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Evolution And Crime
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Book Synopsis Evolution and Crime by : Jason Roach
Download or read book Evolution and Crime written by Jason Roach and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human physique and behaviour has been shaped by the pressures of natural selection. This is received wisdom in all scientifically informed circles. Currently, the topic of crime is rarely touched upon in textbooks on evolution and the topic of evolution rarely even mentioned in criminology textbooks. This book for the first time explores how an evolution informed criminology has clear implications for enhancing our understanding of the criminal law, crime and criminal behaviour. This book is directed more towards students of criminology than students of evolution. It is suggested that there is scope for more collaborative work, with criminologists and crime scientists exposed to Darwinian thought having much to gain. What is suggested is simply that such thinking provides a fresh perspective. If that perspective yields only a fraction of the understanding when applied to crime as it has elsewhere in science, the effort will have been worthwhile. The authors attempt to provide a modest appraisal of the potential contribution that a more welcoming approach to the evolutionary perspective would make to criminology; both theoretically (by expanding understanding of the complexity of the origins of behaviour labelled criminal) and practically (where the evolutionary approach can be utilised to inform crime control policy and practice). An evolutionary lens is applied to diverse criminological topics such as the origins of criminal law, female crime, violence, and environmental factors involved in crime causation.
Book Synopsis Crimes against Humanity by : M. Cherif Bassiouni
Download or read book Crimes against Humanity written by M. Cherif Bassiouni and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-04-25 with total page 885 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the evolution of crimes against humanity (CAH) and their application from the end of World War I to the present day, in terms of both historic legal analysis and subject-matter content. The first part of the book addresses general issues pertaining to the categorization of CAH in normative jurisprudential and doctrinal terms. This is followed by an analysis of the specific contents of CAH, describing its historic phases going through international criminal tribunals, mixed model tribunals and the International Criminal Court. The book examines the general parts and defenses of the crime, along with the history and jurisprudence of both international and national prosecutions. For the first time, a list of all countries that have enacted national legislation specifically directed at CAH is collected, along with all of the national prosecutions that have occurred under national legislation up to 2010.
Book Synopsis Environmental Criminology by : Martin A. Andresen
Download or read book Environmental Criminology written by Martin A. Andresen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of environmental criminology is a staple theoretical framework in contemporary criminological theory. With this book, Martin Andresen presents the first comprehensive and sole-authored textbook on this influential and compelling school of criminological thought. He covers a wide range of topics, including: the origins of environmental criminology; the primary theoretical frameworks, such as routine activity theory, geometric theory of crime, rational choice theory, and the pattern theory of crime; the practical application of environmental criminology; an examination of how theories are operationalized and tested; policy implications for the practice of crime prevention. As well as these "popular topics", Andresen also discusses also a number of topics that are at the leading edge of research within environmental criminology. This text will be ideal for courses on crime prevention, where students are often encouraged to consider policy problems and apply theory to practice. This book offers up environmental criminology as a theoretical framework for making sense of complex neighbourhood problems, meaning that it will be perfect for modules on geography of crime, crime analysis and indeed, environmental criminology. It would also be a good supplement for courses on criminological theory.
Book Synopsis Evolution and Crime by : Jason Roach
Download or read book Evolution and Crime written by Jason Roach and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human physique and behaviour has been shaped by the pressures of natural selection. This is received wisdom in all scientifically informed circles. Currently, the topic of crime is rarely touched upon in textbooks on evolution and the topic of evolution rarely even mentioned in criminology textbooks. This book for the first time explores how an evolution informed criminology has clear implications for enhancing our understanding of the criminal law, crime and criminal behaviour. This book is directed more towards students of criminology than students of evolution. It is suggested that there is scope for more collaborative work, with criminologists and crime scientists exposed to Darwinian thought having much to gain. What is suggested is simply that such thinking provides a fresh perspective. If that perspective yields only a fraction of the understanding when applied to crime as it has elsewhere in science, the effort will have been worthwhile. The authors attempt to provide a modest appraisal of the potential contribution that a more welcoming approach to the evolutionary perspective would make to criminology; both theoretically (by expanding understanding of the complexity of the origins of behaviour labelled criminal) and practically (where the evolutionary approach can be utilised to inform crime control policy and practice). An evolutionary lens is applied to diverse criminological topics such as the origins of criminal law, female crime, violence, and environmental factors involved in crime causation.
