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Examining Metabolic Vulnerabilities For Cancer Therapy
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Book Synopsis Examining Metabolic Vulnerabilities for Cancer Therapy by : Alba Luengo
Download or read book Examining Metabolic Vulnerabilities for Cancer Therapy written by Alba Luengo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metabolic reprogramming is essential for cancer cells to balance energetics, maintain redox homeostasis, and synthesize biosynthetic precursors. Many chemotherapeutics that target metabolism are essential components of standard cancer treatment regimens, arguing that there is a therapeutic window to target the metabolic dependencies of cancer cells. However, the use of these drugs as cancer therapies was determined empirically, and rational approaches to directly target the metabolism of cancer cells, especially reprogrammed glucose metabolism, have proved challenging, in part because it is not well understood which metabolic processes are most important for cancer cell proliferation and survival. The goal of this dissertation is to explore metabolic pathways preferentially used by cancer cells in order to identify potential tumor dependencies that could be exploited for clinical benefit. We first determined that production of reactive byproducts is an indirect consequence of the altered glucose metabolism of cancer cells, which suggests that clinically targeting secondary effects of reprogrammed tumor metabolism could be an approach for designing novel cancer treatments. Next, we found that a molecular driver for the altered glucose metabolism of cancer cells is limited electron acceptor availability, suggesting that interventions that further restrict the oxidative capacity of tumors could also have anticancer efficacy. Finally, we interrogated the metabolic fluxes of breast cancers proliferating in different microenvironments and determined that tumors in the brain parenchyma display enhanced lipid biosynthesis, which could guide therapeutic strategies to treat cancer based on tumor site. Collectively, these studies contribute to an understanding of how the reprogrammed metabolism of cancer cells introduces targetable dependencies, with the aim of optimizing cancer therapies.
Book Synopsis The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism by : Anne Le
Download or read book The Heterogeneity of Cancer Metabolism written by Anne Le and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-06-26 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetic alterations in cancer, in addition to being the fundamental drivers of tumorigenesis, can give rise to a variety of metabolic adaptations that allow cancer cells to survive and proliferate in diverse tumor microenvironments. This metabolic flexibility is different from normal cellular metabolic processes and leads to heterogeneity in cancer metabolism within the same cancer type or even within the same tumor. In this book, we delve into the complexity and diversity of cancer metabolism, and highlight how understanding the heterogeneity of cancer metabolism is fundamental to the development of effective metabolism-based therapeutic strategies. Deciphering how cancer cells utilize various nutrient resources will enable clinicians and researchers to pair specific chemotherapeutic agents with patients who are most likely to respond with positive outcomes, allowing for more cost-effective and personalized cancer therapeutic strategies.
Book Synopsis Examining Cancer Metabolism in Vivo by : Shawn Michael Davidson
Download or read book Examining Cancer Metabolism in Vivo written by Shawn Michael Davidson and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nutrient requirements for cancer cells are different from those of most normal cells. Understanding these differences, and the factors that are responsible for creating different metabolic dependencies, is critical to understanding the basic requirements of rapid proliferation and identifying potential therapeutic vulnerabilities. In particular, oncogene status, tissue-of-origin, cell-of-origin, and microenvironmental factors all can contribute to defining these requirements, but how to characterize which dependencies exist in various physiological setting are unknown. In this thesis, we address key challenges to study cancer metabolism in the living organism. We present novel experimental and analytical methods to study tumor metabolism in mouse models. This includes: (1) an approach to determine the metabolic fate of any radioactive or stable-isotope tracer in tumors and tissues (2) strategies to create stable-isotope macromolecular (protein) tracers (3) a plasmapheresis strategy to deliver labeled protein in vivo (4) qualitative and quantitative methods to define kinetics of extracellular protein catabolism in live tumors in real-time (5) the characterization of a conditional allele to test the requirements for isoform-specific pyruvate kinase expression. We applied these methods to three mouse models of cancer (models of human lung, pancreas, and prostate cancer) to better characterize metabolism and identify potential metabolic vulnerabilities in these tumors. Our results show that tumors in vivo utilize a metabolic program that is distinct from cells in tissue culture derived from those same tumors. Additionally, we identified that the uptake and subsequent catabolism of extracellular protein provides a substantial proportion of free intracellular amino acids for pancreatic cancer cells in tumors. Finally, we have identified prostate cancer as a tumor type that may benefit from pharmacological activation of pyruvate kinase. Overall, our results demonstrate the importance of studying cancer metabolism in the correct physiological setting. Data generated from patients corroborates our findings in these mouse models and suggests that these approaches can be used to define more effective cancer therapeutic strategies. The methods presented here are adaptable to study the metabolic phenotypes in any tumor or tissue of interest. Further use of these methods enable the examination of cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous metabolic consequences of oncogene status, microenvironment, and in organismal metabolism as a function of cancer initiation and progression.
