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Evolution Of Monetary Policy Instruments In Russia
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Book Synopsis Evolution of Monetary Policy Instruments in Russia by : Mr.David S. Hoelscher
Download or read book Evolution of Monetary Policy Instruments in Russia written by Mr.David S. Hoelscher and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1997-12-01 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the evolution of monetary policy in Russia, focusing on the period January 1992–December 1995. Special attention is given to the role of monetary policy instruments. Initially, policy was completely dominated by flows of credit from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (CBR) to the budget, to enterprises, and to other republics in the ruble area. Over time these flows have been reduced and indirect monetary instruments have become key elements of monetary policy implementation
Book Synopsis Evolution of Monetary Policy Instruments in Russia by : Tomás Baliño
Download or read book Evolution of Monetary Policy Instruments in Russia written by Tomás Baliño and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper analyzes the evolution of monetary policy in Russia, focusing on the period January 1992-December 1995. Special attention is given to the role of monetary policy instruments. Initially, policy was completely dominated by flows of credit from the Central Bank of the Russian Federation (CBR) to the budget, to enterprises, and to other republics in the ruble area. Over time these flows have been reduced and indirect monetary instruments have become key elements of monetary policy implementation.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND ISBN 13 :9781451833157 Total Pages :53 pages Book Rating :4.8/5 (331 download)
Book Synopsis Russian Federation: Selected Issues by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Russian Federation: Selected Issues written by International Monetary Fund and published by INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Selected Issues paper on the Russian Federation underlies inflation persistence and evolution in response to structural shocks. Inflation in Russia has been characterized by a considerable degree of persistence. An explicit inflation-targeting framework may help reduce firms' uncertainty about the future. This, in turn, may allow firms to be more forward-looking, thereby reducing persistence. The exchange rate is the Central Bank of Russia's (CBR) main policy instrument for controlling inflation. Allowing more nominal appreciation would help to keep inflation on a downward path and better anchor inflation expectations.
Book Synopsis Monetary Policy Rules for Russia by : Akram Esanov
Download or read book Monetary Policy Rules for Russia written by Akram Esanov and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper reviews the recent conduct of monetary policy and the central bank's rule-based behavior in Russia. Using different policy rules, we test whether the Bank of Russia reacts to changes in inflation, the output gap and the exchange rate in a consistent and predictable manner. Our results indicate that, during the period from 1993 to 2004, the Bank of Russia used monetary aggregates as the main policy instrument. Some estimations provide evidence that the Bank of Russia was more concerned with reducing inflation before 1995, while the priorities shifted towards exchange rate stabilization after 1995.
Book Synopsis The History of the Bank of Russia's Exchange Rate Policy by : Central Bank of the Russian Federation
Download or read book The History of the Bank of Russia's Exchange Rate Policy written by Central Bank of the Russian Federation and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the post-Soviet period of 1992-98, the monetary policy of the Bank of Russia was essentially exchange rate-oriented due to overall economic and financial instability combined with hyperinflation (1992-94) and high inflation (1995-98). An exchange rate corridor system was introduced in 1995. The government debt crisis of 1998 triggered a shift to a managed floating exchange rate. After that crisis, exchange rate dynamics were largely market-driven. The exchange rate continued to be tightly managed through 2002-05. In 2004, less restrictive capital control regulations were adopted, marking a move from an authorization-based system to flow controls. The rouble experienced steady upward pressure and the Bank of Russia intervened repeatedly in the foreign exchange market to contain the rouble's appreciation. In 2005, the Bank of Russia introduced a dual-currency basket as the operational indicator for it exchange rate policy, again to smooth the volatility of the rouble's exchange rate vis-a-vis other major currencies. Following the global financial crisis, the Bank of Russia changed its policy focus towards moderating the rouble's depreciation. Interest rates were steadily raised, and a range of control measures was implemented. During 2009-12, the Bank of Russia further increased the flexibility of its exchange rate policy. Intervention volumes have steadily decreased. The overall scale of the exchange rate pass-through in the Russian economy has diminished in recent years. Greater flexibility on exchange rates has also let the Bank of Russia put increased emphasis on its interest rate policy. In 2013-14, the Bank of Russia plans to further increase the flexibility of the rouble exchange rate regime with a view to creating the conditions for a transition to a fully floating exchange rate regime by 2015.Full publication: "http://ssrn.com/abstract=2420030" Market Volatility and Foreign Exchange Intervention in EMEs: What Has Changed?
