Author : Kristel Heidi Nazzal
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (983 download)
Book Synopsis Examining Factors Impacting the Arab American Community by : Kristel Heidi Nazzal
Download or read book Examining Factors Impacting the Arab American Community written by Kristel Heidi Nazzal and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arab Americans are a rapidly growing population in the United States; however, sparse research exists that examines their mental health experiences. As such, this study investigated factors influencing mental health with the Arab American population in the United States. There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that biculturalism may be a protective factor (Mezzich, Ruiperez, Yoon, Liu, & Zapata-Vega, 2009), thus the first hypothesis postulated that after controlling for demographic variables that will act as covariates, biculturalism will predict well-being. As Arab Americans are minorities that have encountered high levels of racism and discrimination (Zogby, 2001), hypothesis two suggested that after controlling for demographic variables that will act as covariates, race-related stress and perceptions of a racist environment will predict well-being. Recent research with Arab Americans has shown that acculturation impacts experiences with racism (Awad, 2010), thus, hypotheses 3 and 4 proposed that biculturalism may moderate the effects of race-related stress on well-being and biculturalism may moderate the effects of perceptions of a racist environment on well-being. Finally, as Arab Americans are an underserved population with high levels of stigma towards mental health services (Al-Krenawi & Graham, 2000), the exploratory hypothesis assumed that biculturalism, race-related stress, perceptions of a racist environment, and well-being will predict attitudes towards seeking professional psychological help. Several measures were used to investigate these hypotheses. Cortes, Rogler and Malgady Bicultural Scale (Mezzich et al., 2009) measured the degree to which one identified with host and home-cultures. Well-being, conceptualized as self-esteem, depression, and life-satisfaction, was measured using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965), the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (Radloff, 1977) and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS; Diener, Emmons, Larsen, & Griffin, 1985). Race-Related Events Scale (RES) evaluated exposure to race-related stress (Waelde et al., 2010a), while Perceptions of a Racist Environment determined participants' perceived racism (Waelde, 2010b). Finally, the modified Attitudes Towards Seeking Professional Psychological Help Scale ascertained help-seeking attitudes (Turner & Fisher, 1970). These self report measures were administered to participants who identified themselves as Arab American (N=166). Participants were mainly recruited from Arab American organizations and completed either a written or online version of the survey. Multiple regression analyses revealed that biculturalism does not influence well-being. However, household income impacted depression levels, such that as income rises, depression decreases. Additionally, race-related stress does not predict well-being; however, perceptions of a racist environment does, such that as perceived racism increases, depression increases and self-esteem decreases. Biculturalism also does not have a moderating effect on either race-related stress or perceptions of a racist environment on well-being. Finally, biculturalism, well-being, race-related stress, and perceptions of a racist environment did not impact attitudes towards help-seeking. The major limitation of this study is that the sample is not generalizable to all Arab Americans. Future studies on Arab Americans should have a larger and more diverse Arab sample, as research on this underserved, growing minority is essential. Expanding literature on Arab Americans helps shed light on their specific mental health stressors, which inevitably increases awareness and cultural competency in clinical settings.