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Experiences Of Posttraumatic Stress In A Sample Of Sexual Assault Survivors
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Book Synopsis Experiences of Posttraumatic Stress in a Sample of Sexual Assault Survivors by : Rachael Goodman-Williams
Download or read book Experiences of Posttraumatic Stress in a Sample of Sexual Assault Survivors written by Rachael Goodman-Williams and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sexual assault is a major public health crisis, with national epidemiological studies reporting that approximately one-in-five women will be sexually assaulted in their lifetime. Experiential and empirical data indicate that sexual assault causes significant distress for those who experience it, with approximately one-third of sexual assault survivors evidencing lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In recent years, there have been increasing calls to expand recognition of PTSD beyond its binary framing and to incorporate contextual variables into the study of PTSD so that understandings of posttraumatic stress are more fully situated within the context of trauma survivors' lives. The current study responds to these stated needs. This study utilized two waves of a longitudinal data set in which sexual assault survivors were surveyed annually about their posttraumatic stress symptoms and social support. Using this data, I conducted a latent transition analysis (LTA) to identify latent classes of posttraumatic stress experiences and model the probability of transitioning between latent classes over time. With the goal of highlighting existing strengths in survivors' communities and better understanding optimal utilization of those resources, I also incorporated structural and functional social support as predictors of class membership and class transition. Four latent classes emerged at each time point and were named the High Severity, Depressed & Anxious, Avoidant & Reactive, and Low Severity classes. These classes demonstrated both quantitative (i.e., overall severity) and qualitative (i.e., symptom cluster severity) differences. Transition probabilities illustrated a general pattern of de-escalation. As would be expected, de-escalation was more likely when both types of social support were high compared to when both types of social support were low. Notable differences between the latent classes emerged, however, when one type of social support was high and the other was low. Specifically, while participants assigned to the High Severity class at Time 1 were more likely to de-escalate when structural support was high and functional support was low than the reverse, the opposite pattern was true for participants assigned to the Depressed & Anxious class. The intermediate classes identified in this latent class analysis highlight the limitations of categorical understandings of posttraumatic stress in which one either "has" or "does not have" PTSD. These findings support the calls that have been made by researchers and clinicians to introduce a "subclinical" level of PTSD to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, while also encouraging nuance beyond what even a subclinical designation would provide. Specifically, while a subclinical designation would reflect some amount of quantitative variation between the latent classes, it would be unlikely to reflect the qualitative differences found in the current study. These qualitative differences were especially relevant to understanding the longitudinal relationship between posttraumatic stress and social support, with functional support appearing to be especially relevant to those in the High Severity class and structural support especially relevant to those in the Depressed & Anxious class. The findings indicate that sexual assault survivors' social support needs may vary based on the specific symptoms that define their experience of posttraumatic stress at a given point in time. These findings also provide guidance for clinical and non-clinical practitioners regarding how to help survivors engage their support networks most effectively in the aftermath of trauma.
Author :Barbara Olasov Rothbaum Associate Professor in Psychiatry and Director of the Trauma and Anxiety Recovery Program Emory University School of Medicine Publisher :Oxford University Press, USA ISBN 13 :9780199774869 Total Pages :164 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (748 download)
Book Synopsis Reclaiming Your Life After Rape : Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Client Workbook by : Barbara Olasov Rothbaum Associate Professor in Psychiatry and Director of the Trauma and Anxiety Recovery Program Emory University School of Medicine
Download or read book Reclaiming Your Life After Rape : Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Client Workbook written by Barbara Olasov Rothbaum Associate Professor in Psychiatry and Director of the Trauma and Anxiety Recovery Program Emory University School of Medicine and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2004-11-11 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This powerful client workbook is written in an encouraging and easy-to-understand style specifically for women who have been sexually assaulted and have developed chronic symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Clients learn how cognitive-behavioral therapy has helped other victims and how it can work for them. This book explains how to distinguish PTSD symptoms from other disorders and teaches powerful techniques for overcoming these symptoms. In writing this book, the authors aim to address two goals. First, they want to present information about PTSD and related problems in language understandable to nonprofessionals. This information will include a review of the studies on posttrauma problems and on the effectiveness of different treatments. They also describe why some survivors develop PTSD and others do not. The second goal of the book is to provide a detailed client workbook for the treatment of trauma-related problems, especially PTSD, to assist clients working with a therapist. The authors are aware of the fact that people have different problems and different needs. What works for one person may not work for another. Therefore, they describe several different treatment techniques. The book is organized around the different cognitive-behavioral techniques that have been studied and proven effective with women sufferers of PTSD following an assault. Throughout the book, the authors focus mainly on women who have been sexually assaulted and as a result developed chronic symptoms of PTSD, which have disturbed their daily functioning and cause them emotional distress. Most of the examples they use to demonstrate the cognitive-behavioral techniques are drawn from their experience in treating rape survivors. However, the cognitive-behavioral procedures outlined here have been as successful in helping women who have been sexually abused in childhood and adult female survivors of nonsexual assaults, like aggravated assault and robbery. Other survivors of traumas such as natural disasters and car accidents were also helped by this cognitive-behavioral approach.