Book Synopsis Conditionality in Evolving Monetary Policy Regimes by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Conditionality in Evolving Monetary Policy Regimes written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-05-03 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With single-digit inflation and substantial financial deepening, developing countries are adopting more flexible and forward-looking monetary policy frameworks and ascribing a greater role to policy interest rates and inflation objectives. While some countries have adopted formal inflation targeting regimes, others have developed frameworks with greater target flexibility to accommodate changing money demand, use of policy rates to signal the monetary policy stance, and implicit inflation targets.
Book Synopsis Financial Markets Evolution by : Galina Panova
Download or read book Financial Markets Evolution written by Galina Panova and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-06-07 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Influenced by technological innovation, banks and their businesses are changing dramatically. This book explores the transformation and prospects of financial market institutions (banks, insurance companies, pension funds and microfinance organizations) in the context of the development of financial innovation, financial engineering and financial technologies, taking into account risks and new opportunities for development. It presents new approaches to the sustainable development of financial and credit institutions, taking into account the risk management and crisis management of their activities in the macro and microeconomic environment. Contributors from Russia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Mongolia, Ireland and Italy present their expert opinions on the practice of financial intermediaries in the conditions of economic transformation under the influence of the 4th Industrial Revolution and the Covid-19 pandemic. This book includes some of the key debates in this area including the genesis of financial markets in the paradigm of economic digitalization, the evolution of financial intermediaries from the classical model to the ecosystem, and the regulation of neo-banks. The book will be of interest to academics and practitioners in various spheres of theoretical and empirical knowledge, including economics, finance and banking, who are interested in investigation of the complex of fundamental (international and domestic) trends in the development of financial intermediation in the globalized financial markets.
Book Synopsis Monetary Policy Implementation: Operational Issues for Countries with Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks by : Nils Mæhle
Download or read book Monetary Policy Implementation: Operational Issues for Countries with Evolving Monetary Policy Frameworks written by Nils Mæhle and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-02-07 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper discusses operational issues for countries that want to reform their monetary policy frameworks. It argues that stabilizing short-term interest rates on a day-to-day basis has significant advantages, and thus that short-term interest rates, not reserve money, in most cases should be the daily operating target, including for countries relying on a money targeting policy strategy. The paper discusses how a policy formulation framework based on monetary aggregates can be combined with an operational framework that ensures more stable and predictable short-term rates to enhance policy transmission. It also discusses how to best configure an interest-rate-based operational framework when markets are underdeveloped and liqudity management capacity is weak.
Book Synopsis Inflation Expectations by : Peter J. N. Sinclair
Download or read book Inflation Expectations written by Peter J. N. Sinclair and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-16 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inflation is regarded by the many as a menace that damages business and can only make life worse for households. Keeping it low depends critically on ensuring that firms and workers expect it to be low. So expectations of inflation are a key influence on national economic welfare. This collection pulls together a galaxy of world experts (including Roy Batchelor, Richard Curtin and Staffan Linden) on inflation expectations to debate different aspects of the issues involved. The main focus of the volume is on likely inflation developments. A number of factors have led practitioners and academic observers of monetary policy to place increasing emphasis recently on inflation expectations. One is the spread of inflation targeting, invented in New Zealand over 15 years ago, but now encompassing many important economies including Brazil, Canada, Israel and Great Britain. Even more significantly, the European Central Bank, the Bank of Japan and the United States Federal Bank are the leading members of another group of monetary institutions all considering or implementing moves in the same direction. A second is the large reduction in actual inflation that has been observed in most countries over the past decade or so. These considerations underscore the critical – and largely underrecognized - importance of inflation expectations. They emphasize the importance of the issues, and the great need for a volume that offers a clear, systematic treatment of them. This book, under the steely editorship of Peter Sinclair, should prove very important for policy makers and monetary economists alike.