Book Synopsis The Evolution of the Juvenile Court by : Barry C. Feld
Download or read book The Evolution of the Juvenile Court written by Barry C. Feld and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2019-06-01 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner, 2020 ACJS Outstanding Book Award, given by the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences A major statement on the juvenile justice system by one of America’s leading experts The juvenile court lies at the intersection of youth policy and crime policy. Its institutional practices reflect our changing ideas about children and crime control. The Evolution of the Juvenile Court provides a sweeping overview of the American juvenile justice system’s development and change over the past century. Noted law professor and criminologist Barry C. Feld places special emphasis on changes over the last 25 years—the ascendance of get tough crime policies and the more recent Supreme Court recognition that “children are different.” Feld’s comprehensive historical analyses trace juvenile courts’ evolution though four periods—the original Progressive Era, the Due Process Revolution in the 1960s, the Get Tough Era of the 1980s and 1990s, and today’s Kids Are Different era. In each period, changes in the economy, cities, families, race and ethnicity, and politics have shaped juvenile courts’ policies and practices. Changes in juvenile courts’ ends and means—substance and procedure—reflect shifting notions of children’s culpability and competence. The Evolution of the Juvenile Court examines how conservative politicians used coded racial appeals to advocate get tough policies that equated children with adults and more recent Supreme Court decisions that draw on developmental psychology and neuroscience research to bolster its conclusions about youths’ reduced criminal responsibility and diminished competence. Feld draws on lessons from the past to envision a new, developmentally appropriate justice system for children. Ultimately, providing justice for children requires structural changes to reduce social and economic inequality—concentrated poverty in segregated urban areas—that disproportionately expose children of color to juvenile courts’ punitive policies. Historical, prescriptive, and analytical, The Evolution of the Juvenile Court evaluates the author’s past recommendations to abolish juvenile courts in light of this new evidence, and concludes that separate, but reformed, juvenile courts are necessary to protect children who commit crimes and facilitate their successful transition to adulthood.
Download or read book On Evolution written by Charles Darwin and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers an introduction that presents Darwin's theory. This title includes excerpts from Darwin's correspondence, commenting on the work in question, and its significance, impact, and reception.
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Criminology by : Russil Durrant
Download or read book Evolutionary Criminology written by Russil Durrant and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-03-12 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In our attempts to understand crime, researchers typically focus on proximate factors such as the psychology of offenders, their developmental history, and the social structure in which they are embedded. While these factors are important, they don't tell the whole story. Evolutionary Criminology: Towards a Comprehensive Explanation of Crime explores how evolutionary biology adds to our understanding of why crime is committed, by whom, and our response to norm violations. This understanding is important both for a better understanding of what precipitates crime and to guide approaches for effectively managing criminal behavior. This book is divided into three parts. Part I reviews evolutionary biology concepts important for understanding human behavior, including crime. Part II focuses on theoretical approaches to explaining crime, including the evolution of cooperation, and the evolutionary history and function of violent crime, drug use, property offending, and white collar crime. The developmental origins of criminal behavior are described to account for the increase in offending during adolescence and early adulthood as well as to explain why some offenders are more likely to desist than others. Proximal causes of crime are examined, as well as cultural and structural processes influencing crime. Part III considers human motivation to punish norm violators and what this means for the development of a criminal justice system. This section also considers how an evolutionary approach contributes to our understanding of crime prevention and reduction. The section closes with an evolutionary approach to understanding offender rehabilitation and reintegration. - Reviews how evolutionary findings improve our understanding of crime and punishment - Examines motivations to offend, and to punish norm violators - Articulates evolutionary explanations for adolescent crime increase - Identifies how this knowledge can aid in crime prevention and reduction, and in offender rehabilitation
Book Synopsis The History, Evolution, and Current State of Female Offenders by : Alana Van Gundy
