Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Experimental And Analytical Investigations On The Effects Of Live Load On The Seismic Performance Of A Highway Bridge
Download Experimental And Analytical Investigations On The Effects Of Live Load On The Seismic Performance Of A Highway Bridge full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Experimental And Analytical Investigations On The Effects Of Live Load On The Seismic Performance Of A Highway Bridge ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Experimental and Analytical Investigations on the Effects of Live Load on the Seismic Performance of a Highway Bridge by : Hartanto Wibowo
Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Investigations on the Effects of Live Load on the Seismic Performance of a Highway Bridge written by Hartanto Wibowo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 1572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current bridge design specifications have few requirements concerning the inclusion of live load in the seismic design of bridges for perhaps two reasons: 1) the likelihood of the full design live load occurring at the same time as the design earthquake is deemed to be very low, and 2) adverse behavior in an earthquake due to live load has not been observed in practice. However, with increasing congestion in major cities, the occurrence of the design earthquake at the same time as the design live load is now more likely than in the past. But little is known about the effect of live load on seismic response and this dissertation describes an experimental and analytical project that investigates this behavior. The experimental work included shake table testing of a 2/5th -scale model of a three-span, horizontally curved, steel girder bridge loaded with a series of representative trucks. The model spanned four shake tables each synchronously excited with scaled ground motions from the 1994 Northridge Earthquake. Observations from the experimental work show the presence of the live load had a beneficial effect on performance of this bridge, but this effect diminished with increasing amplitude of shaking. During the design earthquake, the bridge with live load was essentially elastic whereas the bridge without live load suffered some yielding and the maximum displacement at the top of the column was approximately 35% less in the live load case. Parameters used to measure performance included column displacement, abutment shear force, and degree of concrete spalling in the plastic hinge zones. Results obtained from nonlinear finite element analyses of the bridge with and without trucks confirm this behavior, that live load reduces the dynamic response of the bridge. The most likely explanation for this phenomenon is that the trucks act as a set of nonlinear multiple mass dampers, a variation of tuned mass dampers that are known to be effective at controlling wind vibrations in buildings. Parameter studies have also been conducted and show the above beneficial effect is generally true for other earthquake ground motions and vehicles with different dynamic properties. Exceptions exist, but adverse effects are usually within 10-15% of the no-live load case. Although the above results were obtained for a particular bridge, earthquake loading, and vehicle configuration, they may also apply to other bridges. Further work is required to confirm this observation.
Book Synopsis Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Live Load Distribution on Slab Highway Bridges by : Husam H. Muhsen
Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Live Load Distribution on Slab Highway Bridges written by Husam H. Muhsen and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Seismic Bridge-abutment Interaction in a Curved Highway Bridge by : Joseph Wieser
Download or read book Experimental and Analytical Investigation of Seismic Bridge-abutment Interaction in a Curved Highway Bridge written by Joseph Wieser and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 1040 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seat-type bridge abutments are most commonly used to support the end spans of curved highway bridges. This type of abutment is often selected to eliminate unbalanced stresses in the superstructure under service loads, in particular thermal expansion and contraction. However, depending on the width of the expansion gap, large earthquakes may cause the expansion gap to close which results in bridge-abutment interaction. This phenomenon was studied in a federally-funded research project examining the seismic performance of curved highway bridges at the University of Nevada, Reno. As a part of this research a 2/5 th scale model of a 3-span curved steel girder bridge was constructed on four multi-degree-of-freedom shake tables. Two configurations of the bridge one without bridge-abutment interaction and one with nonlinear bridge-abutment interaction were tested. The purpose of these tests was to: (i) identify the influence of bridge-abutment interaction on the global seismic response of the bridge, (ii) characterize the force-deformation characteristics of dynamic bridge-abutment interaction, and (iii) provide experimental data used to calibrate numerical models of bridges including bridge abutment interaction. Based on the experimental investigation it was concluded that bridge-abutment interaction shortens the effective period of vibration of the bridge, which results in decreased deck displacement and increased total base shear demands. However, the increase in base shear demand is resisted by