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Evolution From A Thermodynamic Perspective
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Book Synopsis Evolution from a Thermodynamic Perspective by : Carl F Jordan
Download or read book Evolution from a Thermodynamic Perspective written by Carl F Jordan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Survival of the fittest” is a tautology, because those that are “fit” are the ones that survive, but to survive, a species must be “fit”. Modern evolutionary theory avoids the problem by defining fitness as reproductive success, but the complexity of life that we see today could not have evolved based on selection that favors only reproductive ability. There is nothing inherent in reproductive success alone that could result in higher forms of life. Evolution from a Thermodynamic Perspective presents a non-circular definition of fitness and a thermodynamic definition of evolution. Fitness means maximization of power output, necessary to survive in a competitive world. Evolution is the “storage of entropy”. “Entropy storage” means that solar energy, instead of dissipating as heat in the Earth, is stored in the structure of living organisms and ecosystems. Part one explains this in terms comprehensible to a scientific audience beyond biophysicists and ecosystem modelers. Part two applies thermodynamic theory in non-esoteric language to sustainability of agriculture, and to conservation of endangered species. While natural systems are stabilized by feedback, agricultural systems remain in a mode of perpetual growth, pressured by balance of trade and by a swelling population. The constraints imposed by thermodynamic laws are being increasingly felt as economic expansion destabilizes resource systems on which expansion depends.
Book Synopsis Every Life Is on Fire by : Jeremy England
Download or read book Every Life Is on Fire written by Jeremy England and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A preeminent physicist unveils a field-defining theory of the origins and purpose of life. Why are we alive? Most things in the universe aren't. And everything that is alive traces back to things that, puzzlingly, weren't. For centuries, the scientific question of life's origins has confounded us. But in Every Life Is on Fire, physicist Jeremy England argues that the answer has been under our noses the whole time, deep within the laws of thermodynamics. England explains how, counterintuitively, the very same forces that tend to tear things apart assembled the first living systems. But how life began isn't just a scientific question. We ask it because we want to know what it really means to be alive. So England, an ordained rabbi, uses his theory to examine how, if at all, science helps us find purpose in a vast and mysterious universe. In the tradition of Viktor Frankl's Man's Search for Meaning, Every Life Is on Fire is a profound testament to how something can come from nothing.
Book Synopsis Thermodynamic Dissipation Theory of the Origin and Evolution of Life by : Karo Michaelian
Download or read book Thermodynamic Dissipation Theory of the Origin and Evolution of Life written by Karo Michaelian and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2016-12-29 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How did life on Earth arise? This question has captured the imagination of curious minds ever since the dawn of humanity. Countless myths have been told, but a plausible scientific explanation has resisted 160 years of vigorous research since Darwin. Now, for the first time in this book, physicist Karo Michaelian reviews a bold new theory founded on non-equilibrium thermodynamic principles. As with all irreversible processes, life could only arise, proliferate, and evolve by dissipating an external generalized chemical potential. Michaelian identifies this external potential as the ultraviolet (UV-C) photon potential arriving at Earth's surface during the Archean and the fundamental molecules of life as "self-organized" microscopic dissipative structures, i.e. pigments in the UV-C. The theory is drawing a lot of attention because of its ability to explain many of the salient characteristics of the fundamental molecules of life and because it provides a reason for the evolution of a complex biosphere. Large amounts of empirical data from epochs all the way back to the beginning of life and from some of Michaelian's own experiments all support the new theory. The implications are serious for many contemporary paradigms concerning life and evolution. Even the cherished Darwinian paradigm, with its implicit metaphysical "will to survive," selection only at the level of the organism, and the inescapable tautology in "survival of the survivors" (irrespective of Popper's recanting) must be reformulated on thermodynamic principles, and the way to accomplish this is presented in the book. Michaelian concludes that life similar, and not so similar, to our own should exist everywhere in the Universe wherever there exists the organic elements, UV-C light, and a dissipative solvent medium. In fact, he suggests that we have already discovered extraterrestrial life on other planets of our own solar system, and