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Evaluation Study On Speed Limitation Devices
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Book Synopsis Evaluation Study on Speed Limitation Devices by :
Download or read book Evaluation Study on Speed Limitation Devices written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The installation of speed limiters and Intelligent Speed Adaption Systems (ISA) is believed to be an effective way to improve road safety and to reduce emissions and traffic noise. It addresses specifically unadapted driving speed, which is one of the main causes of traffic accidents, particularly on motorways. Speed policies can be regarded as being complementary to other policies that affect other causes of accidents or emissions, such as vehicle and energy technology, alcohol use or unsafe infrastructure. Directive 92/6/EEC required speed limitation devices to be installed on large Heavy Goods Vehicles HGVs and buses (N3 and M3 vehicles). In 2002, this "Speed Limitation Directive" was amended by Directive 2002/85/EC, which obliged all Heavy Commercial Vehicles (HCVs), so also N2 and M2 vehicles, to be equipped with speed limiters. Directive 2002/85/EC requires the Commission to evaluate its road safety and traffic impacts. In this context, the European Commission commissioned Transport and Mobility Leuven, CE Delft, TRT and TNO to carry out this evaluation study.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Traffic Control Devices by : H. Gene Hawkins
Download or read book Evaluation of Traffic Control Devices written by H. Gene Hawkins and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effectiveness of the 55 Mph National Maximum Speed Limit as a Life Saving Benefit by : P. Johnson
Download or read book The Effectiveness of the 55 Mph National Maximum Speed Limit as a Life Saving Benefit written by P. Johnson and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The report contains an analysis of the life saving benefits resulting from the 55 mph NMSL from 1974-1979. Monthly fatality data from 1970-1979 was used in a time series model to arrive at the estimated safety benefits (lives saved). The time series model relates changes in monthly fatalities to changes in monthly vehicle miles traveled, introduction of safety improvements and the implementation of the 55 mph NMSL law. Increases in highway fatalities in 1976-1979 compared to the 1974-1975 level led to a detailed examination and analysis of the composition of these fatalities in order to determine possible causes for the increases. Based upon the available data, it was concluded that 55 mph compliance had eroded somewhat in 1977 and 1978 thus resulting in some fatality increases.
Book Synopsis Demonstration and Evaluation of Rational Speed Limits by : Michael D. Fontaine
Download or read book Demonstration and Evaluation of Rational Speed Limits written by Michael D. Fontaine and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the results of a field implementation of credible, well-enforced, and highly publicized speed limits on two limited access highways in Virginia. The two locations studied were the US 29 bypass around Altavista, VA and the US 58/US 220 bypass around Martinsville, VA. At both of these locations, an engineering study recommended that the posted speed limit be increased from 55 mph to 65 mph. Virginia State Police provided an additional 40 hours per month of overtime enforcement on the study sections for 1 year at the Martinsville site and 15 months at the Altavista site. A public information and education (PI & E) campaign that consisted of media reports, informational handouts, and educational roadside signs was also implemented to try to increase compliance with the new posted speed limits. Before and after data on public perception, crash experience, and speed were analyzed to assess the impact of the program. The public perception survey results showed that the new 65 mph speed limits were well supported by the public, with over 80 percent agreeing with the new speed limits. The speed data analysis showed that the average speed increased by a statistically significant margin of 3 to 4 mph immediately after the new speed limit was implemented. Speeds remained constant following the implementation of the new speed limit, even after the increased enforcement and the education campaign ended. A speed analysis by vehicle type showed some minor variations in how vehicles responded to the changes in speed limit, enforcement, and PI & E. These differences were usually not very large, however. No negative safety impacts were observed during the evaluation. The overall number of crashes did not change by a statistically significant margin relative to historic trends, although the number of severe crashes at the Martinsville site did decline by a statistically significant amount and the crash rate at Altavista showed more than a 20 percent decline. Speed variance did not significantly change between the period with the 55 mph limit and the period with the 65 mph limit. This suggests that crash likelihood was not increased due to the increased posted speed limit. The coefficient of variation of the speeds decreased slightly following the increase in speed limit, potentially indicating that interactions between vehicles may have declined slightly. The demonstration proved to be a success, with the change in speed limit being well supported by the public. Strict compliance with the posted speed limits improved from 5 to 10 percent before the project began to between 45 and 50 percent. The percentage of drivers traveling 10 mph or more over the limit declined from over 20 percent to only 2 to 3 percent. Survey respondents reported that the roadside signs were noticed the most often of any PI & E effort used, likely due to the fact that both sites were located on through routes in rural areas.
