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Evaluation Of The Levels Of Diesel Related Pollutants On School Buses During The Transportation Of Children Electronic Resource Executive Summary
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Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Levels of Diesel-related Pollutants on School Buses During the Transportation of Children [electronic Resource] : Executive Summary by : Canada. Health Canada
Download or read book Evaluation of the Levels of Diesel-related Pollutants on School Buses During the Transportation of Children [electronic Resource] : Executive Summary written by Canada. Health Canada and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Levels of Diesel-related Pollutants from Buses While Transporting Children by : New Brunswick Lung Association
Download or read book Evaluation of the Levels of Diesel-related Pollutants from Buses While Transporting Children written by New Brunswick Lung Association and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis School Buses and Diesel Fuel by : Daland R. Juberg
Download or read book School Buses and Diesel Fuel written by Daland R. Juberg and published by Am Cncl on Science, Health. This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis No Breathing in the Aisles by : Gina M. Solomon
Download or read book No Breathing in the Aisles written by Gina M. Solomon and published by . This book was released on 2001-02 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does diesel exhaust (DE) pose a risk to children sitting inside the bus on their way to and from school? This study of DE levels inside school buses attempts to answer this question in light of the evidence that DE causes cancer and premature death and exacerbates asthma and other respiratory illnesses. The results of the study are startling: A child riding inside of a diesel school bus may be exposed to as much as 4 times the level of toxic DE as someone riding in a car ahead of it. These exposures translate into a significant risk of cancer to children, posing as much as 23 to 46 times the cancer risk level considered significant under Fed. law. These results also suggest that DE on school buses could contribute to respiratory problems such as asthma.
Book Synopsis Characterizing the Range of Children's Pollutant Exposure During School Bus Commutes by : Dennis R. Fitz
Download or read book Characterizing the Range of Children's Pollutant Exposure During School Bus Commutes written by Dennis R. Fitz and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterizing the Range of Children's Pollutant by : Dennis R. Fitz
Download or read book Characterizing the Range of Children's Pollutant written by Dennis R. Fitz and published by . This book was released on 2004-01 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the Final Report prepared for the Calif. Air Resources Board. Because children's lungs are still developing & children are more susceptible to adverse health effects from air pollution, potentially high pollutant exposures during school bus commutes are of concern. Studies of pollutant concentrations inside vehicles show high exposures are typical, but few studies have attempted to characterize concentrations on-board & near school buses. This study's main purpose was to determine the range of children's exposures during their bus commutes, with an emphasis on determining the specific factors & conditions leading to high exposures & comparing the effects of different bus & traffic characteristics & bus operating conditions. Tables.
Book Synopsis Diesel Vehicle Emissions and Urban Air Quality by : Quality of Urban Air Review Group
Download or read book Diesel Vehicle Emissions and Urban Air Quality written by Quality of Urban Air Review Group and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Failing the Grade by : Todd R. Campbell
Download or read book Failing the Grade written by Todd R. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Identification of Factors Affecting Contaminant Levels and Determination of Infiltration of Ambient Contaminants in Public Transport Buses Operating on Biodiesel and ULSD Fuels by : Akhil Kadiyala
Download or read book Identification of Factors Affecting Contaminant Levels and Determination of Infiltration of Ambient Contaminants in Public Transport Buses Operating on Biodiesel and ULSD Fuels written by Akhil Kadiyala and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This experimental project presents a comprehensive study of indoor pollutant behavior in the public transport buses in the city of Toledo running on alternative fuels and an understanding of the contribution of outdoor pollutant concentrations to in-vehicle pollutant levels. The indoor pollutants monitored are particulate matter, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, sulphur dioxide, nitric oxide, and nitrogen dioxide. Temperature and relative humidity are also measured inside the vehicle in addition to the in-vehicle pollutants. The various factors affecting indoor air quality are indoor sources of pollutants (people, furniture, etc.), ventilation, outdoor air quality, meteorology, pollutant decay, and vehicular traffic. The diurnal, monthly, and seasonal variations of the pollutants are studied. The pollutant level buildup within a bus compartment is due to a combination of different factors and not a result of variation due to a single variable. As the bus is in motion and factors influencing the indoor pollutant levels keep changing randomly, it is difficult to identify specific monthly and seasonal trends. However, pollutant concentration levels are found to be highly influenced by peak hours in the morning and evening and a discussion is provided on identifying the factors that could have influenced monthly and seasonal variations. Relatively higher pollutant concentrations are observed for majority of the pollutants in winter when there is not much air exchange in the bus compartment. The trend study revealed that the concentrations were mainly influenced by peak hours, ventilation settings, vehicular traffic, passenger ridership, and meteorology.The factors influencing pollutant levels with respect to month and season are identified. The regression tree analysis helped identify the various factors affecting in-vehicle pollutant levels and the relationships between independent variables and indoor pollutant concentrations. The meteorological effect study revealed wind direction to be the most significant meteorological variable for all the gaseous pollutants while particulate matter levels are found to be mainly influenced by ambient PM2.5 concentrations and visibility. Different combinations of variables were able to explain the trends of monitored indoor pollutants.The contribution of ambient concentration to the indoor concentration levels was determined by calculating infiltration factors using two different methods for both biodiesel and ULSD buses. The analysis revealed that the indoor air quality levels are better in a biodiesel bus as compared to the ULSD bus. It was also observed that nearly 50-70% of the pollutants found indoors are generated outdoors for all the pollutants except nitrogen dioxide.Exposure of passengers and drivers to the indoor pollutants monitored were determined using time weighted concentration and compared to available health standards. The study revealed that the drivers are safe from exposure to gaseous as well as particulate contaminants.It is hoped that this study and analysis of in-vehicle pollutant trends will provide crucial information to indoor air quality regulators and decision makers in understanding the IAQ in transit vehicles and to regulate the indoor air quality standards.
