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Examination Of The Communicative Deficits Associated With The Broad Phenotype Of Autism In Infant Siblings Of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Book Synopsis Examination of the Communicative Deficits Associated with the Broad Phenotype of Autism in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Tricia D. Cassel
Download or read book Examination of the Communicative Deficits Associated with the Broad Phenotype of Autism in Infant Siblings of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Tricia D. Cassel and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infants with older siblings on the autism spectrum (ASD-sibs) are at risk for socio-emotional difficulties. ASD-sibs were compared to children of typically developing siblings (TD-sibs) in the Face-to-Face/Still-Face (FFSF) at 6 months and the Early Social Communication Scales (ESCS) at 8, 10, 12, 15, and 18 months. ASD-sibs exhibited non-significant trends to smile less and display more neutral affect than TD-sibs during the FFSF. There was a significant status by gender interaction such that male ASD-sibs showed less smiling and lower affective valence compared to male TD-sibs. Additionally, ASD-sibs showed a lack of emotional continuity in the FFSF. ASD-sibs displayed less initiating joint attention, initiating behavioral requesting, and responding to joint attention over time than TD-sibs. Results are discussed with respect to the social orienting model of autism.
Book Synopsis The Broad Autism Phenotype by : Anthony F. Rotatori
Download or read book The Broad Autism Phenotype written by Anthony F. Rotatori and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2015-03-27 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proposed volume will provide in-depth coverage about a construct known as the broad autism phenotype (BAP).
Book Synopsis Children with Autism by : Marian Sigman
Download or read book Children with Autism written by Marian Sigman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors combine clinical vignettes, research findings, methodological considerations and historical accounts.
Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorder by : Michael Fitzgerald
Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorder written by Michael Fitzgerald and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book starts with a new sub category of Autism Criminal Autistic Psychopathy and school shootings. It focuses on a number of interventions, including speech and language pathology, speech and language assessment instruments, occupational therapy, improving functional language development in autism with natural gestures, communication boards etc as well as helping people with autism using the pictorial support, training of concepts of significant others, theory of mind, social concepts and a conceptual model for empowering families of children with autism cross culturally. It also examines the issue of hyperandrogenism and evidence-based treatments of autism. In terms of assessment, it focuses on psychological and biological assessment including neurotransmitters systems, structural and functional brain imaging, coping strategies of parents, examines the intertwining of language impairment, specific language impairment and ASD, as well as implicit and spontaneous Theory of Mind reading in ASD. In terms of aetiology, it focuses on genetic factors, epigenetics, synaptic vesicles, toxicity during neurodevelopment, immune system and sex differences. It also examines the link between social cognitive anatomical and neurophysiologic biomarkers and candidate genes. This book will be relevant to all mental health professionals because autism occurs in all the different areas of psychiatry and professionals who will find it helpful will be psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, nurses, teachers and all those working with persons with Autism including parents who nowadays are interested in knowing more and more, at a detailed level about their children or adults with autism.
