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Experimental Investigation Of Plasma Assisted Reforming Of Methane I
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Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Plasma Assisted Reforming of Methane II: Start-up by : Leslie Bromberg
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Plasma Assisted Reforming of Methane II: Start-up written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is one of a series of papers evaluating the performance of plasmatron methane reformers. An accompanying paper describes the steady state performance of a plasma-assisted reformer operating with methane under partial oxidation conditions. In this paper, the startup performance of plasmatron methane reformers is described.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Plasma Assisted Reforming of Methane I by : Leslie Bromberg
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Plasma Assisted Reforming of Methane I written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmatron fuel converters have been investigated for the conversion of a wide range of fuels. This paper is one of a series of paper investigating the performance of plasmatron methane reformers. In this paper a systematic experimental investigation is carried out of the reformation of methane in a plasmatron fuel reformer at steady state conditions. The effect upon reformation of flow rate distribution and electrical power level are investigated for a given geometry that has been thoroughly studied with a similar gaseous fuel, propane. Startup issues are investigated in an accompanying paper.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Plasma Assisted Reforming of Propane by : Leslie Bromberg
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Plasma Assisted Reforming of Propane written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmatron fuel converters have been investigated for the conversion of a wide range of fuels. This paper is one of a series of paper investigating the performance of plasmatron reformers. In this paper a systematic experimental investigation is carried out of the reformation of propane in a plasmatron fuel reformer. The effect upon reformation of flow rate distribution and electrical power level are investigated for a given geometry that has been thoroughly studied with a similar gaseous fuel, methane. A limited set of startup experiments with propane are discussed.
Book Synopsis Plasma Assisted Reforming of Methane II by : Leslie Bromberg
Download or read book Plasma Assisted Reforming of Methane II written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmatron fuel converters have been investigated for the conversion of a wide range of fuels. This paper is a series of papers describing an experimental and computational study of plasmatron methane reformers. This paper presents a model that uses limited mixing and chemical kinetics to investigate the plasma assisted reforming of natural gas. The Partially Stirred Reactor (PaSR) model from the software package CHEMKIN is used in the analysis. Comparison with plasmatron methane reforming experiments is made.
Book Synopsis Plasma Assisted Reforming of Methane by : Leslie Bromberg
Download or read book Plasma Assisted Reforming of Methane written by Leslie Bromberg and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasmatron fuel converters have been investigated for the conversion of a wide range of fuels. This paper is one of a series describing an experimental and computational study of plasmatron methane reformers. A simple model using a two step process has been proposed for investigating homogeneous reformation of methane using partial oxidation reactions. In the first step, a fraction of the fuel is combusted, while during the second the rest of the fuel is reformed. The purpose of the simple model is to provide limited understanding of uncatalyzed methane reformation using plasma fuel reformers. The implications of kinetic rates, as well as mixing rates, are explored. This paper describes model and results of simple two step process, used to provide guidance to experiments as well as more sophisticated calculations in an accompanying papers. Comparison with experimental results with a plasmatron methane reformer are also presented.
Book Synopsis Plasma Catalysis by : Annemie Bogaerts
Download or read book Plasma Catalysis written by Annemie Bogaerts and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
Book Synopsis Non-thermal Plasma Discharges for Methane Reforming by : Pablo Diaz Gomez Maqueo
Download or read book Non-thermal Plasma Discharges for Methane Reforming written by Pablo Diaz Gomez Maqueo and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis presents the experimental study of non-thermal plasmas applied to methane reforming at atmospheric pressure. The resulting hydrogen-containing gas is studied as a potential fuel additive to increase chemical reactivity in gas turbine engine conditions. Reactivity control is proposed as a fuel flexibility technology for low calorific fuels and as a mean to operate in low emission conditions such as lean premixed combustion.The experimental section of the thesis is focused on the characterization of pulsed-powered non-thermal discharge plasmas as fuel reformers. The experimental reactor consists of a pin to plane plasma chamber designed to be optically accessible and to isolate the reacting gases from the surrounding air. The applied voltage pulse duration is on the order of 100 ns to prevent thermalization of the plasma channel and to decouple thermal energy from excitation energy delivered by the discharge. When a voltage pulse is applied to the pin electrode, two stable regimes are identified: a diffuse regime with a plasma that occupies most of the inter-electrode volume, and a filamentary regime with constricted spark-like filaments. The first regime operates at a maximum energy per pulse of 1.3 mJ with negligible conversion efficiency. On the contrary, the filamentary regime reaches a maximum energy per pulse of 13.9 mJ with conversion and energy efficiencies of 26.3 % and 19.7 % respectively. Both regimes have gas temperatures estimated to be near 500 K, and there is no correlation with respect to the energy per pulse. The results suggest that the more energetic filamentary regime is not heating the gas, but rather delivering the energy towards better conversion efficiencies.To study the individual contributions of reactant temperature, pulse repetition frequency, and energy per pulse on the reforming performance of the reactor, a new high voltage pulser was developed and a preheating system capable of reaching 800 K was added. Temperature estimations show that varying the energy per pulse has a minimal effect on the temperature of the gas, while increasing the frequency heats the gas up to 777 K. Increasing reactant temperature is shown to have a negligible effect, while increasing the pulse repetition frequency has the strongest effect on conversion and energy efficiency. Additionally, the best performance is observed in partial oxidation, reaching a maximum conversion efficiency of 68.2 % and an energy efficiency of 31.5 %.The obtained results demonstrate the applicability of nanosecond repetitively-pulsed discharges as methane reformers. Capable of producing mixtures with up to 29.7 % hydrogen, these discharges can be used to increase chemical reactivity in gas turbine engine conditions as shown by the numerical simulations. This conversion is not dependent on the reactant temperature, but rather on the total amount of energy deposited by the discharge. Additionally, increasing the repetition frequency of the discharge seems to have the largest increase in efficiency, pointing towards future optimization of plasma-assisted fuel reforming technologies." --
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Methane Reformer with a Continuous Flow Reactor by : Xiao Zhang (Ph.D.)