the abutments which results in a net reduction in column shear demand. Though the deck displacement is reduced at the mid-span of the bridge, the active displacement of the deck at the abutments is increased due to the increased in-plane deck rotation generated as a result of the sudden changes in eccentricity between the center of mass and center of stiffness. The amount of in-plane rotation is shown to depend on the phasing and intensity of the ground motion. Interaction between the bridge and abutment backwall can generate significant radial shear forces through contact friction. These radial forces limit the radial displacement of the bridge while in contact with the backwall particularly after the radial shear keys have failed. However, depending on the details of the abutment backwall local damage may occur. In general, engaging the passive resistance of the backfill soil was able to improve the seismic response of the bridge by reducing damage to the columns and adding an additional form of energy dissipation. Both rigorous 3D finite element and simplified grillage models of the experimental model were validated using available software. Good agreement between the numerical models and the experimental data were obtained using both models however the computational effort was greatly reduced using the simplified grillage model. A grossly simplified 3DOF model of the bridge analyzed using the linear multi-modal response spectrum method was shown to give a prediction of the peak displacement response with minimal complexity. Finally, a parameter study determined that the degree of curvature, size of expansion gap, column diameter, and abutment backfill soil type all influence the response of the bridge. Based on the small scale parameter study conducted herein, bridge designers are encouraged to optimize the combination of expansion gap width with the selection of column diameter to minimize the column and/or abutment soil ductility demands.
Book Synopsis Next Generation of Bridge Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction in High Seismic Zones by : Mostafa Tazarv
Download or read book Next Generation of Bridge Columns for Accelerated Bridge Construction in High Seismic Zones written by Mostafa Tazarv and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Longitudinal bar debonding allowed spread of yielding and prevented premature failure of reinforcements in UHPC-filled duct connections and grouted coupler column pedestal. The SMA-reinforced ECC column showed superior seismic performance compared to a conventional column in which the plastic hinge damage was limited to only ECC cover spalling even under 12% drift ratio cycles. The column residual displacements were 79% lower than CIP residual displacements on average due to the superelastic NiTi SMA longitudinal reinforcement, and higher base shear capacity and higher displacement capacity were observed. The analytical modeling methods were simple and sufficiently accurate for general design and analyses of precast components proposed in the present study. The proposed symmetrical material model for reinforcing NiTi superelastic SMA was found to be a viable alternative to the more complex asymmetrical model.
Book Synopsis FHWA Nationally Coordinated Program of Highway Research, Development, and Technology. Annual Progress Report. Fiscal Year 1991 by :
Download or read book FHWA Nationally Coordinated Program of Highway Research, Development, and Technology. Annual Progress Report. Fiscal Year 1991 written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reliability and Safety of Cable-Supported Bridges by : Naiwei Lu
Download or read book Reliability and Safety of Cable-Supported Bridges written by Naiwei Lu and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-06-17 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridge design and construction technologies have experienced remarkable developments in recent decades, and numerous long-span bridges have been built or are under construction all over the world. Cable-supported bridges, including cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges, are the main type of these long-span bridges, and are widely used in highways crossing gorges, rivers, and gulfs, due to their superior structural mechanical properties and beautiful appearance. However, cable-supported bridges suffer from harsh environmental effects and complex loading conditions, such as heavier traffic loads, strong winds, corrosion effects, and other natural disasters. Therefore, the lifetime safety evaluation of these long-span bridges considering the rigorous service environments is an essential task. Features: Presents a comprehensive explanation of system reliability evaluation for all aspects of cable-supported bridges. Includes a comprehensive presentation of the application of system reliability theory in bridge design, safety control, and operational management. Addresses fatigue reliability, dynamic reliability and seismic reliability assessment of bridges. Presents a complete investigation and case study in each chapter, allowing readers to understand the applicability for real-world scenarios. Reliability and Safety of Cable-Supported Bridges provides a comprehensive application and guidelines for system reliability techniques in cable-supported bridges. Serving as a practical educational resource for both undergraduate and graduate level students, practicing engineers, and researchers, it also intends to provide an intuitive appreciation for probability theory, statistical methods, and reliability analysis methods.