Book Synopsis The Trauma of Sexual Assault by : Jenny Petrak
Download or read book The Trauma of Sexual Assault written by Jenny Petrak and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2003-07-07 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The psycho-social needs of victims of rape and sexual assault are increasingly recognised and there is a need for a critical synthesis of knowledge and practice to support the development of training and best practice in the mental health and sexual health professions. The Trauma of Sexual Assault provides an understanding of the theoretical underpinning of the wide range of clinical problems that can follow sexual assault. Focusing on adult victims of sexual assault, this book brings together research findings, theoretical perspectives and implications for treatment, longer term management, and future policy. * The first text to consider the psychological impact of sexual assault on women and men * Incorporates a comprehensive flow-through model of psychological and social management from the initial presentation of the assaulted person onwards * A much needed reference, accessible to a wide range of professionals Part of the Wiley Series in Clinical Psychology
Book Synopsis Surviving Sexual Violence by : Thema Bryant-Davis
Download or read book Surviving Sexual Violence written by Thema Bryant-Davis and published by Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. This book was released on 2011-10-16 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Victims of sexual assault experience their trauma in different ways, and often one path to recovery and healing is right for one person, but not right for another. While there are some general mental health effects of sexual violence, this book outlines and describes the impact of particular types of sexual violation. Whether the survivor has experienced childhood sexual abuse, sexual assault during adulthood, marital rape, sexual harassment, sex trafficking, or sexual violence within the military, they will find aspects of her experience in these pages. Once survivors understand the ways in which they have been affected, they are introduced to various pathways to surviving sexual violence and moving forward. The chapters provide case examples and specific activities which give a fuller description of the ways survivors can make use of the particular approaches, which include mind-body practices, counseling, group therapies, self-defense training, and others. Anyone who has been a victim of sexual violence, or knows and cares about someone who has, will find relief in these pages, which offer practical approaches to finding balance and healing.
Book Synopsis An Investigation of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Physical Health Status in Sexual Assault Survivors by : Erin MacKenzie Eadie
Download or read book An Investigation of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Physical Health Status in Sexual Assault Survivors written by Erin MacKenzie Eadie and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated links between sexual assault experiences, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and adverse physical health outcomes among adult women. Existing models in which posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) mediate the relationship between trauma exposure and physical health outcomes have been established within a variety of trauma populations, but had yet to be specifically tested with the trauma of sexual assault. Through the use of structural equation modelling (SENT), support was found for a model in which posttraumatic stress symptom (PTSS) severity partially mediates the association between sexual assault exposure and physical health problems. While PTSS severity served as a partial mediator, it was revealed that depression symptoms did not A multivariate multiple regression was conducted to test whether the three PTSD symptom clusters (i.e., reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms) were differentially related to physical health outcomes, but it was found that no single symptom cluster explained the association between PTSD and adverse physical health outcomes. It was revealed, however. that reexperiencing symptoms and avoidance symptoms had unique associations with health care utilization and health perceptions, respectively. Finally. A unique relationship between sexual assault exposure and reproductive and sexual health problems was revealed, suggesting that this is a particularly important area of health concern among sexual assault survivors.
Book Synopsis Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder by : Evelyn J. Bromet
Download or read book Trauma and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder written by Evelyn J. Bromet and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first systematic analysis of the rates, risk factors, consequences and global burden of trauma and PTSD across the globe.