Book Synopsis Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Coordination of Monetary and Fiscal Policies written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-03-01 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, monetary authorities have increasingly focused on implementing policies to ensure price stability and strengthen central bank independence. Simultaneously, in the fiscal area, market development has allowed public debt managers to focus more on cost minimization. This “divorce” of monetary and debt management functions in no way lessens the need for effective coordination of monetary and fiscal policy if overall economic performance is to be optimized and maintained in the long term. This paper analyzes these issues based on a review of the relevant literature and of country experiences from an institutional and operational perspective.
Author :George Garvy Publisher :New York : Published for the National Bureau of Economic Research by Ballinger Publishing Company, Cambridge, Mass. ISBN 13 : Total Pages :248 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (44 download)
Book Synopsis Money, Financial Flows, and Credit in the Soviet Union by : George Garvy
Download or read book Money, Financial Flows, and Credit in the Soviet Union written by George Garvy and published by New York : Published for the National Bureau of Economic Research by Ballinger Publishing Company, Cambridge, Mass.. This book was released on 1977 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic research monograph on banking and monetary policy in the USSR - covers foreign exchange, trade and the balance of payments, price stabilization policies, the nature of capital flows, foreign investments, financial planning, the credit system, etc. Bibliography pp. 204 to 218, diagram and references.
Book Synopsis Monetary Policy Transmission in Emerging Markets and Developing Economies by : Mr.Luis Brandao-Marques
Download or read book Monetary Policy Transmission in Emerging Markets and Developing Economies written by Mr.Luis Brandao-Marques and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2020-02-21 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Central banks in emerging and developing economies (EMDEs) have been modernizing their monetary policy frameworks, often moving toward inflation targeting (IT). However, questions regarding the strength of monetary policy transmission from interest rates to inflation and output have often stalled progress. We conduct a novel empirical analysis using Jordà’s (2005) approach for 40 EMDEs to shed a light on monetary transmission in these countries. We find that interest rate hikes reduce output growth and inflation, once we explicitly account for the behavior of the exchange rate. Having a modern monetary policy framework—adopting IT and independent and transparent central banks—matters more for monetary transmission than financial development.
Book Synopsis Monetary and Currency Policy Management in Asia by : Masahiro Kawai
Download or read book Monetary and Currency Policy Management in Asia written by Masahiro Kawai and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Asian economies strengthened their monetary and currency management after the Asian financial crisis of 19971998, and came through the global financial crisis of 20072009 relatively well. Nevertheless, the recent global crisis has presented new challenges. This book develops recommendations for monetary and currency policy in Asian economies aimed at promoting macroeconomic and financial stability in an environment of global economic shocks and volatile capital flows. Monetary and Currency Policy Management in Asia draws lessons from crises and makes concrete macroeconomic policy recommendations aimed at minimizing the impacts of an economic and financial downturn, and setting the stage for an early return to sustainable growth. The focus is on short-term measures related to the cycle. The three main areas addressed are: monetary policy measures, both conventional and unconventional, to achieve both macroeconomic and financial stability; exchange rate policy and foreign exchange reserve management, including the potential for regional cooperation to stabilize currency movements; and ways to ease the constraints on policy resulting from the so-called 'impossible trinity' of fixed exchange rates, open capital accounts and independent monetary policy. This is one of the first books since the global financial crisis to specifically and comprehensively address the implications of the crisis for monetary and currency policy in emerging market economies, especially in Asia. Presenting a broad menu of policy options for financial reform and regulation, the book will be of great interest to finance experts and policymakers in the region as well as academics and researchers of financial and Asian economics as well as economic development.