even within the galactic interstellar clouds of gas and dust, but have yet to recognize it as such under the old paradigms. A program for best searching for this extraterrestrial life at the different stages of its dissipation development is detailed within the book. Karo Michaelian has Ph.D. in physics from the University of Alberta, Canada and has worked at various research institutes throughout the world in topics ranging from nuclear physics and nanoparticles to complex systems and non-equilibrium thermodynamics. His book makes fascinating reading in understandable language for the serious amateur but also contains much detail, including mathematical derivation of thermodynamic principles, for the professional who wants an in-depth understanding. The book contains 422 pages with 140 images and diagrams and 414 references. A detailed historical sketch of origin and evolution of life research is presented and critically analyzed, including; Ideas from Antiquity, Darwinian Theory, the Miller Experiments, the RNA World, Panspermia, and Gaia Theory. The thermodynamic foundations of the new theory are developed in the first 6 chapters and the corroborating evidence presented in the next 12. Another 2 chapters discuss contemporary paradigms in need of reform, and the last discusses dissipative life in other parts of the Universe. Mathematical demonstrations are left to boxes that can be skipped without much loss of continuity of argument. Analogies help to make the theory understandable to those who may not have formal training in mathematics or who lack an understanding of non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
Book Synopsis Information Theory And Evolution (Third Edition) by : John Scales Avery
Download or read book Information Theory And Evolution (Third Edition) written by John Scales Avery and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2021-11-24 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This highly interdisciplinary book discusses the phenomenon of life, including its origin and evolution, against the background of thermodynamics, statistical mechanics, and information theory. Among the central themes is the seeming contradiction between the second law of thermodynamics and the high degree of order and complexity produced by living systems. As the author shows, this paradox has its resolution in the information content of the Gibbs free energy that enters the biosphere from outside sources. Another focus of the book is the role of information in human cultural evolution, which is also discussed with the origin of human linguistic abilities. One of the final chapters addresses the merging of information technology and biotechnology into a new discipline — bioinformation technology.This third edition has been updated to reflect the latest scientific and technological advances. Professor Avery makes use of the perspectives of famous scholars such as Professor Noam Chomsky and Nobel Laureates John O'Keefe, May-Britt Moser and Edward Moser to cast light on the evolution of human languages. The mechanism of cell differentiation, and the rapid acceleration of information technology in the 21st century are also discussed.With various research disciplines becoming increasingly interrelated today, Information Theory and Evolution provides nuance to the conversation between bioinformatics, information technology, and pertinent social-political issues. This book is a welcome voice in working on the future challenges that humanity will face as a result of scientific and technological progress.
Book Synopsis Thermodynamic Foundations of the Earth System by : Axel Kleidon
Download or read book Thermodynamic Foundations of the Earth System written by Axel Kleidon and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-11 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermodynamics sets fundamental laws for all physical processes and is central to driving and maintaining planetary dynamics. But how do Earth system processes perform work, where do they derive energy from, and what are the limits? This accessible book describes how the laws of thermodynamics apply to Earth system processes, from solar radiation to motion, geochemical cycling and biotic activity. It presents a novel view of the thermodynamic Earth system explaining how it functions and evolves, how different forms of disequilibrium are being maintained, and how evolutionary trends can be interpreted as thermodynamic trends. It also offers an original perspective on human activity, formulating this in terms of a thermodynamic, Earth system process. This book uses simple conceptual models and basic mathematical treatments to illustrate the application of thermodynamics to Earth system processes, making it ideal for researchers and graduate students across a range of Earth and environmental science disciplines.
Book Synopsis Into the Cool by : Eric D. Schneider
Download or read book Into the Cool written by Eric D. Schneider and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2005-06 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors look to the laws of thermodynamics for answers to the questions of evolution, ecology, economics, and even life's origin.
