatment and legal, measurement-related and technological advancements concerning emissions. The book will serve as a valuable resource for academic researchers and professional automotive engineers alike.

Petrodiesel Fuels

Author : Ozcan Konur
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 100034858X
Total Pages : 406 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Petrodiesel Fuels by : Ozcan Konur

Download or read book Petrodiesel Fuels written by Ozcan Konur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-05 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third volume of the handbook presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of petrodiesel fuels. Following the substantial public concerns on the adverse impact of the emissions from petrodiesel fuels on the environment and human health, the research has intensified in the areas related to the reduction of these adverse effects. Thus, bioremediation of spills from crude oils and petrodiesel fuels at sea and soils as well as desulfurization of petrodiesel fuels have emerged as publicly important research areas. Similarly, the emissions from diesel fuel exhausts, due to their adverse effects on both human health and environment, have been researched more in recent years. These emissions cover particulate emissions, aerosol emissions, and NOx emissions. Research on the adverse impact of petrodiesel fuel exhaust emissions on human health has primarily progressed along the lines of respiratory illnesses, cancer, and other illnesses, such as cardiovascular illnesses, brain illnesses, and reproductive system illnesses, through human, animal, and in vitro studies. It is clear that these illnesses caused by the petrodiesel fuel exhaust emissions have been one of the most significant reasons to develop alternative biodiesel fuels. Part IX presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of crude oils covering major research fronts. It covers crude oil spills in general, crude oil spills and their cleanup, properties and removal of crude oils, biodegradation of crude oil-contaminated soils, and crude oil recovery besides an overview paper. Part X presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of petrodiesel fuels in general covering major research fronts. It covers combustion of biodiesel fuels in diesel engines, bioremediation of biodiesel fuel-contaminated soils, biodiesel power generation, and desulfurization of diesel fuels besides an overview paper. Part XI presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of emissions from petrodiesel fuels covering major research fronts. It covers diesel emission mitigation, diesel particulate emissions, and diesel NOx emissions, besides an overview paper. Part XII presents a representative sample of the population papers in the field of the health impact of the emissions from petrodiesel fuels covering major research fronts. It covers respiratory illnesses, cancer, cardiovascular, brain, and reproductive system illnesses, besides an overview paper. This book will be useful to academics and professionals in the fields of Energy Fuels, Public Environmental Occupational Health, Pharmacology, Pharmacy, Immunology, Respiratory System, Allergy, and Oncology. Ozcan Konur is both a materials scientist and social scientist by training. He has published around 200 journal papers, book chapters, and conference papers. He has focused on the bioenergy and biofuels in recent years. In 2018, he edited Bioenergy and Biofuels, which brought together the work of over 30 experts in their respective field. He also edited the Handbook of Algal Science, Technology, and Medicine with a strong section on the algal biofuels in 2020.

Proceedings of SAE-China Congress 2016: Selected Papers

Author : China Society of Automotive Engineers
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981103527X
Total Pages : 664 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Proceedings of SAE-China Congress 2016: Selected Papers by : China Society of Automotive Engineers

Download or read book Proceedings of SAE-China Congress 2016: Selected Papers written by China Society of Automotive Engineers and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-07 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume gathers outstanding papers submitted to the 2016 SAE-China Congress, the majority of which are from China, the biggest car maker as well as most dynamic car market in the world. The book includes insights into the current challenges that the whole industry is currently facing, and it offers possible solutions to problems such as emission controls, environmental pollution, the energy shortage, traffic congestion and sustainable development. It also presents the latest technical achievements in the automotive industry. Many of the approaches it presents can help technicians to solve the practical problems that most affect their daily work.

