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Author : A. A. Hoffmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (78 download)
Download or read book Evolutionary Genetics and Environmental Stress written by A. A. Hoffmann and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Ary A. Hoffmann
Publisher : Oxford University Press on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9780198540816
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)
Download or read book Evolutionary Genetics and Environmental Stress written by Ary A. Hoffmann and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 1993 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now available in paper, this stimulating book concentrates on evolutionary change under environmental stress at levels ranging from the molecular to the biogeographic, with an emphasis on genetic aspects. This approach contrasts with most of the literature of evolutionary biology, as theemphasis here is upon the extreme end of the stress gradient in terms of resistance. Major topics in this interdisciplinary book include the concept of stress and its evolutionary and ecological importance; genetic variation in stress response and the effects of stress on genetic variation; and costs and trade-offs involving stress responses. An approach to stress resistance interms of energetics permits the development of links between genetics, ecology, physiology, and behaviour. The book concludes with applications concerning range expansions of species, conservation strategies, and pollution effects.
Author : K. Bijlsma
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034888821
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)
Download or read book Environmental Stress, Adaptation and Evolution written by K. Bijlsma and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most organisms and populations have to cope with hostile environments, threatening their existence. Their ability to respond phenotypically and genetically to these challenges and to evolve adaptive mechanisms is, therefore, crucial. The contributions to this book aim at understanding, from a evolutionary perspective, the impact of stress on biological systems. Scientists, applying different approaches spanning from the molecular and the protein level to individuals, populations and ecosystems, explore how organisms adapt to extreme environments, how stress changes genetic structure and affects life histories, how organisms cope with thermal stress through acclimation, and how environmental and genetic stress induce fluctuating asymmetry, shape selection pressure and cause extinction of populations. Finally, it discusses the role of stress in evolutionary change, from stress induced mutations and selection to speciation and evolution at the geological time scale. The book contains reviews and novel scientific results on the subject. It will be of interest to both researchers and graduate students and may serve as a text for graduate courses.
Author : Christian E.W. Steinberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9789400720725
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (27 download)
Download or read book Stress Ecology written by Christian E.W. Steinberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not all stress is stressful; instead, it appears that stress in the environment, below the mutation threshold, is essential for many subtle manifestations of population structures and biodiversity, and has played a substantial role in the evolution of life. Intrigued by the behavior of laboratory animals that contradicted our current understanding of stress, the author and his group studied the beneficial effects of stress on animals and plants. The seemingly “crazy” animals demonstrated that several stress paradigms are outdated and have to be reconsidered. The book describes the general stress responses in microorganisms, plants, and animals to abiotic and biotic, to natural and anthropogenic stressors. These stress responses include the activation of oxygen, the biotransformation system, the stress proteins, and the metal-binding proteins. The potential of stress response lies in the transcription of genes, whereas the actual response is manifested by proteins and metabolites. Yet, not all stress responses are in the genes: micro-RNAs and epigenetics play central roles. Multiple stressors, such as environmental realism, do not always act additively; they may even diminish one another. Furthermore, one stressor often prepares the subject for the next one to come and may produce extended lifespans and increased offspring numbers, thus causing shifts in population structures. This book provides the first comprehensive analysis of the ecological and evolutionary effects of stress.
Author : J.M. Storey
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080531121
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Environmental Stressors and Gene Responses written by J.M. Storey and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-07-31 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell and Molecular Responses to Stress is a new multi-volume book series from Elsevier Science that focuses on how organisms respond at a molecular level to environmental stresses imposed upon them. All organisms deal with variations in multiple environmental factors including temperature, oxygen, salinity, and water availability. Many show amazing tolerances to extreme stress with remarkable biochemical adaptations that allow life to persist under very difficult circumstances. This series explores the molecular mechanisms by which cells and organisms respond to stress, focusing on the variations in metabolic response that allow some cells and organisms to deal with extreme stress, others to endure stress within strict limits, and others to have a very low tolerance for changes in environmental parameters.Articles from within the series highlight the elastic limits of molecular responses in Nature, with examples drawn from animal, plant and bacteria systems.Volume 1, begins by considering some of the roles of environmental stress in determining the geographic distribution of animals and in promoting species divergence and then explores gene expression and metabolic responses to environmental stress with examples of adaptation to high and low temperature, osmotic, anoxia/ischemia, desiccation, high pressure and heavy metal stresses.
Author : Ary A. Hoffmann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521446594
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (465 download)
Download or read book Extreme Environmental Change and Evolution written by Ary A. Hoffmann and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-07-10 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most natural populations intermittently experience extremely stressful conditions. This book discusses how such conditions can cause periods of intense selection, increasing both phenotypic and genetic variation, and allowing organisms with novel characteristics to be first generated and then established in the population. The authors argue that stressful conditions can have a major impact on the environment, backing up their arguments with evidence from the fossil record. They suggest further that, as a consequence, periods of stress must be taken into consideration when long term conservation strategies are planned, particularly as stressful conditions are becoming increasingly prevalent as a result of human activities. This broad overview will be of great interest to students and researchers in the field of evolutionary biology, genetics, ecology, palaeontology and conservation biology.