Download or read book The History, Evolution, and Current State of Female Offenders written by Alana Van Gundy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-01-20 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The History, Evolution, and Current State of Female Offenders: Recommendations for Advancing the Field summarizes what the field has learned about females and crime; details the status of legislation and criminological research focused on female criminality; and provides recommendations for advancing the field. Van Gundy and James present the material from a gendered approach with the goal of analyzing the current understanding of the relationship between gender and crime. Tracing the intellectual history of feminist criminology from its foundations to the present time, the authors follow four primary themes: What do we know about the relationship between gender and crime? What special needs do female offenders have? What works and doesn’t work for female offenders? What can or should we do from here? Reaching back to Carol Smart’s seminal 1976 book, Women, Crime and Criminology: A Feminist Critique (available through Routledge Revivals), the authors note that in some ways, modest progress has been made, but large gaps in research and policy still exist. This much-needed book provides an overarching view of the history and evolution of the understanding of the relationship between gender and crime, detailed analysis of seminal work and criminological studies, an exploration of incarceration, reentry and programing, and concrete recommendations for future research. These recommendations focus on the importance of creating and utilizing theoretical models that measure the role of gender and identity, inclusion of female-specific variables when examining and responding to criminality, and the necessity of policymakers and legislators to address female criminality from a gendered lens. The book will appeal to those who are interested in females and criminality, race and ethnicity, policy and evaluation, criminal behavior, criminology, and students in courses in sociology, psychology, women and gender studies, social justice, black world studies, gerontology, and criminology/criminal justice, as well as policymakers and practitioners in the field. It will inspire researchers to ask the kinds of questions that will advance the field of feminist criminology in the future.
Book Synopsis 21st Century Criminology: A Reference Handbook by : J. Mitchell Miller
Download or read book 21st Century Criminology: A Reference Handbook written by J. Mitchell Miller and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2009-08-06 with total page 961 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criminology has experienced tremendous growth over the last few decades, evident, in part, by the widespread popularity and increased enrollment in criminology and criminal justice departments at the undergraduate and graduate levels across the U.S. and internationally. Evolutionary paradigmatic shift has accompanied this surge in definitional, disciplinary and pragmatic terms. Though long identified as a leading sociological specialty area, criminology has emerged as a stand-alone discipline in its own right, one that continues to grow and is clearly here to stay. Criminology, today, remains inherently theoretical but is also far more applied in focus and thus more connected to the academic and practitioner concerns of criminal justice and related professional service fields. Contemporary criminology is also increasingly interdisciplinary and thus features a broad variety of ideological orientations to and perspectives on the causes, effects and responses to crime. 21st Century Criminology: A Reference Handbook provides straightforward and definitive overviews of 100 key topics comprising traditional criminology and its modern outgrowths. The individual chapters have been designed to serve as a "first-look" reference source for most criminological inquires. Both connected to the sociological origins of criminology (i.e., theory and research methods) and the justice systems′ response to crime and related social problems, as well as coverage of major crime types, this two-volume set offers a comprehensive overview of the current state of criminology. From student term papers and masters theses to researchers commencing literature reviews, 21st Century Criminology is a ready source from which to quickly access authoritative knowledge on a range of key issues and topics central to contemporary criminology. This two-volume set in the SAGE 21st Century Reference Series is intended to provide undergraduate majors with an authoritative reference source that will serve their research needs with more detailed information than encyclopedia entries but not so much jargon, detail, or density as a journal article or research handbook chapter. 100 entries or "mini-chapters" highlight the most important topics, issues, questions, and debates any student obtaining a degree in this field ought to have mastered for effectiveness in the 21st century. Curricular-driven, chapters provide students with initial footholds on topics of interest in researching term papers, in preparing for GREs, in consulting to determine directions to take in pursuing a senior thesis, graduate degree, career, etc. Comprehensive in coverage, major sections include The Discipline of Criminology, Correlates of Crime, Theories of Crime & Justice, Measurement & Research, Types of Crime, and Crime & the Justice System. The contributor group is comprised of well-known figures and emerging young scholars who provide authoritative overviews coupled with insightful discussion that will quickly familiarize researchers, students, and general readers alike with fundamental and detailed information for each topic. Uniform chapter structure makes it easy for students to locate key information, with most chapters following a format of Introduction, Theory, Methods, Applications, Comparison, Future Directions, Summary, Bibliography & Suggestions for Further Reading, and Cross References. Availability in print and electronic formats provides students with convenient, easy access wherever they may be.