Book Synopsis Early Communicaiton Development in Infants at High and Low Genetic Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Shanna L. Alvarez
Download or read book Early Communicaiton Development in Infants at High and Low Genetic Risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Shanna L. Alvarez and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social communication impairment is one of the key diagnostic features of ASD, with communication deficits being the earliest symptom reported by most parents of children with ASD (Filipek et al., 1999; Landa & Garrett-Meyer, 2006). From differences in babble (Trevarthen & Daniel, 2005; Yirmiya, et al., 2006) and gesture inventories (Landa et al., 2007; Wetherby et al., 1998) to delayed onset or atypical development of verbal language (Luyster, 2009) and social-communication deficits (Landa et al., 2007; Wetherby, 1998; Zwaigenbaum, 2005), children with ASD present with a unique profile of early communication behaviors. One aspect of early communication development that has received limited attention is communication spontaneity (CS). CS has been conceptualized as the level of environmental support required for a child to initiate a communication act (Carter, Hotchkis & Cassar, 1996). While CS has been discussed as an important aspect of communication, additional research is needed to better understand CS's nature (i.e., how CS changes over time) and relevance (i.e., relationship to other developmental domains) in typically developing children as well as children with developmental disabilities such as ASD. Given the limitations of retrospective report, prospective studies are necessary to determine if early risk signs are related to later development of ASD or broader autism phenotype (BAP) features. The purpose of the present study was to examine CS in a cohort of infants at high and low genetic risk for ASD at 12 and 24 month of age.. Results indicated that CS is associated with existing measures of language and social communication. A specific component of CS which captures how a child responds to direct communication prompts (CS-SP-Direct Prompts), was found to be particularly associated with outcomes, including ADOS diagnostic group and symptom severity. In contrast, children's CS during Free Play conditions or in response to non-social prompts was not significantly related to ASD outcomes. These findings suggest that previous discussions of potential differences in CS may be better conceptualized as differences in Social Prompt Responsiveness. At 12 months of age, CS-SP-Direct Prompts differentiated ASD from NonASD children and uniquely predicted both diagnostic group and ASD symptom severity. CS-SP-Direct Prompts may also be associated with the broader autism phenotype, though differences may not become clear until 24 months of age in high risk (HR), NonASD siblings. Results from the present study suggest that structured measurement of Social Prompt Responsiveness is possible and may contribute important information regarding a child's social-communication development, particularly in monitoring infants at high genetic risk for ASD. Findings also provide support for the social salience framework of ASD and its application to early communication development.
Book Synopsis The Research Basis for Autism Intervention by : Eric Schopler
Download or read book The Research Basis for Autism Intervention written by Eric Schopler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the pastPresident ofthe Israel Society forAutism, it gives me great pleasure to c- gratulate Professor Schopler and his colleagues on the publication of their new book concerning the relationship between scientific research and treatment. When we in Israel began our specifically structured education program for young children with autism, our work was based on slim to scarceknow-how andinformation, and with no experience whatsoever. Whatever information we could gather was mostly from psychological educational centers in the U.S. One of the most important and significant connections was established between the TEACCH program of North Carolina, led and conducted by the two important scholars, Professor Eric Schopler and Professor Lee Marcus, and our Israel Society for Autism. During our many encounters, seminars, and conferences, we profited enormously from all their accumulated expertise and scientific research, while perhaps it was also an important experience for them to see how a young society with very limited means was eventually shaping its educational program and arriving at some excellent results. We, ofcourse, have the highest esteem for Governor Hunt who has been following this program with so much attention and support, and we still remember his visit to Israel with distinguished representatives of the TEACCH Program. I wish the new book every success. I know it will be an enormous contribution to all those who must cope with a difficult and painful issue—autism—for whom there is no end to the need for research and continuously improving methods of care and education.
Book Synopsis International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities by :
Download or read book International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-10-19 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International Review of Research in Developmental Disabilities, Volume 53 provides a scholarly look at research on the causes, effects, classification systems and syndromes of developmental disabilities. Chapters in this new release include topics such as Parent Child Interactions in Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Self-Regulation in children with autism spectrum disorders, Social cognition in neurodevelopmental syndromes, Telehealth anxiety services for individuals with adolescents with autism spectrum disorder, Adult Siblings of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities: Past, Present, and Future, and The Special Promise of Telemedicine to Address Health and Behavioral Needs of Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Contributors in this ongoing series come from wide-ranging perspectives, including genetics, psychology, education, and other health and behavioral sciences. Provides the most recent scholarly research in the study of developmental disabilities Contains a vast range of perspectives, with many topics covered Presents an excellent resource for academic researchers
Book Synopsis Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Volume 1 by : Fred R. Volkmar
Download or read book Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Volume 1 written by Fred R. Volkmar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-24 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The newest edition of the most comprehensive handbook on autism and related disorders Since the original edition was first published more than a quarter of a century ago, The Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Volume 1: Diagnosis, Development, and Brain Mechanisms, has been the most influential reference work in the field of autism and related conditions. The new, updated Fourth Edition takes into account the changes in the disorders' definitions in the DSM-V and ICD-10 that may have profound implications for diagnosis and, by extension, access to services. Along with providing practical clinical advice--including the role of psychopharmacology in treatment—the handbook codifies the ever-expanding current body of research throughout both volumes , offering a wealth of information on the epidemiology of autism and the genetic, environmental, biochemical, social, and neuropathological aspects of the disorder. Volume 1 includes: Information on outcomes in adults with autism spectrum disorders A range of issues and interventions important from infancy, though adolescence and beyond for individuals with autism spectrum disorders Current information about play development, including skills, object play, and interventions Coverage of the state of genetic, biochemical, and neuropathological autism research Chapters on psychopharmacology and medical care in autism and related conditions The new edition includes the relevant updates to help readers stay abreast of the state of this rapidly evolving field and gives them a guide to separate the wheat from the chaff as information about autism proliferates.