Book Synopsis Investigating and Exploiting Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Cancer by : Natalie Janelle German
Download or read book Investigating and Exploiting Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Cancer written by Natalie Janelle German and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel metabolism in healthy cells is not sufficient to sustain the biosynthetic and energetic demands of cancer. For a normal cell to transform to a rapidly dividing tumor cell, metabolism must be dramatically altered in a process called metabolic reprogramming, characterized by increased nutrient uptake and re-purposing. As we move toward a future of personalized medicine, there is new opportunity in targeting the metabolic requirements specific to an individual's tumor. To this end, it is critical to understand molecular drivers that cancer cells hijack to modify metabolism.
Book Synopsis Metabolism in Cancer by : Thorsten Cramer
Download or read book Metabolism in Cancer written by Thorsten Cramer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-24 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook presents concise chapters written by internationally respected experts on various important aspects of cancer-associated metabolism, offering a comprehensive overview of the central features of this exciting research field. The discovery that tumor cells display characteristic alterations of metabolic pathways has significantly changed our understanding of cancer: while the first description of tumor-specific changes in cellular energetics was published more than 90 years ago, the causal significance of this observation for the pathogenesis of cancer was only discovered in the post-genome era. The first 10 years of the twenty-first century were characterized by rapid advances in our grasp of the functional role of cancer-specific metabolism as well as the underlying molecular pathways. Various unanticipated interrelations between metabolic alterations and cancer-driving pathways were identified and currently await translation into diagnostic and therapeutic applications. Yet the speed, quantity, and complexity of these new discoveries make it difficult for researchers to keep up to date with the latest developments, an issue this book helps to remedy.
Book Synopsis The Tumour Microenvironment by : Jamie A. Goode
Download or read book The Tumour Microenvironment written by Jamie A. Goode and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2001-11-28 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ergebnisse von in vitro-Studien lassen vermuten, dass sich der pH-Wert in einem Tumor auf die Wirksamkeit von Chemo- oder Strahlentherapien auswirken kann. Wie aber sieht die Beziehung zwischen der Tumorentwicklung und dem pH-Wert aus? Können ein niedriger pH-Wert oder ein Sauerstoffmangel die Carcinogenese hemmen? Wo bieten sich therapeutische Ansätze? Anwort auf diese und andere Fragen finden Sie in diesem Band. In interdisziplinärer Weise wurden Beiträge aus der Grundlagenforschung und der klinischen Praxis zusammengetragen.
Book Synopsis Cancer as a Metabolic Disease by : Thomas Seyfried
Download or read book Cancer as a Metabolic Disease written by Thomas Seyfried and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-18 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book addresses controversies related to the origins of cancer and provides solutions to cancer management and prevention. It expands upon Otto Warburg's well-known theory that all cancer is a disease of energy metabolism. However, Warburg did not link his theory to the "hallmarks of cancer" and thus his theory was discredited. This book aims to provide evidence, through case studies, that cancer is primarily a metabolic disease requring metabolic solutions for its management and prevention. Support for this position is derived from critical assessment of current cancer theories. Brain cancer case studies are presented as a proof of principle for metabolic solutions to disease management, but similarities are drawn to other types of cancer, including breast and colon, due to the same cellular mutations that they demonstrate.
Book Synopsis Targeting Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Therapy-resistant Solid and Haematopoietic Cancers by : Hibah Amin H. Alsadah
Download or read book Targeting Metabolic Vulnerabilities in Therapy-resistant Solid and Haematopoietic Cancers written by Hibah Amin H. Alsadah and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :728 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Book Synopsis Folate Antagonists as Therapeutic Agents by : F. M. Sirotnak
Download or read book Folate Antagonists as Therapeutic Agents written by F. M. Sirotnak and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Development, Cancers and Aging by : Haim Werner
Download or read book Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Development, Cancers and Aging written by Haim Werner and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-30 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Special Issue of Cells on “Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Development, Cancers and Aging” provides a collection of modern articles dealing with the role of insulin-like growth factors (IGF1) in cancer biology, aging and development. Featured articles explore basic and clinical aspects of the IGF1 system, including post-genomic analyses as well as novel approaches to target the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) in oncology.