Book Synopsis School buses, air pollution & children's health by :
Download or read book School buses, air pollution & children's health written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Given the introduction of low-emitting diesel school buses over the 2007-2010 period and the age of Ontario's school bus fleet, it appears that school buses that are already on the road, especially the 1994-2003 model year school buses, will be the dominant source of emissions from Ontario school buses for the next 10 years. [...] The decision about whether to retrofit or replace a 1994-2003 model year school bus would be influenced by the age of the existing bus and the financial situation of the school bus operator. [...] Since 2000, the California Air Resources Board (CARB) has run the Lower-Emissions School Bus Program which aims to reduce the exposure of school children to both toxic and smog-forming air pollutants by funding the replacement of old buses with new, low-emitting school buses and retrofitting in-use school buses with technologies that significantly reduce emissions of particulate matter. [...] Exposures On-board School Buses The second report, produced by the Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC) and the Coalition for Clean Air in collaboration with researchers from the University of California, Berkeley School of Public Health, brought attention to the exposure of children on-board school buses. [...] For example, it estimated that DPM from on-road sources was responsible for 53% of the coarse particulate matter (PM10) in the ambient air in Manhattan, New York, in 1993, and for 10 to 15% of the PM2.5 in the ambient air in Phoenix and Denver, Colorado, in 1997 (US EPA, 2002).
Download or read book Popular Mechanics written by and published by . This book was released on 2000-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular Mechanics inspires, instructs and influences readers to help them master the modern world. Whether it’s practical DIY home-improvement tips, gadgets and digital technology, information on the newest cars or the latest breakthroughs in science -- PM is the ultimate guide to our high-tech lifestyle.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309452961 Total Pages :583 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Communities in Action by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Book Synopsis Characterization and Speciation of Fine Particulate Matter Inside the Public Transport Buses Running on Bio-diesel by : Ashok Kumar
Download or read book Characterization and Speciation of Fine Particulate Matter Inside the Public Transport Buses Running on Bio-diesel written by Ashok Kumar and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air pollution with respect to particulate matter was investigated in Toledo, Ohio, USA, a city of approximately 300,000, in 2009. Two study buses were selected to reflect typical exposure conditions of passengers while traveling in the bus. Monitoring inside the bus was done in the spring and summer seasons. Particulate matter levels found inside the bus were well below the USEPA standards. Scanning electron microscope analysis was used to identify the possible sources. Particle shape and size distribution analysis was conducted and aspect ratios were determined; the results will be used to find out the potential particle dynamics inside the bus. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons were analyzed to determine potential carcinogenic matter exposure to passengers. The absence of carcinogens in all the samples suggests healthful air quality levels inside the bus. SEM methodology is a valuable tool for studying the distribution of particulate pollutants. These patterns represented the morphological characteristics of single inhalable particles in the air inside the bus in Toledo. The size distribution was generally multi-modal for the ULSD but uni-modal for the B20-fueled bus. The aspect ratio found for different filters collected inside the bus fueled by both the B20 blend and ULSD ranged 2.4-3.6 and 2.3- 2.9 in average value with standard deviation range 0.9-7.4 and 1-7.3 respectively. The square and oblong particles represented the morphology characteristics of the single inhalable particles in the air of a Toledo transit bus.
Download or read book Backpacker written by and published by . This book was released on 2007-09 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Author :Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat Publisher : ISBN 13 :9789291691432 Total Pages :151 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (914 download)
Book Synopsis Climate Change 2014 by : Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat
Download or read book Climate Change 2014 written by Groupe d'experts intergouvernemental sur l'évolution du climat and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Popular Science written by and published by . This book was released on 2002-12 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Popular Science gives our readers the information and tools to improve their technology and their world. The core belief that Popular Science and our readers share: The future is going to be better, and science and technology are the driving forces that will help make it better.
Book Synopsis The Leapfrog Factor by : Anumita Roychowdhury
Download or read book The Leapfrog Factor written by Anumita Roychowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes transcript of papers presented during a CSE conference held in New Delhi from March 30-April 1, 2004.
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