Book Synopsis Political Economy, Growth, and Business Cycles by : Alex Cukierman
Download or read book Political Economy, Growth, and Business Cycles written by Alex Cukierman and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These original contributions by some of today's leading macroeconomists and political economists explore a broad spectrum of social, political, and technological variables that encourage or impede economic growth. What political and economic factors stimulate growth and make an economy expand? These original contributions by some of today's leading macroeconomists and political economists explore a broad spectrum of social, political, and technological variables that encourage or impede economic growth. Topics range from economic reform and price flexibility to the economic effects of political coups and include both theoretical analysis and empirical results.During the past decade, economists have seen important new developments linking growth and business cycles to government policy. These contributions provide a clear understanding of these processes and their effect in shaping economic policy. They look at the welfare side of economics and offer strong economic models to explain the connection between social policies and economic growth. For example, John Londregan and Keith Poole address the economic effects of political coups, Torsten Persson and Guido Tabellini explore the question of whether inequality is harmful for growth, and Stephen Parente and Edward Prescott look at the role of technology adoption in stimulating growth.The essays cover a wide range of approaches. Several focus on the interaction between growth and the choice of policy, where policy reacts to economic and distributional considerations through a majority rule process. Others take the policy as given and focus on the empirical estimation of the speed of convergence of rates of growth across states and regions and the importance of externalities and knowledge spillovers for rates of growth. Essays about the business cycle fall into two broad categories. One, arising from the new political economy tradition, examines the effects of elections and price decontrols on the business cycle. The other explores the implications of optimal economic policies in a representative agent framework for the cyclical behavior of the economy.
Download or read book The Globalizers written by Ngaire Woods and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-11-15 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IMF and the World Bank have integrated a large number of countries into the world economy by requiring governments to open up to global trade, investment, and capital. They have not done this out of pure economic zeal. Politics and their own rules and habits explain much of why they have presented globalization as a solution to challenges they have faced in the world economy.—from the Introduction The greatest success of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank has been as globalizers. But at whose cost? Would borrowing countries be better off without the IMF and World Bank? This book takes readers inside these institutions and the governments they work with. Ngaire Woods brilliantly decodes what they do and why they do it, using original research, extensive interviews carried out across many countries and institutions, and scholarship from the fields of economics, law, and politics. The Globalizers focuses on both the political context of IMF and World Bank actions and their impact on the countries in which they intervene. After describing the important debates between U.S. planners and the Allies in the 1944 foundation at Bretton Woods, she analyzes understandings of their missions over the last quarter century. She traces the impact of the Bank and the Fund in the recent economic history of Mexico, of post-Soviet Russia, and in the independent states of Africa. Woods concludes by proposing a range of reforms that would make the World Bank and the IMF more effective, equitable, and just.
Book Synopsis A Fistful of Rubles by : Juliet Johnson
Download or read book A Fistful of Rubles written by Juliet Johnson and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the breakup of the USSR, it briefly appeared as though Russia's emerging commercial banks might act as engines of growth for a new capitalist economy. However, despite more than a decade of "reforms," Russia's financial system collapsed in 1998. Why had ambitious efforts to decentralize and liberalize the banking industry failed? In A Fistful of Rubles, Juliet Johnson offers the first comprehensive look at how Russia's banks, once expected to revitalize the nation's economy, instead became one of the largest obstacles to its recovery.Drawing on interviews with Russian bankers, policymakers, and entrepreneurs, Johnson traces the evolution of the banking system from 1987 through the aftermath of the 1998 crash. She describes how dysfunctional institutional procedures left over from the Soviet period hindered the subsequent development of sound financial practices. Johnson argues that these legacies, along with misguided, Western-inspired liberalization policies, led to the creation of parasitic banks for which success depended on political connections rather than on investment strategies. Johnson demonstrates that banking reform efforts ultimately did more harm than good, because Russian officials and their international advisers failed to build the corresponding economic, legal, and political institutions upon which modern market behavior depends.
Download or read book Payment Systems in Russia written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