Book Synopsis Preliminary Seismic Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns for Curved Bridge Experiments by : Nathan W. Harrison
Download or read book Preliminary Seismic Analysis and Design of Reinforced Concrete Bridge Columns for Curved Bridge Experiments written by Nathan W. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) sponsored research project to study highway system resilience, a 40 percent scale curved steel plate girder bridge is to be constructed and subjected to earthquake simulation at the Large Scale Structures Laboratory on the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) campus. The 145 foot long bridge model is to have three-spans, supported on two single-column bents with hammer-head pier caps, and have a subtended angle of 104°. The purpose of the shake table testing is to study the seismic system behavior of the bridge as well as additional bridge components including; conventional columns, isolation, ductile-cross frames, abutment behavior, and the seismic behavior of bridges including the effects of live load. Ultimately design recommendations will be developed from this research. The research presented in this document is the results of preliminary analysis and design of conventional reinforced concrete bridge columns and substructure elements as part of the larger project to examine global seismic behavior of the scaled bridge model. In order to prepare for seismic testing of the scaled bridge model, extensive pre-experimental numerical analysis was performed. Finite element models were developed using SAP2000 and non-linear time-history analysis was performed to investigate the seismic response of the bridge model. Analytical bridge models were analyzed using both 16-inch and 20-inch column diameters and various abutment support conditions. The models were subjected to two levels of horizontal bidirectional earthquake excitation representing a design level earthquake and a large amplitude earthquake intended to cause column failure. Using the results from the analysis, preliminary construction plans were prepared for one set of columns and the adjacent substructure components using the provisions from the AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design. In addition to the investigation into column performance, a parametric study was performed to determine axial response of the bearings at both the abutments and piers when subjected to seismic loading. The numerical analysis showed that system effects due to superstructure-substructure interaction can cause column flexural response that is typically not observed with stand-alone column tests. The effects of bridge horizontal curvature was shown to have a significant impact on the axial performance of the bearings in which the response was not uniform for all bearing at one support location. As a component of the analysis and design, two strut-and-tie models were developed to provide adequate joint detailing in order to ensure capacity protection of the column-to-bentcap connection under multiple cycles of seismic loading.
Book Synopsis Structural Seismic and Civil Engineering Research by : Ankit Garg
Download or read book Structural Seismic and Civil Engineering Research written by Ankit Garg and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-04-12 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Structural Seismic and Civil Engineering focuses on civil engineering research, anti-seismic technology and engineering structure. These proceedings gather the most cutting-edge research and achievements, aiming to provide scholars and engineers with preferable research directions and engineering solutions as reference. Subjects in these proceedings include: Engineering Structure Materials of Civil Engineering Structural Seismic Resistance Monitoring and Testing The works in these proceedings aim to promote the development of civil engineering and earthquake engineering. Thereby, promoting scientific information interchange between scholars from top universities, research centers and high-tech enterprises working all around the world.