Book Synopsis A Comprehensive Book on Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi
Download or read book A Comprehensive Book on Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Mohammad-Reza Mohammadi and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the book is to serve for clinical, practical, basic and scholarly practices. In twentyfive chapters it covers the most important topics related to Autism Spectrum Disorders in the efficient way and aims to be useful for health professionals in training or clinicians seeking an update. Different people with autism can have very different symptoms. Autism is considered to be a "spectrum" disorder, a group of disorders with similar features. Some people may experience merely mild disturbances, while the others have very serious symptoms. This book is aimed to be used as a textbook for child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship training and will serve as a reference for practicing psychologists, child and adolescent psychiatrists, general psychiatrists, pediatricians, child neurologists, nurses, social workers and family physicians. A free access to the full-text electronic version of the book via Intech reading platform at http://www.intechweb.org is a great bonus.
Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Andreas M. Grabrucker
Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Andreas M. Grabrucker and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism spectrum disorders are developmental disorders. Individuals with autism spectrum disorders develop differently. These differences are usually present in social interaction, communication, and sensory processing, and become visible through a wide variety of behavioral responses that differ from individuals without autism spectrum disorders. Despite significant research efforts, the exact causes of autism spectrum disorders remain poorly understood; however, researchers have gained extensive insights into possible pathomechanisms, even at the molecular level of cells. Many diagnostic criteria have been developed, adapted, and improved. The eight chapters in this book highlight the current state-of-the-art in many areas of autism spectrum disorders. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the epidemiology of autism spectrum disorders and the current knowledge of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Chapter 2 summarizes the diagnostic criteria and procedures and highlights present and upcoming therapeutic strategies. Chapter 3 reviews the adverse events and trauma in people with autism spectrum disorders. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on atypical sensory processing, and Chapter 6 discusses the genetic overlap of autism spectrum disorders with other neuropsychiatric disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, and schizophrenia. Chapter 7 focuses on the contribution of abnormalities in mitochondria, and chapter 8 discusses gut-brain interactions and a potential role for microbiota in autism spectrum disorders. This book is aimed primarily at clinicians and scientists, but many areas will also be of interest to the layperson.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Assessment, Interventions, and Policy by : Fred R. Volkmar
Download or read book Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Assessment, Interventions, and Policy written by Fred R. Volkmar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2007-09-10 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of the benchmark reference Since its first edition, this handbook has become the most influential reference work in the field of autism and related conditions. Now expanded to two volumes, this comprehensive work provides a thorough review of these disorders, drawing on findings and clinical experience from a number of related disciplines. The Second Edition covers all current treatment models, and is updated to include new methods for screening and assessment, genetic components, and school-based interventions. All chapters have been thoroughly updated; two-thirds of chapters are entirely new to this edition. VolumeTwo includes the newest, most authoritative information available on assessment, interventions, and policy ramifications surrounding pervasive developmental disorders.