Book Synopsis Human Cell Transformation by : Johng S. Rhim
Download or read book Human Cell Transformation written by Johng S. Rhim and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-01 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, part contributed volume, part proceedings, discusses state-of-the-art advances on human cell transformation in cell models for the study of cancer and aging. Several of the chapters are from the Human Cell Transformation: Advances in Cell Models for the Study of Cancer and Aging conference that was held in June 2018 at McGill University. The authors represent international expertise on a wide variety of topics ranging from different types of cancer (prostate, bone, breast, etc.) to tumor microenvironment, tumor progression, homogeneity, and possible therapies and treatments.
Book Synopsis Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine by : Robert C. Bast, Jr.
Download or read book Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine written by Robert C. Bast, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-10 with total page 2004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Holland-Frei Cancer Medicine, Ninth Edition, offers a balanced view of the most current knowledge of cancer science and clinical oncology practice. This all-new edition is the consummate reference source for medical oncologists, radiation oncologists, internists, surgical oncologists, and others who treat cancer patients. A translational perspective throughout, integrating cancer biology with cancer management providing an in depth understanding of the disease An emphasis on multidisciplinary, research-driven patient care to improve outcomes and optimal use of all appropriate therapies Cutting-edge coverage of personalized cancer care, including molecular diagnostics and therapeutics Concise, readable, clinically relevant text with algorithms, guidelines and insight into the use of both conventional and novel drugs Includes free access to the Wiley Digital Edition providing search across the book, the full reference list with web links, illustrations and photographs, and post-publication updates
Download or read book Cancer Metabolomics written by Shen Hu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer metabolomics is a rapidly evolving field that aims for a comprehensive dissection of the metabolic phenotypes and functional network of metabolites in human cancers. State of the art metabolomics tools have been developed and applied to studying cancer metabolism and developing metabolic targets for improved diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic treatment of human cancers. Chapters are written by subject experts in the field of cancer metabolomics with cross-disciplinary contributions. Coverage includes advanced metabolomics technologies and methodologies, including chemical isotope labelling liquid chromatography - mass spectrometry, capillary ion chromatography - mass spectrometry, 2-D gas chromatography – mass spectrometry, capillary electrophoresis – mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, shotgun lipidomics, tracer-based metabolomics, microbial metabolomics, mass spectrometry imaging for single cell metabolomics and functional metabolomics. In addition, the book highlights new discoveries in cancer metabolism such as hypoxia inducible factor pathway, isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 mutation and oncometabolites. Finally, contributors focus on the translational applications of metabolomics in human cancers such as glioma, head and neck cancer, and gastric cancer. This new volume will be a unique reference source for cancer researchers and promote applications of metabolomics in understanding cancer metabolism.
Book Synopsis Comparative Oncology by : Alecsandru Ioan Baba
Download or read book Comparative Oncology written by Alecsandru Ioan Baba and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Molecular Biology of The Cell by : Bruce Alberts
Download or read book Molecular Biology of The Cell written by Bruce Alberts and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Autophagy in tumor and tumor microenvironment by : Sujit Kumar Bhutia
Download or read book Autophagy in tumor and tumor microenvironment written by Sujit Kumar Bhutia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-24 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book deals with the paradoxical role of autophagy in tumor suppression and tumor promotion in cancer cells. Autophagy plays opposing, context-dependent roles in tumors; accordingly, strategies based on inhibiting or stimulating autophagy could offer as potential cancer therapies. The book elucidates the physiological role of autophagy in modulating cancer metastasis, which is the primary cause of cancer-associated mortality. Further, it reviews its role in the differentiation, development, and activation of multiple immune cells, and its potential applications in tumor immunotherapy. In addition, it examines the effect of epigenetic modifications of autophagy-associated genes in regulating tumor growth and therapeutic response and summarizes autophagy’s role in the development of resistance to a variety of anti-cancer drugs in cancer cells. In closing, it assesses autophagy as a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable asset for all oncologists and researchers who wish to understand the potential role of autophagy in tumor biology.