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Methane Reformer with a Continuous Flow Reactor written by Xiao Zhang (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the decades, seeking for an alternative energy source has been more and more significant because of increasing demand with rapid industry expansion. Liquid hydrocarbon from Fischer-Tropsch process is considered as an alternative fuel source because the product is considered as subtle for petroleum-derived. Syngas as feedstock for F-T process plays a crucial role in liquid hydrocarbon production. Among several commercial and experiment technologies, the most common technology for syngas production is natural gas reforming. The product from reforming process has proper carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio for direct application in F-T synthesis. Meanwhile, combined carbon dioxide into reforming reaction has attracted more and more attention in recent studies, which has great potential to help reduce emission of greenhouse gas. However, the main challenge for reforming process is to maintain reaction for a long period running. In this study, a lab-scale reactor is designed and evaluated to achieve high efficiency for 2 types of reforming reaction, steam reforming and dry reforming. For this reactor, methane, the main content of natural gas, was used as reactant gas in the reactor for progressive understanding of reforming. The Nickel based catalyst supported by SiO2 is preloaded and fixed in the catalyst zone of reactor. The selection and preparation for catalyst and support has been discussed in this study. For Steam Methane Reforming reaction, experimental work is conducted under Steam/Carbon ratio from 1 to 4, temperature range from 700 ̊C to 800 ̊C. Methane is fed to the reactor at flow rate 55 sccm at 1 atm pressure, where experimental conversion data were obtained. The conversion rate of methane is calculated as a standard for evaluation of reactor efficiency. As part of Fischer-Tropsch process, the quality of gas production is evaluated by H2/CO ratio. The catalyst is examined by XRD and EDAX spectrum for carbon formation test. For Dry Methane Reforming reaction, experiment is conducted under a temperature range from 500 ̊ C to 700 ̊ C with molar ratio of CH4/CO2 1. The total flow rate for mixture gas is 65 sccm. The conversion rates for both methane and carbon dioxide are calculated. The product quality is examined by H2/CO ratio. The catalyst stability test is conducted in a high carbon intensity with a CO2/CH4 ratio 4 at 700 ̊ C and total flow rate 65 sccm. The catalyst is separately characterized in 3 different phases by SEM and XRD technology to identify carbon deposition. The results from experiments state that the reactor is able to convert methane to syngas with high efficiency and high tolerance for carbon deposition at high temperature environment. COMSOL software is applied for reforming reaction process simulation, and the results from simulation support the statement from experiment.
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Plasma and Energy Conversion by : Zhi Fang
Download or read book Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Plasma and Energy Conversion written by Zhi Fang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plasma Chemistry and Gas Conversion by : Nikolay Britun
Download or read book Plasma Chemistry and Gas Conversion written by Nikolay Britun and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-12-19 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-temperature non-equilibrium gaseous discharges represent nearly ideal media for boosting plasma-based chemical reactions. In these discharges the energy of plasma electrons, after being received from the electromagnetic field, is transferred to the other degrees of freedom differently, ideally with only a small part going to the translational motion of heavy gas particles. This unique property enables the important application of non-equilibrium plasmas for greenhouse gas conversion. While the degree of discharge non-equilibrium often defines the energetic efficiency of conversion, other factors are also of a great importance, such as type of discharge, presence of plasma catalysis, etc. This book is focused on the recent achievements in optimization and understanding of non-equilibrium plasma for gas conversion via plasma modeling and experimental work.