Computational and Experimental Studies

Author : Y. Villacampa
Publisher : WIT Press
ISBN 13 : 1784663093
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (846 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational and Experimental Studies by : Y. Villacampa

Download or read book Computational and Experimental Studies written by Y. Villacampa and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2018-03-28 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprising specially selected papers on the subject of Computational Methods and Experimental Measurements, this book includes research from scientists, researchers and specialists who perform experiments, develop computer codes and carry out measurements on prototypes. Improvements relating to computational methods have generated an ever-increasing expansion of computational simulations that permeate all fields of science and technology. Validating the results of these improvements can be achieved by carrying out committed and accurate experiments, which have undertaken continuous development. Current experimental techniques have become more complex and sophisticated so that they require the intensive use of computers, both for running experiments as well as acquiring and processing the resulting data. This title explores new experimental and computational methods and covers various topics such as: Computer-aided Models; Image Analysis Applications; Noise Filtration of Shockwave Propagation; Finite Element Simulations.

Injection Technologies and Mixture Formation Strategies For Spark Ignition and Dual-Fuel Engines

Author : Alessandro Ferrari
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 1468603116
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (686 download)

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Book Synopsis Injection Technologies and Mixture Formation Strategies For Spark Ignition and Dual-Fuel Engines by : Alessandro Ferrari

Download or read book Injection Technologies and Mixture Formation Strategies For Spark Ignition and Dual-Fuel Engines written by Alessandro Ferrari and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2022-06-24 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel injection systems and performance is fundamental to combustion engine performance in terms of power, noise, efficiency, and exhaust emissions. There is a move toward electric vehicles (EVs) to reduce carbon emissions, but this is unlikely to be a rapid transition, in part due to EV batteries: their size, cost, longevity, and charging capabilities as well as the scarcity of materials to produce them. Until these isssues are resolved, refining the spark-ignited engine is necessary address both sustainability and demand for affordable and reliable mobility. Even under policies oriented to smart sustainable mobility, spark-ignited engines remain strategic, because they can be applied to hybridized EVs or can be fueled with gasoline blended with bioethanol or bio-butanol to drastically reduce particulate matter emissions of direct injection engines in addition to lower CO2 emissions. In this book, Alessandro Ferrari and Pietro Pizzo provide a full review of spark-ignited engine fuel injection systems. The most popular typologies of fuel injection systems are considered, with special focus on state-of-the-art solutions. Dedicated sections on the methods for air mass evaluation, fuel delivery low-pressure modules, and the specific subsystems for idle, cold start, and warm-up control are also included. The authors pay special attention to mixture formation strategies, as they are a fundamental theme for SI engines. An exhaustive overview of fuel injection technologies is provided, and mixture formation strategies for spark ignited combustion engines are considered. Fuel Injection Systems illustrates the performance of these systems and will also serve as a reference for engineers who are active in the aftermarket, offering detailed information on fuel injection system solutions that are mounted in older vehicles.

Internal Combustion Engines

Author : Institution of Mechanical Engineers
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0857095064
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (57 download)

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Book Synopsis Internal Combustion Engines by : Institution of Mechanical Engineers

Download or read book Internal Combustion Engines written by Institution of Mechanical Engineers and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-11-10 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the papers of the Internal Combustion Engines: Performance fuel economy and emissions conference, in the IMechE bi-annual series, held on the 29th and 30th November 2011. The internal combustion engine is produced in tens of millions per year for applications as the power unit of choice in transport and other sectors. It continues to meet both needs and challenges through improvements and innovations in technology and advances from the latest research. These papers set out to meet the challenges of internal combustion engines, which are greater than ever. How can engineers reduce both CO2 emissions and the dependence on oil-derivate fossil fuels? How will they meet the future, more stringent constraints on gaseous and particulate material emissions as set by EU, North American and Japanese regulations? How will technology developments enhance performance and shape the next generation of designs? This conference looks closely at developments for personal transport applications, though many of the drivers of change apply to light and heavy duty, on and off highway, transport and other sectors. Aimed at anyone with interests in the internal combustion engine and its challenges The papers consider key questions relating to the internal combustion engine

Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power, Volume 4

Author : Krishna Mohan Singh
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819971772
Total Pages : 931 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power, Volume 4 by : Krishna Mohan Singh

Download or read book Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power, Volume 4 written by Krishna Mohan Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 931 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Particulate Emissions from Vehicles

Author : Peter Eastwood
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780470986509
Total Pages : 512 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (865 download)

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Book Synopsis Particulate Emissions from Vehicles by : Peter Eastwood