Book Synopsis Thermodynamic Approaches in Engineering Systems by : Stanislaw Sieniutycz
Download or read book Thermodynamic Approaches in Engineering Systems written by Stanislaw Sieniutycz and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-05-20 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermodynamic Approaches in Engineering Systems responds to the need for a synthesizing volume that throws light upon the extensive field of thermodynamics from a chemical engineering perspective that applies basic ideas and key results from the field to chemical engineering problems. This book outlines and interprets the most valuable achievements in applied non-equilibrium thermodynamics obtained within the recent fifty years. It synthesizes nontrivial achievements of thermodynamics in important branches of chemical and biochemical engineering. Readers will gain an update on what has been achieved, what new research problems could be stated, and what kind of further studies should be developed within specialized research. - Presents clearly structured chapters beginning with an introduction, elaboration of the process, and results summarized in a conclusion - Written by a first-class expert in the field of advanced methods in thermodynamics - Provides a synthesis of recent thermodynamic developments in practical systems - Presents very elaborate literature discussions from the past fifty years
Book Synopsis Multiscale Thermo-Dynamics by : Michal Pavelka
Download or read book Multiscale Thermo-Dynamics written by Michal Pavelka and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One common feature of new emerging technologies is the fusion of the very small (nano) scale and the large scale engineering. The classical environment provided by single scale theories, as for instance by the classical hydrodynamics, is not anymore satisfactory. The main challenge is to keep the important details while still be able to keep the overall picture and simplicity. It is the thermodynamics that addresses this challenge. Our main reason for writing this book is to explain such general viewpoint of thermodynamics and to illustrate it on a very wide range of examples. Contents Levels of description Hamiltonian mechanics Irreversible evolution Reversible and irreversible evolution Multicomponent systems Contact geometry Appendix: Mathematical aspects
Book Synopsis Extended Thermodynamics by : Ingo Müller
Download or read book Extended Thermodynamics written by Ingo Müller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-08 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physicists firmly believe that the differential equations of nature should be hyperbolic so as to exclude action at a distance; yet the equations of irreversible thermodynamics - those of Navier-Stokes and Fourier - are parabolic. This incompatibility between the expectation of physicists and the classical laws of thermodynamics has prompted the formulation of extended thermodynamics. After describing the motifs and early evolution of this new branch of irreversible thermodynamics, the authors apply the theory to mon-atomic gases, mixtures of gases, relativistic gases, and "gases" of phonons and photons. The discussion brings into perspective the various phenomena called second sound, such as heat propagation, propagation of shear stress and concentration, and the second sound in liquid helium. The formal mathematical structure of extended thermodynamics is exposed and the theory is shown to be fully compatible with the kinetic theory of gases. The study closes with the testing of extended thermodynamics through the exploitation of its predictions for measurements of light scattering and sound propagation.