Book Synopsis The Evolution of Violence by : Todd K. Shackelford
Download or read book The Evolution of Violence written by Todd K. Shackelford and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an interdisciplinary exploration of our understanding of the causes and consequences of violence. Represented in its chapters are noted scholars from a variety of fields including psychology, anthropology, law, and literature. The contributions reflect a broad scope of inquiry and diverse levels of analysis. With an underlying evolutionary theme each of the contributors invoke their separate areas of expertise, offering empirical and theoretical insights to this complex subject. The multi-faceted aspect of the book is meant to engender new perspectives that will synthesize current knowledge and lead to a more nuanced understanding of an ever timely issue in human behavior. Of additional interest, is a foreword written by world renowned psychologist, Steven Pinker, and an afterword by noted evolutionary scholar, Richard Dawkins.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support by : Balloni, Augusto
Download or read book Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support written by Balloni, Augusto and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A complex and vulnerable contemporary society continually poses new challenges in terms of social conflict, and as crime advances, so must strategies for prevention and rehabilitation. Many facets of crime prevention and rehabilitation of offenders are public activities closely linked to other aspects of the political and social life of a region. The Handbook of Research on Trends and Issues in Crime Prevention, Rehabilitation, and Victim Support is a scholarly publication that examines existing knowledge on crime dynamics and the implementation of crime victims’ rights. Highlighting a wide array of topics such as cyberbullying, predatory crimes, and psychological violence, this book is ideal for criminologists, forensic psychologists, psychiatrists, victim advocates, law enforcement, criminal profilers, crime analysts, therapists, rehabilitation specialists, psychologists, correctional facilities, wardens, government officials, policymakers, academicians, researchers, and students.
Book Synopsis Criminal Man, According to the Classification of Cesare Lombroso by : Gina Lombroso
Download or read book Criminal Man, According to the Classification of Cesare Lombroso written by Gina Lombroso and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evolutionary Forensic Psychology by : Joshua Duntley
Download or read book Evolutionary Forensic Psychology written by Joshua Duntley and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-08-20 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of forensic psychology explores the intersection of psychology and the law. The purpose of this book is to examine topics in the field using the powerful, multidisciplinary, conceptually integrated approach that the natural sciences have embraced for decades with great success. Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection is the meta-theoretical framework that unifies the field of biology. It unites research and understanding of the development, control, and organization of behavior. The study of humans, which includes all of the social sciences, is part of the field of biology. Darwin's theory provides a powerful meta-theoretical framework that can unify and energize forensic psychology, just as it has the biological sciences. Evolutionary processes undoubtedly shaped physiological characteristics to help solve problems of survival and reproduction. The lungs, for example, with their vast surface area and moist membranes are marvelous adaptions for extracting oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide. Natural selection is the only known process capable of shaping complex functional mechanisms. Just as it shaped physiological adaptations with specific problem-solving functions, it also shaped our thoughts and emotions to guide behaviors toward solving recurrent problems of survival and reproduction. With this logic, we can use knowledge of ancestral problems to guide our understanding of how the mind works. Evolutionary Forensic Psychology is a necessary step toward a unified and complete understanding of psychology and the law. It recognizes that crimes such as murder, non-lethal violence, rape, and theft are manifestations of evolutionarily recurrent selection when they gave individuals an advantage in competition for resources. Each of the chapters that comprise this volume has been selected to provide the first unified examination of important research contributions and future directions of Evolutionary Forensic Psychology.