Book Synopsis Using Connected Vehicles in Variable Speed Limit Systems: by : Ellen F. Grumert
Download or read book Using Connected Vehicles in Variable Speed Limit Systems: written by Ellen F. Grumert and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Motorway traffic management systems are useful for improving the traffic conditions on urban motorways. One of the most common motorway traffic management systems are variable speed limit systems. These systems adapt the speed limits based on the prevailing traffic conditions measured by roadside detectors and recommended or compulsory speed limits are shown on variable message signs installed on gantries over the road.Thesystems consist of three parts; the control algorithm used to determine which speed limit to be displayed, a method for estimating the traffic conditions to be used as input for the control algorithm and the infrastructure for application of the variable speed limits. The goal of the systems is often to increase safety or efficiency. Recent development in the field of connected vehicles have opened up for a new type of data source, as the status of a connected vehicle and its surroundings can be communicated at arbitrary locations. Hence, by the use of connected vehicles in variable speed limit systems there is a potential of reducing the amount of roadside equipment. It is even possible to control the connected vehicles towards the current speed limit without the use of variable message signs. This allows for the application of variable speed limits at arbitrary locations. The aim of this thesis is to examine how connected vehicles can be used to improve the efficiency of variable speed limit systems. The thesis contribute with new and improved methods using connected vehicles in all three parts of a variable speed limit system. The suggested methods are evaluated by microscopic traffic simulation. The overall conclusion is that the use of connected vehicles in variable speed limit systems can contribute to improvements in traffic efficiency compared to existing systems. The six papers included in the thesis can be summarized as follows. First, it is shown that traditional variable speed limit systems can be effective for improving the traffic conditions on the motorway and the results can be comparable to more costly alterations by reconstruction of the infrastructure to increase the capacity. Next, the usefulness of connected vehicles for application and control of the speed limits in an existing variable speed limit system is investigated. It is concluded that the design of the control algorithm and the accuracy of the estimated traffic conditions have a great effect on the final outcome of the system. The design of the control algorithm is then examined by evaluation of a number of control algorithms with respect to safety, efficiency and environmental impacts. The main benefits and drawbacks of the algorithms are highlighted and desirable characteristics to include when designing a control algorithm are identified. In two studies, methods making use of connected vehicles for estimating the traffic conditions are proposed. The results show that connected vehicles are useful for improving the accuracy of the estimated traffic conditions through the inclusion of more detailed information and information at locations where detector measurements are not available. Finally, a variable speed limit system is proposed in which connected vehicles play a central role in the estimation of the traffic conditions, as well as in the control algorithm and for application of the speed limit. The system is shown to be useful for improving traffic efficiency during an incident at an arbitrary location along the controlled road.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Traffic Control Devices for Rural High-speed Maintenance Work Zones: Second Year Activities and Final Recommendations by : Michael D. Fontaine
Download or read book Evaluation of Traffic Control Devices for Rural High-speed Maintenance Work Zones: Second Year Activities and Final Recommendations written by Michael D. Fontaine and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :European Conference of Ministers of Transport Publisher :OECD Publishing ISBN 13 :9282103781 Total Pages :286 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (821 download)
Book Synopsis Speed Management by : European Conference of Ministers of Transport
Download or read book Speed Management written by European Conference of Ministers of Transport and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2006-10-13 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Speeding is the number one road safety problem in a large number of OECD/ECMT countries. It is responsible for around one third of the current, unacceptably high levels of road fatalities. Speeding has an impact not only on accidents but also on the ...