Book Synopsis Autism Spectrum Disorders by : David Amaral
Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders written by David Amaral and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-05-01 with total page 1445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism is an emerging area of basic and clinical research, and has only recently been recognized as a major topic in biomedical research. Approximately 1 in 150 children are diagnosed as autistic, so it is also an intense growth area in behavioral and educational treatments. Financial resources have begun to be raised for more comprehensive research and an increasing number of scientists are becoming involved in autism research. In many respects, autism has become a model for conducting translational research on a psychiatric disorder. This text provides a comprehensive summary of all current knowledge related to the behavioral, experiential, and biomedical features of the autism spectrum disorders including major behavioral and cognitive syndromology, common co-morbid conditions, neuropathology, neuroimmunology, and other neurological correlates such as seizures, allergy and immunology, gastroenterology, infectious disease, and epidemiology. Edited by three leading researchers, this volume contains over 80 chapters and nine shorter commentaries by thought leaders in the field, making the book a virtual "who's who" of autism research. This carefully developed book is a comprehensive and authoritative reference for what we know in this area as well as a guidepost for the next several years in all areas of autism research.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Childhood Disorders, Fourth Edition by : Eric J. Mash
Download or read book Assessment of Childhood Disorders, Fourth Edition written by Eric J. Mash and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2012-08-22 with total page 882 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been replaced by Assessment of Disorders in Childhood and Adolescence, Fifth Edition, ISBN 978-1-4625-4363-2.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Volume 2 by : Fred R. Volkmar
Download or read book Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Volume 2 written by Fred R. Volkmar and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-02-21 with total page 948 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest and most comprehensive resource on autism and related disorders Since the original edition was first published more than a quarter-century ago, The Handbook of Autism and Pervasive Developmental Disorders has been the most influential reference work in the field. Volume 2 of this comprehensive work includes a wealth of information from the experts in their respective specialities within the larger field of autism studies: Assessment, Interventions, and Social Policy Perspectives. Within the three sections found in Volume 2, readers will find in-depth treatment of: Screening for autism in young children; diagnostic instruments in autism spectrum disorders (ASD); clinical evaluation in multidisciplinary settings; assessing communications in ASD; and behavioral assessment of individuals with autism, including current practice and future directions Interventions for infants and toddlers at risk; comprehensive treatment models for children and youth with ASD; targeted interventions for social communication symptoms in preschoolers with ASD; augmentative and alternative communication; interventions for challenging behaviors; supporting mainstream educational success; supporting inclusion education; promoting recreational engagement in children with ASD; social skills interventions; and employment and related services for adults with ASD Supporting adult independence in the community for individuals with high functioning ASD; supporting parents, siblings, and grandparents of people with ASD; and evidence-based psychosocial interventions for individuals with ASD Special topic coverage such as autism across cultures; autism in the courtroom; alternative treatments; teacher and professional training guidelines; economic aspects of autism; and consideration of alternative treatments The new edition includes the relevant updates to help readers stay abreast of the state of this rapidly evolving field and gives them a guide to separate the wheat from the chaff as information about autism proliferates.