Book Synopsis Decoding Madness by : Richard Lettieri
Download or read book Decoding Madness written by Richard Lettieri and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-06-15 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dealing with some of the most heinous crimes imaginable, forensic neuropsychologist and psychoanalyst Dr. Richard Lettieri gives a behind-the-scenes look at criminal psychology through case studies from his over 30 years of experience as a court-appointed and privately retained psychologist. With cases like Michael, who stabbed his mother in the back believing she was the evil force causing the sun to descend upon the earth and gobble him up, and Tina, who seriously injured her boyfriend and stabbed his son to death, Decoding Madness is filled with gripping stories and forensic analysis. Through psychological examination, it is the author’s job to conclude whether these individuals are truly guilty and understand their actions are wrong, or if these individuals are not guilty by reason of insanity and instead require treatment. Decoding Madness offers a nuanced psychological understanding of defendants and their personal complexities beyond the usual clinical accounts. The book introduces the novel idea of the daimonic as a basic force of human nature that is the source of our constructive and destructive capacities and argues for an update to the criminal justice system’s perspective on rationality and conscious thinking. Featuring new findings and personal insights, Dr. Lettieri presents an engrossing view of the psychology of defendants accused of committing heinous crimes and the insight that they provide towards the human mind.
Book Synopsis Criminal Drone Evolution: Cartel Weaponization of Aerial IEDS by : Robert J. Bunker
Download or read book Criminal Drone Evolution: Cartel Weaponization of Aerial IEDS written by Robert J. Bunker and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2021-10-24 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dr. Robert J. Bunker is Director of Research & Analysis, C/O Futures, LLC and is a Senior Fellow with Small Wars Journal-El Centro. Dr. John P. Sullivan served as a Lieutenant with the Los Angeles Sheriff’s Department and is a Senior Fellow with Small Wars Journal-El Centro.
Book Synopsis The Re-Evolution of American Street Gangs by : Dale L. June
Download or read book The Re-Evolution of American Street Gangs written by Dale L. June and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-09-25 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of gangs and gang subculture is a growing threat to the stability of neighborhoods and entire communities. During the past two decades, gang members have increasingly migrated from large urban centers to suburban areas and other countries. This book addresses the intricacies and diversities of street gangs, drawing on the expertise of high-ranking law enforcement officials monitoring terrorist activity and gang-related crimes as well as professional private investigators who have spent several decades investigating gangs and learning their subculture, lifestyle, motivations, and relationships. Ideal for supplemental reading in gang violence courses on criminal justice, sociology, law, and psychology, this comprehensive anthology presents thorough coverage of a notoriously difficult subject. It explores the following key topics: Social, psychological, and criminal impact of street gangs on juveniles Psychology of gang membership and the pathways that lead into and out of gang culture Relationship between religion and dangerous criminal gangs How U.S.-based gangs are using technology to advance their operations Use of graffiti by street gangs Evolution of gangs and recommendations for preventing future growth Gang enhancement crimes and associated misconduct of police and prosecutors Like any type of crime, street gang criminal activity cannot be totally eliminated. This book aims to provide a better understanding of gangs so that we can influence today’s potential gang members to make the right decisions for their sake and the sake of society.
Download or read book Criminology written by Tim Newburn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-02-22 with total page 1863 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive and accessible, Tim Newburn’s bestselling Criminology provides an introduction to the fundamental themes, concepts, theories, methods and events that underpin the subject and form the basis for all undergraduate degree courses and modules in Criminology and Criminal Justice. This third edition includes: A new chapter on politics, reflecting the ever increasing coverage of political influence and decision making on criminology courses New and updated crime data and analysis of trends, plus new content on recent events such as the Volkswagen scandal, the latest developments on historic child abuse, as well as extended coverage throughout of the English riots A fully revised and updated companion website, including exam, review and multiple choice questions, a live Twitter feed from the author providing links to media and academic coverage of events related to the concepts covered in the book, together with links to a dedicated textbook Facebook page Fully updated to reflect recent developments in the field and extensively illustrated, this authoritative text, written by a leading criminologist and experienced lecturer, is essential reading for all students of Criminology and related fields.