Book Synopsis Parametric Study on the Seismic Performance of Typical Highway Bridges in Canada by : Yuling Gao
Download or read book Parametric Study on the Seismic Performance of Typical Highway Bridges in Canada written by Yuling Gao and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthquakes are one of the main natural hazards that have caused devastations to bridges around the world. Given the observations from past earthquakes, substantial analytical and experimental research work related to bridges has been undertaken in Canada and other countries. The analytical research is focussed primarily on the prediction of the seismic performance of existing bridges. It includes bridge-specific investigations which are mainly conducted using deterministic approach, and investigations of bridge portfolios which are based on probabilistic approach. In both cases, nonlinear time-history analyses are extensively used. To conduct analysis on a given bridge, analytical (i.e., computational) model of the bridge is required. It is known that the seismic response predictions depend greatly on the accuracy of the input of the modeling parameters (or components) considered in the bridge model. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of the uncertainties of a number of modeling parameters on the seismic response of typical highway bridges. The parameters considered include the superstructure mass, concrete compressive strength, yield strength of the reinforcing steel, yield displacement of the bearing, post-yield stiffness of the bearing, plastic hinge length, and damping. For the purpose of examination, two typical reinforced concrete highway bridges located in Montreal were selected. Three-dimensional (3-D) nonlinear model the bridge was developed using SAP2000. The effects of the uncertainty of each parameter mentioned above were investigated by conducting time-history analyses on the bridge model. In total, 15 records from the earthquakes around the world were used in the time-history analysis. The response of the deck displacement, bearing displacement, column displacement, column curvature ductility, and moment at the base of the column was considered to assess the effect of the uncertainty of the modeling parameter on the seismic response of the bridge. Recommendations were made for the use of these modeling parameters on the evaluation of the seismic performance of bridges.
Book Synopsis Preliminary Experimental Study on the Effect of Live Load on the Seismic Response of Highway Bridges by : Danielle Margaret Sanford
Download or read book Preliminary Experimental Study on the Effect of Live Load on the Seismic Response of Highway Bridges written by Danielle Margaret Sanford and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Allowed to Uplift During Multi-Directional Excitation by : Andres Oscar Espinoza
Download or read book Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Allowed to Uplift During Multi-Directional Excitation written by Andres Oscar Espinoza and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Bridges Allowed to Uplift During Multi-Directional Excitation by Andres Oscar Espinoza Doctor of Philosophy in Engineering - Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California, Berkeley Professor Stephen A. Mahin, Chair The behavior of bridges subjected to recent moderate and large earthquakes has led to bridge design detailed for better seismic performance, particularly through wider bridge foundations to handle larger expected design forces. Foundation uplift, which is not employed in conventional bridge design, has been identified as an important mechanism, in conjunction with structural yielding and soil-structure interaction that may dissipate energy during earthquakes. Preventing uplift through wider foundations looks past the technical and economical feasibility of allowing foundation uplift during seismic events. The research presented in this thesis is part of a larger experimental and analytical investigation to develop and validate design methods for bridge piers on shallow foundations allowed to uplift during seismic events. Several analytical and some experimental studies have been performed to assess rocking and or uplift of shallow foundation systems, however they have evaluated systems with a limited range of footing dimensions and seismic excitations. As such, there is an uncertainty in the information needed to base a performance evaluation and develop design methods. The purpose of this study is to investigate, through experimental and analytical studies, the seismic performance of uplifting bridge piers on shallow foundations when considering different ground motions and footing dimensions. As well as to identify key differences in performance evaluation criteria for conventional and uplifting bridge pier systems. The experimental study dynamically tested a single reinforced concrete bridge column specimen with three adjustable footing configurations grouped by footing dimension, and tested for various combinations of one, two, and three components of seismic excitation. Groups one and two evaluated uplifting systems where the column was limited to elastic loading levels while group three considered inelastic column loading levels. All test groups remained stable and exhibited some rocking and or uplift during testing. Analytical models were developed and validated using the experimental testing results to predict local and global footing and column response. Reliable estimates of forces and displacements during elastic and inelastic response were achieved. To assess the seismic performance of a range of bridge pier systems allowed to uplift a parametric investigation using the validated analytical models was performed in which the column was modeled per conventional design criteria to ensure adequate strength and flexural ductility. The parameters varied include footing width, ground motion excitation, and elastic or inelastic column response. Response of the uplifting bridge pier systems was found to be sensitive to the structural periods, magnitude of excitation, and footing width.