Book Synopsis An Examination of the Broader Autism Phenotype in Simplex and Multiplex Families by : Jennifer Gerdts
Download or read book An Examination of the Broader Autism Phenotype in Simplex and Multiplex Families written by Jennifer Gerdts and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-inherited genetic mutations are more prevalent in families with only one individual diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; simplex) whereas inherited genetic risk factors may play a greater role in families with more than one affected individual (multiplex). Behavioral genetic studies examining the broader autism phenotype document increased presence of BAP traits in first-degree relatives from multiplex versus simplex families. Mothers, fathers, and siblings from 87 multiplex and 41 simplex were included in analyses. In general, findings supported a differential presentation of behavioral features of the broader autism phenotype in family members from multiplex families compared to simplex families. This was particularly relevant in social communication skills. Multiplex family members showed decreased social interest, more impaired nonverbal communication abilities, and less flexible conversation skills compared to simplex family members. Effects were moderate to large across skill areas and were most consistently observed in siblings, followed by fathers, and then mothers. Cognitive profiles presented differently in parents compared to siblings. Specifically, differences between multiplex and simplex families in cognitive measures such as cognitive variability, face memory, and phonological processing were absent in parents, but were apparent in siblings. Multiplex siblings showed greater cognitive variability and were more likely to have impaired face memory and phonological processing skills compared to simplex siblings. Thus, multiplex siblings showed a number of similar elements of the cognitive phenotype in ASD in addition to social communication difficulties compared to simplex siblings. No relationship between the symptoms of the affected children and family member traits were found in the current study. Thus, increased symptom severity in affected children did not predict greater BAP traits in either simplex or multiplex families. Despite reports that macrocephaly appears to be a familial trait in ASD, head circumference measurements did not differ between multiple-incidence and single-incidence families. However, a positive relationship between head circumference and increased BAP traits was more pronounced in simplex siblings compared to multiplex siblings. Given the variability in predictions of increased head circumference and ASD symptoms in affected individuals, this finding was not predicted and it is difficult to interpret it in isolation. Further work is necessary to replicate this relationship. The decreased number and intensity of BAP traits observed in parents and siblings within simplex families provide behavioral evidence consistent with findings of increased de novo genetic events since ASD-related behavioral traits were observed less frequently in simplex compared to multiplex families. These behaviorally-based findings suggest that multiplex families may be more vulnerable to ASD symptoms given shared genetic variance.
Book Synopsis The Neuroscience of Autism Spectrum Disorders by : Joseph D. Buxbaum
Download or read book The Neuroscience of Autism Spectrum Disorders written by Joseph D. Buxbaum and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-31 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Autism is no longer considered a rare disease, and the Center for Disease Control now estimates that upwards of 730,000 children in the US struggle with this isolating brain disorder. New research is leading to greater understanding of and ability to treat the disorder at an earlier age. It is hoped that further genetic and imaging studies will lead to biologically based diagnostic techniques that could help speed detection and allow early, more effective intervention. Edited by two leaders in the field, this volume offers a current survey and synthesis of the most important findings of the neuroscience behind autism of the past 20 years. With chapters authored by experts in each topic, the volume explores etiology, neuropathology, imaging, and pathways/models. Offering a broad background of ASDs with a unique focus on neurobiology, the volume offers more than the others on the market with a strictly clinical focus or a single authored perspective that fails to offer expert, comprehensive coverage. Researchers and graduate students alike with an interest in developmental disorders and autism will benefit, as will autism specialists across psychology and medicine looking to expand their expertise. - Uniquely explores ASDs from a neurobiological angle, looking to uncover the molecular/cellular basis rather than to merely catalog the commonly used behavioral interventions - Comprehensive coverage synthesizes widely dispersed research, serving as one-stop shopping for neurodevelopmental disorder researchers and autism specialists - Edited work with chapters authored by leaders in the field around the globe – the broadest, most expert coverage available
Book Synopsis Textbook of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Second Edition by : Eric Hollander, M.D.
Download or read book Textbook of Autism Spectrum Disorders, Second Edition written by Eric Hollander, M.D. and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 2022-03-15 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 40 years after the official recognition of infantile autism in DSM-III, advances continue to be made in our understanding of the possible causes, assessment and evaluation, and treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). With contributions by dozens of experts in the field, this second edition of the Textbook of Autism Spectrum Disorders has been updated to reflect the latest research in ASD. Unrivaled in its thoroughness, this volume discusses issues of assessment and evaluation; examines the etiology of ASD and its recognized associations with other medical conditions; analyzes standard and experimental treatments; and delves into social policy issues pertinent to individuals with ASD and those who treat them. With summary points in each chapter and copious lists of recommended readings, this is an indispensable resource for psychiatrists, psychologists, neurologists, social workers, speech therapists, educators, and all others in the continuum of care.