Book Synopsis The Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference of China Electrotechnical Society by : Qingxin Yang (Electrial engineers)
Download or read book The Proceedings of the 18th Annual Conference of China Electrotechnical Society written by Qingxin Yang (Electrial engineers) and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024 with total page 884 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zusammenfassung: This book gathers outstanding papers presented at the 18th Annual Conference of China Electrotechnical Society, organized by China Electrotechnical Society (CES), held in Nanchang, China, from September 15 to 17, 2023. It covers topics such as electrical technology, power systems, electromagnetic emission technology, and electrical equipment. It introduces the innovative solutions that combine ideas from multiple disciplines. The book is very much helpful and useful for the researchers, engineers, practitioners, research students, and interested readers
Book Synopsis Methane Activation and Utilization in the Petrochemical and Biofuel Industries by : Hua Song
Download or read book Methane Activation and Utilization in the Petrochemical and Biofuel Industries written by Hua Song and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-15 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses effective and alternative uses for natural gas (NG) and highlights the utilization of NG in the field of methane activation and chemical production. It details the techniques used during the reforming process of petrochemical and bio-derived fuels and it presents cutting-edge research that describes the utilization of NG that enables it to be more cost-effective and eliminate the expensive greenhouse gas emitting process of hydrogen production. The book addresses three major topics: NG use in upstream heavy oil and bitumen upgrading, NG and its use in downstream oil refining through co-aromatization of various feeds in the petrochemical industry, and NG use in the upgrading of bio-derived fuels and discusses alternative uses of NG. In-depth chapters demonstrate uses for NG beyond heating homes, through catalysis and in-situ hydrogen donation, and its potential applications for the petrochemical and biofuel industries.
Download or read book Methane Conversion written by D.M. Bibby and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1988-03-01 with total page 759 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proceedings volume comprises the invited plenary lectures, contributed and poster papers presented at a symposium organised to mark the successful inauguration of the world's first commercial plant for production of gasoline from natural gas, based on the Mobil methanol-to-gasoline process. The objectives of the Symposium were to present both fundamental research and engineering aspects of the development and commercialization of gas-to-gasoline processes. These include steam reforming, methanol synthesis and methanol-to-gasoline. Possible alternative processes e.g. MOGD, Fischer-Tropsch synthesis of hydrocarbons, and the direct conversion of methane to higher hydrocarbons were also considered.The papers in this volume provide a valuable and extremely wide-ranging overview of current research into the various options for natural gas conversion, giving a detailed description of the gas-to-gasoline process and plant. Together, they represent a unique combination of fundamental surface chemistry catalyst characterization, reaction chemistry and engineering scale-up and commercialization.
Book Synopsis Plasma-assisted Dry Reforming of Methane in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) by : Flora Uwadiegwu
Download or read book Plasma-assisted Dry Reforming of Methane in a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) written by Flora Uwadiegwu and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Topics on conversion and utilization of methane and carbon dioxide are imperative as they tackle global warming effects from the two greenhouse gases (GHGs). Non-thermal plasma processes have been proposed as an efficient means to reform both gases as they have the advantage of realizing thermodynamically unfavorable reactions due to their unique non-equilibrium properties. Non-thermal processes also overcome the drawback of the high temperature required by conventional catalytic processes. In this work, an AC dielectric-barrier discharge (DBD) was used for the activation of methane and carbon dioxide to produce syngas. The effect of operating parameters such as CH4/CO2 mole ratio and feed gas flow rate on the performance of the plasma process were investigated in terms of the conversion of feed gas, product selectivity and energy conversion efficiency. The results show that the energy efficiency using a DBD is comparable with other dielectric-barrier discharges and even slightly higher but still relatively lower than that of the gliding arc primarily due to its smaller discharge volume." --
Book Synopsis Advances in Synthesis Gas: Methods, Technologies and Applications by : Mohammad Reza Rahimpour
Download or read book Advances in Synthesis Gas: Methods, Technologies and Applications written by Mohammad Reza Rahimpour and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-10-18 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Synthesis Gas: Methods, Technologies and Applications: Syngas Production and Preparation is a collection of various chapters concerning many aspects of syngas production technologies, including common methods like gasification, steam/dry/autothermal reforming, membrane technology, etc., along with novel methods like plasma technology, micro-reactors, electrolysis processes as well as photocatalytic systems. In addition, different sources for producing syngas, including oil, crude oil, heavy oil, microalgae, black liquor, tar and bitumen, as well as municipal, agricultural, food, plastic, wood and cardboard wastes are described in detail. Introduces syngas characteristics and its properties Describes various methods and technologies for producing syngas Discusses syngas production from different roots and feedstocks
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation Into Plasma-Assisted Lean Prevaporized Non-Premixed Ignition by : Tyler R Hatch
Download or read book Experimental Investigation Into Plasma-Assisted Lean Prevaporized Non-Premixed Ignition written by Tyler R Hatch and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Generation from Ethanol using Plasma Reforming Technology by : JianHua Yan
Download or read book Hydrogen Generation from Ethanol using Plasma Reforming Technology written by JianHua Yan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of hydrogen production from renewable resources such as ethanol using plasma or plasma-catalytic technologies. Further, it presents a balanced and comprehensive treatment of the core principles, novel plasma reactors and diagnostics, as well as state-of-the-art plasma energy applications. It brings together technological advances and research on plasma generators and their application in hydrogen production, including plasma-assisted alcohol reforming technology, plasma-catalytic alcohol reforming technology, the alcohol reforming mechanism, models of alcohol reforming for hydrogen production, the energy balance of hydrogen production from ethanol, and a comparison of alcohol reforming assisted by different plasma treatment systems. As such, it offers a valuable reference guide for scientists, engineers and graduate students in the fields of energy and environment, plasma physics and chemistry.