Author : David S. Moore
Publisher : Macmillan
ISBN 13 : 9780805072808
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (728 download)
Download or read book The Dependent Gene written by David S. Moore and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2003-02-05 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an analysis of the nature vs. nuture debate, arguing for an end to the 'either/or' nature of the discussions in favor of a recognition that environmental and genetic factors interact throughout life to form human traits.
Author : V. Loeschcke
Publisher : Birkhäuser
ISBN 13 : 3034885105
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (348 download)
Download or read book Conservation Genetics written by V. Loeschcke and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2013-03-11 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It follows naturally from the widely accepted Darwinian dictum that failures of populations or of species to adapt and to evolve under changing environments will result in their extinction. Population geneti cists have proclaimed a centerstage role in developing conservation biology theory and applications. However, we must critically reexamine what we know and how we can make rational contributions. We ask: Is genetic variation really important for the persistence of species? Has any species become extinct because it ran out of genetic variation or because of inbreeding depression? Are demographic and environmental stochas ticity by far more important for the fate of a population or species than genetic stochasticity (genetic drift and inbreeding)? Is there more to genetics than being a tool for assessing reproductive units and migration rates? Does conventional wisdom on inbreeding and "magic numbers" or rules of thumb on critical effective population sizes (MVP estimators) reflect any useful guidelines in conservation biology? What messages or guidelines from genetics can we reliably provide to those that work with conservation in practice? Is empirical work on numerous threatened habitats and taxa gathering population genetic information that we can use to test these guidelines? These and other questions were raised in the invitation to a symposium on conservation genetics held in May 1993 in pleasant surroundings at an old manor house in southern Jutland, Denmark.
Author : Jean Guex
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783030472818
Total Pages : 322 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)
Download or read book Morphogenesis, Environmental Stress and Reverse Evolution written by Jean Guex and published by Springer. This book was released on 2021-07-25 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is widely acknowledged that life has adapted to its environment, but the precise mechanism remains unknown since Natural Selection, Descent with Modification and Survival of the Fittest are metaphors that cannot be scientifically tested. In this unique text, invertebrate and vertebrate biologists illuminate the effects of physiologic stress on epigenetic responses in the process of evolutionary adaptation from unicellular organisms to invertebrates and vertebrates, respectively. This book offers a novel perspective on the mechanisms underlying evolution. Capacities for morphologic alterations and epigenetic adaptations subject to environmental stresses are demonstrated in both unicellular and multicellular organisms. Furthermore, the underlying cellular-molecular mechanisms that mediate stress for adaptation will be elucidated wherever possible. These include examples of ‘reverse evolution’ by Professor Guex for Ammonites and for mammals by Professor Torday and Dr. Miller. This provides empiric evidence that the conventional way of thinking about evolution as unidirectional is incorrect, leaving open the possibility that it is determined by cell-cell interactions, not sexual selection and reproductive strategy. Rather, the process of evolution can be productively traced through the conservation of an identifiable set of First Principles of Physiology that began with the unicellular form and have been consistently maintained, as reflected by the return to the unicellular state over the course of the life cycle.
Author : Francisco José Ayala
Publisher : Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)
Download or read book Population and Evolutionary Genetics written by Francisco José Ayala and published by Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company. This book was released on 1982 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Alan H. Bittles
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1349141631
Total Pages : 217 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (491 download)
Download or read book Stress written by Alan H. Bittles and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The collected papers in this volume cover the effects of environmental stress under a biological and energetic model. Examples are taken from fossil and living animal populations, and from outlier human populations and traditional societies. These examples indicate that stress increases energy demands and so reduces reproductive fitness. A wide range of stressful situations also are analyzed under the less stringent conditions experienced by modern human populations, when cultural factors assume importance. These emphasize the interaction between genetic, physiological, psychological and social factors in everyday life and in clinical settings.
Author : J.S.F. Barker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146848768X
Total Pages : 528 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics of Drosophila written by J.S.F. Barker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecological and evolutionary genetics span many disciplines and virtually all levels of biological investigation, from the genetic information itself to the principles governing the complex organization of living things. The ideas and informa tion generated by ecological and evolutionary genetics provide the substance for strong inferences on the origins, changes and patterns of structural and functional organization in bio logical communi ties. It is the coordination of these ideas and thoughts that will provide the answers to many fundamental questions in biology. There is no doubt that Drosophilids provide strong model systems amenable to experimental manipulation and useful for testing pertinent hypotheses in ecological and evolutionary genetics. The chapters in this volume represent efforts to use Drosophila species for such a purpose. The volume consists of a dedication to William B. Heed, followed by four major sections: Ecological Genetics, Habitat Selection, Biochemical Genetics and Molecular Evolution. Each section is introduced by a short statement, and each chapter has an independent summary. The chapters contain the sub stance of talks given at a joint Australia-US workshop held January 5-10, 1989 at the University of New England, New South Wales, Australia. We are indebted to the Division of International Programs of the National Science Foundation (USA) and to the Science and Technology Collaboration Section of the Department of Industry, Technology and Commerce (Australia) for the provi sion of financial support under the US/Australia Science and Technology Agreement. Many people contributed to the preparation of this volume.