Book Synopsis Seismic Response of Columns in Horizontally Curved Bridges by : Michael John Levi
Download or read book Seismic Response of Columns in Horizontally Curved Bridges written by Michael John Levi and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 1290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As part of a FHWA sponsored research project to study highway system resilience, a two-fifths scale curved steel plate girder bridge was constructed and subjected to earthquake simulation at the Large Scale Structures Laboratory at the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR). The objective of this simulation was to study the seismic system behavior of the bridge as well as additional components including reinforced concrete columns, effects of live load, isolation systems, ductile-cross frames, and abutment behavior. Ultimately design recommendations will be developed from this research. The research that is presented in this document is the results of the design, analysis, and experimental results of the conventional bridge columns and substructure elements as part of the research being conducted at UNR. The design of the substructure elements was completed according to the requirements of the AASHTO Guide Specifications for LRFD Seismic Bridge Design. In addition, the column design was based on the typical column sizes used by the local departments of transportation. The Sylmar recording of the 1994 Northridge, California earthquake was used as the input ground motion in the system. Analytical modeling using SAP2000 was performed on the scaled bridge model to estimate the seismic response of the bridge using non-linear time-history analysis. Numerical analysis was used to check the system at the design level earthquake and at a large amplitude motion intended to cause column failure. In addition, the analytical models were subjected to the testing protocol, ten ground motions with increasing amplitudes, to determine the effect of the loading protocol on the system. The response of the columns during experimental testing met all performance requirements at the design level and maximum considered earthquakes. The effects of shear keys in the system were shown to have an impact on the torsional loads in the system. At the end of the last test, longitudinal reinforcement started buckling in the columns, however; columns had not reached the maximum lateral capacity. Testing was stopped at this point due to shake table limitations.
Author :National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board Publisher :Trb ISBN 13 : Total Pages :116 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis Earthquake-induced Dynamic Response of Bridges and Bridge Measurements by : National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board
Download or read book Earthquake-induced Dynamic Response of Bridges and Bridge Measurements written by National Research Council (U.S.). Transportation Research Board and published by Trb. This book was released on 1976 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Highway Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Design of Highway Bridges by : Richard M. Barker
Download or read book Design of Highway Bridges written by Richard M. Barker and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest in bridge design and analysis—revised to reflect the eighth edition of the AASHTO LRFD specifications Design of Highway Bridges: An LRFD Approach, 4th Edition, offers up-to-date coverage of engineering fundamentals for the design of short- and medium-span bridges. Fully updated to incorporate the 8th Edition of the AASHTO Load and Resistance Factor Design Specifications, this invaluable resource offers civil engineering students and practitioners a a comprehensive introduction to the latest construction methods and materials in bridge design, including Accelerated Bridge Construction (ABC), ultra high-performance concrete (UHPC), and Practical 3D Rigorous Analysis. This updated Fourth Edition offers: Dozens of end-of-chapter worked problems and design examples based on the latest AASHTO LRFD Specifications. Access to a Solutions Manual and multiple bridge plans including cast-in-place, precast concrete, and steel multi-span available on the Instructor’s companion website From gaining base knowledge of the AASHTO LRFD specifications to detailed guidance on highway bridge design, Design of Highway Bridges is the one-stop reference for civil engineering students and a key study resource for those seeking engineering licensure through the Principles and Practice of Engineering (PE) exam.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Live Load on the Seismic Response of Bridges by : Hartanto Wibowo
Download or read book The Effect of Live Load on the Seismic Response of Bridges written by Hartanto Wibowo and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers by : American Society of Civil Engineers
Download or read book Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers written by American Society of Civil Engineers and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 1264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. 29-30 contain papers of the International Engineering Congress, Chicago, 1893; v. 54, pts. A-F, papers of the International Engineering Congress, St. Louis, 1904.