Download or read book Particulate Emissions from Vehicles written by Peter Eastwood and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public health risks posed by automotive particulate emissions are well known. Such particles are sufficiently small to reach the deepest regions of the lungs; and moreover act as carriers for many potentially toxic substances. Historically, diesel engines have been singled out in this regard, but recent research shows the need to consider particulate emissions from gasoline engines as well. Already implicated in more than one respiratory disease, the strongest evidence in recent times points to particle-mediated cardiovascular disorders (strokes and heart attacks). Accordingly, legislation limiting particulate emissions is becoming increasingly stringent, placing great pressure on the automotive industry to produce cleaner vehicles - pressure only heightened by the ever-increasing number of cars on our roads. Particulate Emissions from Vehicles addresses a field of increased international interest and research activity; discusses the impact of new legislation globally on the automotive industry; and explains new ways of measuring particle size, number and composition that are currently under development. The expert analysis and summary of the state-of-the-art, which encompasses the key areas of combustion performance, measurement techniques and toxicology, will appeal to R&D practitioners and engineers working in the automotive industry and related mechanical fields, as well as postgraduate students and researchers of engine technology, air pollution and life/ environmental science. The public health aspects will also appeal to the biomedical research community.

Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines

Author : F. Zhao
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 008055279X
Total Pages : 129 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines by : F. Zhao

Download or read book Automotive Spark-Ignited Direct-Injection Gasoline Engines written by F. Zhao and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-02-08 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The process of fuel injection, spray atomization and vaporization, charge cooling, mixture preparation and the control of in-cylinder air motion are all being actively researched and this work is reviewed in detail and analyzed. The new technologies such as high-pressure, common-rail, gasoline injection systems and swirl-atomizing gasoline fuel injections are discussed in detail, as these technologies, along with computer control capabilities, have enabled the current new examination of an old objective; the direct-injection, stratified-charge (DISC), gasoline engine. The prior work on DISC engines that is relevant to current GDI engine development is also reviewed and discussed. The fuel economy and emission data for actual engine configurations have been obtained and assembled for all of the available GDI literature, and are reviewed and discussed in detail. The types of GDI engines are arranged in four classifications of decreasing complexity, and the advantages and disadvantages of each class are noted and explained. Emphasis is placed upon consensus trends and conclusions that are evident when taken as a whole; thus the GDI researcher is informed regarding the degree to which engine volumetric efficiency and compression ratio can be increased under optimized conditions, and as to the extent to which unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC), NOx and particulate emissions can be minimized for specific combustion strategies. The critical area of GDI fuel injector deposits and the associated effect on spray geometry and engine performance degradation are reviewed, and important system guidelines for minimizing deposition rates and deposit effects are presented. The capabilities and limitations of emission control techniques and after treatment hardware are reviewed in depth, and a compilation and discussion of areas of consensus on attaining European, Japanese and North American emission standards presented. All known research, prototype and production GDI engines worldwide are reviewed as to performance, emissions and fuel economy advantages, and for areas requiring further development. The engine schematics, control diagrams and specifications are compiled, and the emission control strategies are illustrated and discussed. The influence of lean-NOx catalysts on the development of late-injection, stratified-charge GDI engines is reviewed, and the relative merits of lean-burn, homogeneous, direct-injection engines as an option requiring less control complexity are analyzed.

Automotive Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines

Author : Fuquan Zhao
Publisher : SAE International
ISBN 13 : 0768008824
Total Pages : 372 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (68 download)

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Book Synopsis Automotive Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines by : Fuquan Zhao

Download or read book Automotive Gasoline Direct-Injection Engines written by Fuquan Zhao and published by SAE International. This book was released on 2002-05-15 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the latest global technical initiatives in the rapidly progressing area of gasoline direct injection (GDI), spark-ignited gasoline engines and examines the contribution of each process and sub-system to the efficiency of the overall system. Including discussions, data, and figures from many technical papers and proceedings that are not available in the English language, Automotive Gasoline Direct Injection Systems will prove to be an invaluable desk reference for any GDI subject or direct-injection subsystem that is being developed worldwide.