Author : Mark P. Mattson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1607614952
Total Pages : 219 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (76 download)
Download or read book Hormesis written by Mark P. Mattson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-12-01 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hormesis is a poorly understood phenomenon affecting all forms of life on earth. This groundbreaking book summarizes and analyzes the various positives of hormesis in an attempt to reveal hormesis as a fundamental principle of biomedical sciences as a whole.
Author : Peter Calow
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Evolution, Ecology and Environmental Stress written by Peter Calow and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Papers from a symposium. The aim was to clarify the concept of stress and to consider its use as a probe of ecological systems and evolutionary processes. There was also an effort to consider the impact of stress at various levels of biological organization and to investigate the extent to which impacts at one level might be related to changes at others.
Author : Frans J. de Bruijn
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119004896
Total Pages : 1472 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria written by Frans J. de Bruijn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-07-13 with total page 1472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bacteria in various habitats are subject to continuously changing environmental conditions, such as nutrient deprivation, heat and cold stress, UV radiation, oxidative stress, dessication, acid stress, nitrosative stress, cell envelope stress, heavy metal exposure, osmotic stress, and others. In order to survive, they have to respond to these conditions by adapting their physiology through sometimes drastic changes in gene expression. In addition they may adapt by changing their morphology, forming biofilms, fruiting bodies or spores, filaments, Viable But Not Culturable (VBNC) cells or moving away from stress compounds via chemotaxis. Changes in gene expression constitute the main component of the bacterial response to stress and environmental changes, and involve a myriad of different mechanisms, including (alternative) sigma factors, bi- or tri-component regulatory systems, small non-coding RNA’s, chaperones, CHRIS-Cas systems, DNA repair, toxin-antitoxin systems, the stringent response, efflux pumps, alarmones, and modulation of the cell envelope or membranes, to name a few. Many regulatory elements are conserved in different bacteria; however there are endless variations on the theme and novel elements of gene regulation in bacteria inhabiting particular environments are constantly being discovered. Especially in (pathogenic) bacteria colonizing the human body a plethora of bacterial responses to innate stresses such as pH, reactive nitrogen and oxygen species and antibiotic stress are being described. An attempt is made to not only cover model systems but give a broad overview of the stress-responsive regulatory systems in a variety of bacteria, including medically important bacteria, where elucidation of certain aspects of these systems could lead to treatment strategies of the pathogens. Many of the regulatory systems being uncovered are specific, but there is also considerable “cross-talk” between different circuits. Stress and Environmental Regulation of Gene Expression and Adaptation in Bacteria is a comprehensive two-volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in stress and environmental control of gene expression in bacteria. Volume One contains key overview chapters, as well as content on one/two/three component regulatory systems and stress responses, sigma factors and stress responses, small non-coding RNAs and stress responses, toxin-antitoxin systems and stress responses, stringent response to stress, responses to UV irradiation, SOS and double stranded systems repair systems and stress, adaptation to both oxidative and osmotic stress, and desiccation tolerance and drought stress. Volume Two covers heat shock responses, chaperonins and stress, cold shock responses, adaptation to acid stress, nitrosative stress, and envelope stress, as well as iron homeostasis, metal resistance, quorum sensing, chemotaxis and biofilm formation, and viable but not culturable (VBNC) cells. Covering the full breadth of current stress and environmental control of gene expression studies and expanding it towards future advances in the field, these two volumes are a one-stop reference for (non) medical molecular geneticists interested in gene regulation under stress.
Author : Régis Ferrière
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1139453750
Total Pages : 447 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (394 download)
Download or read book Evolutionary Conservation Biology written by Régis Ferrière and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2004-06-10 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As anthropogenic environmental changes spread and intensify across the planet, conservation biologists have to analyze dynamics at large spatial and temporal scales. Ecological and evolutionary processes are then closely intertwined. In particular, evolutionary responses to anthropogenic environmental change can be so fast and pronounced that conservation biology can no longer afford to ignore them. To tackle this challenge, areas of conservation biology that are disparate ought to be integrated into a unified framework. Bringing together conservation genetics, demography, and ecology, this book introduces evolutionary conservation biology as an integrative approach to managing species in conjunction with ecological interactions and evolutionary processes. Which characteristics of species and which features of environmental change foster or hinder evolutionary responses in ecological systems? How do such responses affect population viability, community dynamics, and ecosystem functioning? Under which conditions will evolutionary responses ameliorate, rather than worsen, the impact of environmental change?
Author : Scott P. Carroll
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195306791
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)
Download or read book Conservation Biology written by Scott P. Carroll and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume will provide a treatment of evolutionary conservation biology that introduces and explains major concepts and also unifies recent theoretical and empirical advances.
