Evaluating Explanations

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317782445
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating Explanations by : David B. Leake

Download or read book Evaluating Explanations written by David B. Leake and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology and philosophy have long studied the nature and role of explanation. More recently, artificial intelligence research has developed promising theories of how explanation facilitates learning and generalization. By using explanations to guide learning, explanation-based methods allow reliable learning of new concepts in complex situations, often from observing a single example. The author of this volume, however, argues that explanation-based learning research has neglected key issues in explanation construction and evaluation. By examining the issues in the context of a story understanding system that explains novel events in news stories, the author shows that the standard assumptions do not apply to complex real-world domains. An alternative theory is presented, one that demonstrates that context -- involving both explainer beliefs and goals -- is crucial in deciding an explanation's goodness and that a theory of the possible contexts can be used to determine which explanations are appropriate. This important view is demonstrated with examples of the performance of ACCEPTER, a computer system for story understanding, anomaly detection, and explanation evaluation.

Evaluating Explanations

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Author :
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317782453
Total Pages : 275 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating Explanations by : David B. Leake

Download or read book Evaluating Explanations written by David B. Leake and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychology and philosophy have long studied the nature and role of explanation. More recently, artificial intelligence research has developed promising theories of how explanation facilitates learning and generalization. By using explanations to guide learning, explanation-based methods allow reliable learning of new concepts in complex situations, often from observing a single example. The author of this volume, however, argues that explanation-based learning research has neglected key issues in explanation construction and evaluation. By examining the issues in the context of a story understanding system that explains novel events in news stories, the author shows that the standard assumptions do not apply to complex real-world domains. An alternative theory is presented, one that demonstrates that context -- involving both explainer beliefs and goals -- is crucial in deciding an explanation's goodness and that a theory of the possible contexts can be used to determine which explanations are appropriate. This important view is demonstrated with examples of the performance of ACCEPTER, a computer system for story understanding, anomaly detection, and explanation evaluation.

Evaluating, Doing and Writing Research in Psychology

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Author :
Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446276244
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluating, Doing and Writing Research in Psychology by : Philip Bell

Download or read book Evaluating, Doing and Writing Research in Psychology written by Philip Bell and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2001-03-30 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluating, Doing and Writing Research in Psychology is a thoroughly revised and expanded co-edition of the highly regarded Reasoning and Argument in Psychology, originally published by UNSW Press, Australia. It represents a comprehensive textbook for all undergraduates in psychology who need to undertake empirical research, taking them step-by-step through the process. In particular, it offers the a range of study skills enabling the student to understand the complex processes involved with psychological research, not really covered in other texts. Coverage includes: · A guide to evaluating statements, arguments and a range of different psychological explanations · Chapters on the interpretation and evaluation of data and evidence, understanding weaknesses in psychological argument, and measurement and numerical reasoning · Chapters on doing a literature review, writing up essays and projects, and reporting observational studies. This is a practical textbook. Textboxes are included to help students comprehend jargon, key research terms and likely problem areas in psychological research.At the end of each chapter, summaries, questions and exercises are included - all designed to give students extra clarification of issues and to help with their overall understanding. Plenty of new examples have been added from the previous edition and exercises are more clearly focused.

Recommender Systems Handbook

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 148997637X
Total Pages : 1008 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Recommender Systems Handbook by : Francesco Ricci

Download or read book Recommender Systems Handbook written by Francesco Ricci and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-17 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of a well-received text, with 20 new chapters, presents a coherent and unified repository of recommender systems’ major concepts, theories, methodologies, trends, and challenges. A variety of real-world applications and detailed case studies are included. In addition to wholesale revision of the existing chapters, this edition includes new topics including: decision making and recommender systems, reciprocal recommender systems, recommender systems in social networks, mobile recommender systems, explanations for recommender systems, music recommender systems, cross-domain recommendations, privacy in recommender systems, and semantic-based recommender systems. This multi-disciplinary handbook involves world-wide experts from diverse fields such as artificial intelligence, human-computer interaction, information retrieval, data mining, mathematics, statistics, adaptive user interfaces, decision support systems, psychology, marketing, and consumer behavior. Theoreticians and practitioners from these fields will find this reference to be an invaluable source of ideas, methods and techniques for developing more efficient, cost-effective and accurate recommender systems.

The Nature of Explanation

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019503743X
Total Pages : 398 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (95 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nature of Explanation by : Peter Achinstein

Download or read book The Nature of Explanation written by Peter Achinstein and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1983 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new approach to the definition of scientific explanation. Unlike standard theories, it focuses initially on the explaining act itself, to which reference must be made in order to understand what an explanation is and how it can be evaluated in the sciences.