Book Synopsis An Evaluation Study of the Effects of the Flashing Speed Limit Sign in School Zones by : Larry Eugene Greer
Download or read book An Evaluation Study of the Effects of the Flashing Speed Limit Sign in School Zones written by Larry Eugene Greer and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluating Effects of Lower Speed Limits on Safety by : Margaret C. Lewis
Download or read book Evaluating Effects of Lower Speed Limits on Safety written by Margaret C. Lewis and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Variable Speed Limits in Work Zones by : Disapat Lavansiri
Download or read book Evaluation of Variable Speed Limits in Work Zones written by Disapat Lavansiri and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Better Management of Speed Control in Work Zones by :
Download or read book Better Management of Speed Control in Work Zones written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Statistics from the South Carolina Department of Transportation (SCDOT) for incidents between 1998 and 2002 reveal that a leading cause of crashes in work zones is driving too fast for conditions. In April 2005, a team of researchers led by Clemson University Transportation Systems Laboratory embarked on research to better manage speed control in work zones. The research tasks included field trials of several devices, a literature review, and a survey of states. Based on the literature review and meetings with the project steering committee, a number of devices and strategies were selected for field evaluation. The selected devices included drone radar, changeable message sign with radar (CMR), a speed monitoring display (SMD) with CMS, portable rumble strips, and a novel speed activated sign designed by the researchers. Each of the devices had to be acquired and/or developed for this project and preliminary testing was conducted to identify an acceptable configuration for actual data collection. After the initial testing, field surveillance of the speed management devices at a variety of different work zone sites on interstates and state route highways in South Carolina was completed to collect the empirical data needed for evaluation. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the performance of the devices and strategies were completed. Some of the devices were also studied in combination with police enforcement. The results of the analysis show that all of the speed control devices studied during this project has the capability of lowering speeds. This report summarizes the findings of this research and provides several recommendations in choosing a speed control device for a particular work zone application.
Book Synopsis Establishing Realistic Speed Limits by :
Download or read book Establishing Realistic Speed Limits written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessment of Channelizing Device Effectiveness of High Speed by : Reginald Souleyrette
Download or read book Assessment of Channelizing Device Effectiveness of High Speed written by Reginald Souleyrette and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part 6 of the Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD) describes several types of channelizing devices that can be used to warn road users and guide them through work zones; these devices include cones, tubular markers, vertical panels, drums, barricades, and temporary raised islands. On higher speed/volume roadways, drums and /or vertical panels have been popular choices in many states, due to their formidable appearance and the enhanced visibility they provide when compared to standard cones. However, due to their larger size, drums also require more effort and storage space to transport, deploy and retrieve. Recent editions of the MUTCD have introduced new devices for channelizing; specifically of interest for this study is a taller (greater than 36 inches) but thinner cone. While this new device does not offer a comparable target value to that of drums, the new devices are significantly larger than standard cones and they offer improved stability as well. In addition, these devices are more easily deployed and stored than drums and they cost less. Further, for applications previously using both drums and tall cones, the use of tall cones only provides the ability for delivery and setup by a single vehicle. An investigation of the effectiveness of the new channelizing devices provides a reference for states to use in selecting appropriate traffic control for high speed, high volume applications, especially for short term or limited duration exposures. This study includes a synthesis of common practices by state DOT's, as well as daytime and nighttime field observations of driver reactions using video detection equipment. The results of this study are promising for the day and night performance of the new tall cones, comparing favorably to the performance of drums when used for channelizing in tapers. The evaluation showed no statistical difference in merge distance and location, shy distance, or operating speed in either daytime or nighttime conditions. The study should provide a valuable resource for state DOTs to utilize in selecting the most effective channelizing device for use on high speed/high volume roadways where timely merging by drivers is critical to safely and mobility.