Book Synopsis Military Sexual Trauma: Current Knowledge and Future Directions by : Carolyn Allard
Download or read book Military Sexual Trauma: Current Knowledge and Future Directions written by Carolyn Allard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-06-11 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Military Sexual Trauma: Current Knowledge and Future Directions showcases the work of several prominent military sexual trauma (MST) researchers, scholars, and clinicians from across the United States. A review of existing research and original empirical findings converge to indicate that MST contributes to a range of physical health problems, complex posttraumatic responses, and other mental health consequences above and beyond the effects of other types of traumatic experiences. This collection also presents evidence suggesting that MST is often difficult to identify both within the individual military member and within the military population as a whole. Recommendations are offered for addressing this problem. In addition to the research review and empirical findings, an evolutionary framework for understanding sexual assault of women in the military is presented. Taken together, this collection of works may inform MST intervention and prevention efforts. This book was originally published as a special issue of Journal of Trauma & Dissociation.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Processing Therapy for Rape Victims by : Patricia A. Resick
Download or read book Cognitive Processing Therapy for Rape Victims written by Patricia A. Resick and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1993-06-02 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sexual assault is a traumatic event from which many survivors never fully recover. They may develop a range of disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, poor self-esteem, interpersonal difficulties and sexual dysfunction. This volume provides insight into the effects of rape and explores a treatment approach that assists in the healing process.
Book Synopsis Posttraumatic Growth by : Richard G. Tedeschi
Download or read book Posttraumatic Growth written by Richard G. Tedeschi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 1998-03-01 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That which does not kill us makes us stronger. (Nietzsche) The phenomenon of positive personal change following devastating events has been recognized since ancient times, but given little attention by contemporary psychologists and psychiatrists, who have tended to focus on the negative consequences of stress. In recent years, evidence from diverse fields has converged to suggest the reality and pervasive importance of the processes the editors sum up as posttraumatic growth. This volume offers the first comprehensive overview of these processes. The authors address a variety of traumas--among them bereavement, physical disability, terminal illness, combat, rape, and natural disasters--following which experiences of growth have been reported. How can sufferers from posttraumatic stress disorder best be helped? What does "resilience" in the face of high risk mean? Which personality characteristics facilitate growth? To what extent is personality change possible in adulthood? How can concepts like happiness and self-actualization be operationalized? What role do changing belief systems, schemas, or "assumptive worlds" play in positive adaptation? Is "stress innoculation" possible? How do spiritual beliefs become central for many people struck by trauma, and how are posttraumatic growth and recovery from substance abuse or the crises of serious physical illnesses linked? Such questions have concerned not only the recently defined and expanding group of "traumatologists," but also therapists of all sorts, personality and social psychologists, developmental and cognitive researchers, specialists in health psychology and behavioral medicine, and those who study religion and mental health. Overcoming the challenges of life's worst experiences can catalyze new opportunities for individual and social development. Learning about persons who discover or create the perception of positive change in their lives may shed light on the problems of those who continue to suffer. Posttraumatic Growth will stimulate dialogue among personality and social psychologists and clinicians, and influence the theoretical foundations and clinical agendas of investigators and practitioners alike.
Book Synopsis Trauma and Transformation by : Richard G. Tedeschi
Download or read book Trauma and Transformation written by Richard G. Tedeschi and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1995-06-20 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: We hope that we have presented information in a way that is accessible to clinicians, laypersons, and . . . other people who have experienced trauma. We have also tried to summarize a far-flung literature and describe a way of understanding the process of growth that will encourage more attention from researchers. In addition, we believe that this book can be used as a supplementary text in courses on human development, crisis intervention, and introductory courses in counseling and psychotherapy. It is also our hope that this book will be useful as a resource for helping professionals in a variety of disciplines, including psychology, social work, psychiatry, family counseling, human services, nursing, and sociology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Book Synopsis An Investigation of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Physical Health Status in Sexual Assault Survivors by : Erin MacKenzie Eadie
Download or read book An Investigation of Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms and Physical Health Status in Sexual Assault Survivors written by Erin MacKenzie Eadie and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated links between sexual assault experiences, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and adverse physical health outcomes among adult women. Existing models in which posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) mediate the relationship between trauma exposure and physical health outcomes have been established within a variety of trauma populations, but had yet to be specifically tested with the trauma of sexual assault. Through the use of structural equation modelling (SENT), support was found for a model in which posttraumatic stress symptom (PTSS) severity partially mediates the association between sexual assault exposure and physical health problems. While PTSS severity served as a partial mediator, it was revealed that depression symptoms did not A multivariate multiple regression was conducted to test whether the three PTSD symptom clusters (i.e., reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms) were differentially related to physical health outcomes, but it was found that no single symptom cluster explained the association between PTSD and adverse physical health outcomes. It was revealed, however. that reexperiencing symptoms and avoidance symptoms had unique associations with health care utilization and health perceptions, respectively. Finally. A unique relationship between sexual assault exposure and reproductive and sexual health problems was revealed, suggesting that this is a particularly important area of health concern among sexual assault survivors.