Book Synopsis Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics by : Yasar Demirel
Download or read book Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics written by Yasar Demirel and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-12-16 with total page 787 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural phenomena consist of simultaneously occurring transport processes and chemical reactions. These processes may interact with each other and may lead to self-organized structures, fluctuations, instabilities, and evolutionary systems. Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics, Third Edition emphasizes the unifying role of thermodynamics in analyzing the natural phenomena. This third edition updates and expands on the first and second editions by focusing on the general balance equations for coupled processes of physical, chemical, and biological systems. The new edition contains a new chapter on stochastic approaches to include the statistical thermodynamics, mesoscopic nonequilibrium thermodynamics, fluctuation theory, information theory, and modeling the coupled biochemical systems in thermodynamic analysis. This new addition also comes with more examples and practice problems. - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field - Contributions from leading authorities and industry experts - A useful text for seniors and graduate students from diverse engineering and science programs to analyze some nonequilibrium, coupled, evolutionary, stochastic, and dissipative processes - Highlights fundamentals of equilibrium thermodynamics, transport processes and chemical reactions - Expands the theory of nonequilibrium thermodynamics and its use in coupled transport processes and chemical reactions in physical, chemical, and biological systems - Presents a unified analysis for transport and rate processes in various time and space scales - Discusses stochastic approaches in thermodynamic analysis including fluctuation and information theories - Has 198 fully solved examples and 287 practice problems - An Instructor Resource containing the Solution Manual can be obtained from the author: [email protected]
Book Synopsis The Physics of Life by : Adrian Bejan
Download or read book The Physics of Life written by Adrian Bejan and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2016-05-24 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An empowering new view of the nature of physics and the constant evolution of our physical and social world
Book Synopsis What is Life? the Physical Aspect of the Living Cell & Mind and Matter by : Erwin Schrödinger
Download or read book What is Life? the Physical Aspect of the Living Cell & Mind and Matter written by Erwin Schrödinger and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Essays by : Sven Erik Jørgensen
Download or read book Evolutionary Essays written by Sven Erik Jørgensen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-18 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evolution is nature's most fascinating process, the possibility given sufficient time to combine simple inorganic compounds to more and more complex biochemical compounds, which make up more and more complex organisms. It is therefore crucial in our effort to understand the evolution to see it from as many different angles as possible. This books draw an image of evolution from the thermodynamic viewpoint, which gives new and surprising insights into the processes and mechanisms that have driven evolution. This new thermodynamic interpretation has made it possible to quantify the various steps of evolution and to show that evolution has followed an exponential growth curve. - The first comprehensive thermodynamic interpretation and explanation of evolution - This thermodynamic interpretation makes it possible to quantify the various steps of evolution - This interpretation explains the wide spectrum of different mechanisms on which the evolution has been based
Book Synopsis Physics of Self-Organization and Evolution by : Werner Ebeling
Download or read book Physics of Self-Organization and Evolution written by Werner Ebeling and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-09-19 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thoroughly updated version of the German authoritative work on self-organization has been completely rewritten by internationally renowned experts and experienced book authors to also include a review of more recent literature. It retains the original enthusiasm and fascination surrounding thermodynamic systems far from equilibrium, synergetics, and the origin of life, representing an easily readable book and tutorial on this exciting field. The book is unique in covering in detail the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of self-organizing systems as well as such selected features as random processes, structural networks and multistable systems, while focusing on the physical and theoretical modeling of natural selection and evolution processes. The authors take examples from physics, chemistry, biology and social systems, and include results hitherto unpublished in English. The result is a one-stop resource relevant for students and scientists in physics or related interdisciplinary fields, including mathematical physics, biophysics, information science and nanotechnology.
Book Synopsis Cosmic Evolution by : Eric J. Chaisson
Download or read book Cosmic Evolution written by Eric J. Chaisson and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2001-02-16 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chaisson addresses some of the most basic issues we can contemplate: the origin of matter and the origin of life, and the ways matter, life, and radiation interact and change with time. He designs for us an expansive yet intricate model depicting the origin and evolution of all material structures.
Book Synopsis Evolution As Entropy by : Daniel R. Brooks
Download or read book Evolution As Entropy written by Daniel R. Brooks and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1988-10-15 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition in just two years offers a considerably revised second chapter, in which information behavior replaces analogies to purely physical systems, as well as practical applications of the authors' theory. Attention is also given to a hierarchical theory of ecosystem behavior, taking note of constraints on local ecosystem members resul.
Book Synopsis Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and the Production of Entropy by : Axel Kleidon
Download or read book Non-equilibrium Thermodynamics and the Production of Entropy written by Axel Kleidon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2004-11-18 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present volume studies the application of concepts from non-equilibrium thermodynamics to a variety of research topics. Emphasis is on the Maximum Entropy Production (MEP) principle and applications to Geosphere-Biosphere couplings. Written by leading researchers from a wide range of backgrounds, the book presents a first coherent account of an emerging field at the interface of thermodynamics, geophysics and life sciences.