Book Synopsis Assessment of Operational and Safety Impacts of Various Traffic Control Devices by : Megat Usamah Bin Megat Johari
Download or read book Assessment of Operational and Safety Impacts of Various Traffic Control Devices written by Megat Usamah Bin Megat Johari and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fatal crashes have been increasing, both in Michigan and across the United States, despite continuing improvements in roadway design, vehicle safety, and other areas. Various factors may have contributed to this trend, including increased in-vehicle distractions, higher speed limits, legalization of marijuana, and other factors. Studies have suggested that driver error is a critical reason associated with more than 90 percent of all traffic crashes. Driver behavior can be improved by several engineering strategies, such as the use of better and more efficient traffic control devices, such as signs, signals, and pavement markings. To that end, this research assesses the operational and safety impacts of a series of traffic control devices.The use of dynamic message signs (DMS) as a medium to display safety messages to drivers has become popular among transportation agencies. Despite their widespread use, evaluations as to the resultant impacts on traffic crashes have been very limited. This study addresses this gap in the extant literature and assesses the relationship between traffic crashes and the frequency with which various types of safety messages are displayed. A series of count models are estimated to examine total, speeding-related, and nighttime crashes based upon historical messaging data while controlling for other site-specific factors. Ultimately the results provide important insights regarding messaging strategies for transportation agencies. This research also evaluates driver response to advisory speed signs. Posted speed limit signs are used to inform drivers of the legal maximum allowable speed. In contrast, advisory speed signs provide recommendations to drivers as to safe travel speeds at specific roadway locations. Various studies have investigated the safety impacts of speed limit changes, particularly on high-speed rural highways. One area of particular concern on such roadways is the approach to exit ramps that require substantive speed reductions, such as loop ramps. To date, there has been limited research examining the safety impact of the differential between the mainline speed limit and the lower exit ramp advisory speeds. This study addresses this gap through the estimation of a series of safety performance functions. The findings from this study show the safety of these locations is related to speed differential, as well as other factors such as the length of the upstream deceleration lane. These factors should be considered when considering speed limit policy impacts in the vicinity of full and partial cloverleaf interchanges.Lastly, this study assesses the use of dynamic speed feedback sign (DSFS) as a means to reduce vehicle speeds in speed transition zones, where speeds are reduced as drivers enter rural communities. DSFS have been evaluated in several settings, including high-speed exit ramps and horizontal curves. However, research is limited as to the effectiveness of this sign for other purposes, such as these high-speed transition areas. This is particularly important as the limits on some of these roadways have recently been increased, making speed control a particular concern. This study addresses this gap through a before-and-after evaluation of DSFS at five different sites in northern Michigan. A series of speed models were estimated, which provide insights on the effectiveness of DSFS.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Traffic Control Devices by : Paul John Carlson
Download or read book Evaluation of Traffic Control Devices written by Paul John Carlson and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This project was established to provide a means of conducting small-scale research activities on an as-needed basis so that the results could be available within months of starting the specific research. This report summarizes the research activities that were conducted between September 2010 and August 2011. There were five primary activities and five secondary activities. The five primary activities were evaluating nighttime visibility along rural highways with bright signs, continuing the evaluation of lead-free thermoplastic pavement markings, evaluating contrast pavement marking layouts, continuing the evaluation of accelerated pavement marking test decks, and providing district support for hurricane evacuation routing. In addition, the researchers also started to evaluated criteria for setting 80 mph and 85 mph speed limits, evaluated bridge clearance signing, narrowed the focus of a rotational sign sheeting study, provided technical support for the Texas Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), and provided technical support for the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) sign sheeting specification.
Book Synopsis Safety Impacts of Speed Limiter Device Installations on Commercial Trucks and Buses by : Richard Bishop
Download or read book Safety Impacts of Speed Limiter Device Installations on Commercial Trucks and Buses written by Richard Bishop and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 2008 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Research sponsored by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration."
Book Synopsis Evaluation of Changes in Urban Motor Vehicle Speed Limits by : Roger William Bruett
Download or read book Evaluation of Changes in Urban Motor Vehicle Speed Limits written by Roger William Bruett and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