Book Synopsis Post Traumatic Stress Theory by : John Harvey
Download or read book Post Traumatic Stress Theory written by John Harvey and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-08-21 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few phenomena are as widely experienced across different individuals, cultures, and contexts as that of traumatic stress. Whether as victims, perpetrators, supporters or simply observers, most people can identify to some extent with the psychological and physical consequences produced by traumatic events. This text examines the nature of traumatic stress, the contexts in which it occurs, and the needs and coping strategies of its survivors. Topics include the survivors of rape, soldiers of war, and the nature of coping with loss or trauma in old age. Furthermore, the roles of culture, social support, and more formal organizations in the ongoing process of overcoming trauma are explored as the text details the nature of traumatic experiences, the needs of survivors, and the challenges faced by those who wish to support and help those survivors.
Book Synopsis Sexual Assault by : Jennifer Susan Robohm
Download or read book Sexual Assault written by Jennifer Susan Robohm and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Physical Health Status in Sexual Assault Survivors by :
Download or read book Investigation of Post-traumatic Stress Symptoms and Physical Health Status in Sexual Assault Survivors written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigated links between sexual assault experiences, posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), and adverse physical health outcomes among adult women. Existing models in which posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) mediate the relationship between trauma exposure and physical health outcomes have been established within a variety of trauma populations, but had yet to be specifically tested with the trauma of sexual assault. Through the use of structural equation modelling (SENT), support was found for a model in which posttraumatic stress symptom (PTSS) severity partially mediates the association between sexual assault exposure and physical health problems. While PTSS severity served as a partial mediator, it was revealed that depression symptoms did not A multivariate multiple regression was conducted to test whether the three PTSD symptom clusters (i.e., reexperiencing, avoidance, and hyperarousal symptoms) were differentially related to physical health outcomes, but it was found that no single symptom cluster explained the association between PTSD and adverse physical health outcomes. It was revealed, however. that reexperiencing symptoms and avoidance symptoms had unique associations with health care utilization and health perceptions, respectively. Finally. A unique relationship between sexual assault exposure and reproductive and sexual health problems was revealed, suggesting that this is a particularly important area of health concern among sexual assault survivors.
Book Synopsis The Mental Health Consequences of Torture by : Ellen Gerrity
Download or read book The Mental Health Consequences of Torture written by Ellen Gerrity and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1997 the National Institute of Mental Health assembled a working group of international experts to address the mental health consequences of torture and related violence and trauma; report on the status of scientific knowledge; and include research recommendations with implications for treatment, services, and policy development. This book, dedicated to those who experience the horrors of torture and those who work to end it, is based on that report.
Book Synopsis Acute Posttraumatic Stress in Sexual Assault Survivors by : Gerlinde C. Harb
Download or read book Acute Posttraumatic Stress in Sexual Assault Survivors written by Gerlinde C. Harb and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Trauma, Recovery, and Growth by : Stephen Joseph
Download or read book Trauma, Recovery, and Growth written by Stephen Joseph and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-03-14 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest theory and research on understanding posttraumatic stressand its treatment, providing evidence-based clinical interventionsusing techniques drawn from positive psychology It is known that exposure to stressful and traumatic events can have severe and chronic psychological consequences. At the same time-mindful of the suffering often caused by trauma-there is also a growing body of evidence testifying to posttraumatic growth: the positive psychological changes that can result for survivors of trauma. Blending these two areas of research and exploring the relevance of positive psychology to trauma practice, Trauma, Recovery, and Growth: Positive Psychological Perspectives on Posttraumatic Stress provides clinicians with the resources they need to implement positive psychology interventions in their trauma treatment across a spectrum of?therapeutic perspectives, including cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, humanistic, existential, and group therapies. Featuring contributions by internationally renowned researchers and practitioners and edited by experts in the field of positive psychology who have worked with survivors of trauma in the facilitation of their resilience, recovery, and growth, this timely book is divided into four parts: Toward an Integrative Positive Psychology of Posttraumatic Experience Growth and Distress in Social, Community, and Interpersonal Contexts Clinical Approaches and Therapeutic Experiences of Managing Distress and Facilitating Growth Beyond the Stress-Growth Distinction: Issues at the Cutting Edge of Theory and Practice Trauma, Recovery, and Growth explores the role positive psychology can play in how clinical practitioners treat and work with survivors of stressful and traumatic events and offers an optimistic perspective in the treatment of those who suffer posttraumatic stress following devastating events such as terrorist attacks, childhood sexual abuse, cancer, and war.