Understanding Research in Education

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317680650
Total Pages : 288 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Research in Education by : Fred L. Perry Jr.

Download or read book Understanding Research in Education written by Fred L. Perry Jr. and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides a solid introduction to the foundations of research methods, with the goal of enabling students and professionals in the various fields of education to not simply become casual consumers of research who passively read bits and pieces of research articles, but discerning consumers able to effectively use published research for practical purposes in educational settings. All issues important for understanding and using published research for these purposes are covered. Key principles are illustrated with research studies published in refereed journals across a wide spectrum of education. Exercises distributed throughout the text encourage readers to engage interactively with what they are reading at the point when the information is fresh in their minds. This text is designed for higher level undergraduate and graduate programs. Course instructors will find that it provides a solid framework in which to promote student interaction and discussion on important issues in research methodology.

Argumentation Methods for Artificial Intelligence in Law

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9783540251873
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis Argumentation Methods for Artificial Intelligence in Law by : Douglas Walton

Download or read book Argumentation Methods for Artificial Intelligence in Law written by Douglas Walton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2005-06-30 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of argumentation methods applied to legal reasoning is a relatively new field of study. The book provides a survey of the leading problems, and outlines how future research using argumentation-based methods show great promise of leading to useful solutions. The problems studied include not only these of argument evaluation and argument invention, but also analysis of specific kinds of evidence commonly used in law, like witness testimony, circumstantial evidence, forensic evidence and character evidence. New tools for analyzing these kinds of evidence are introduced.

Inside Case-based Explanation

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780805810295
Total Pages : 442 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Inside Case-based Explanation by : Roger C. Schank

Download or read book Inside Case-based Explanation written by Roger C. Schank and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1994. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

The Cognitive Science of Science

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262300974
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cognitive Science of Science by : Paul Thagard

Download or read book The Cognitive Science of Science written by Paul Thagard and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-04-06 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cognitive science perspective on scientific development, drawing on philosophy, psychology, neuroscience, and computational modeling. Many disciplines, including philosophy, history, and sociology, have attempted to make sense of how science works. In this book, Paul Thagard examines scientific development from the interdisciplinary perspective of cognitive science. Cognitive science combines insights from researchers in many fields: philosophers analyze historical cases, psychologists carry out behavioral experiments, neuroscientists perform brain scans, and computer modelers write programs that simulate thought processes. Thagard develops cognitive perspectives on the nature of explanation, mental models, theory choice, and resistance to scientific change, considering disbelief in climate change as a case study. He presents a series of studies that describe the psychological and neural processes that have led to breakthroughs in science, medicine, and technology. He shows how discoveries of new theories and explanations lead to conceptual change, with examples from biology, psychology, and medicine. Finally, he shows how the cognitive science of science can integrate descriptive and normative concerns; and he considers the neural underpinnings of certain scientific concepts.

Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 303167751X
Total Pages : 180 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (316 download)

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Book Synopsis Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare by : Hao Chen

Download or read book Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence for Healthcare written by Hao Chen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Freud Evaluated - The Completed Arc

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080867294
Total Pages : 698 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Freud Evaluated - The Completed Arc by : M. Macmillan

Download or read book Freud Evaluated - The Completed Arc written by M. Macmillan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1990-12-14 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an historically based critical evaluation of Freud's personality theory. In it the observations Freud made are described and the theoretical ideas he put forward for explaining them are set out. The adequacy of Freud's explanations are judged against the logical and scientific standards of Freud's own time. The historical perspective will give the reader a sound basis on which to make a judgement about psycho-analysis as a method of investigation and a theory of personality as well as a sense of what Freud was about from Freud's own standpoint.Freud's endeavour is sited in the psychological and psychiatric context of the time, a period not previously given the critical attention it warrants. All of Freud's important assumptions and characteristic modes of thought are to be found in this formative period. The placement also brings out more clearly the basis of a number of the unresolved problems of contemporary psycho-analytic theory, such as the place of affect and the instinctual drives, the role of the ego, and the basis of treatment. The core of the evaluation centres on Freud's basic method for gathering data - free association - a method which is not much written about and hardly ever criticised. What is said about it is new and more substantial than the few criticisms that have been made. Although a very critical work, there is probably no other appraisal which allows Freud and his colleagues and followers to speak so directly for themselves.

BSCS Science & Technology

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Author :
Publisher : Kendall Hunt
ISBN 13 : 9780757501043
Total Pages : 560 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis BSCS Science & Technology by : Biological Sciences Curriculum Study

Download or read book BSCS Science & Technology written by Biological Sciences Curriculum Study and published by Kendall Hunt. This book was released on 2005 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Investigating Earth Systems

Science as Inquiry in the Secondary Setting

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Publisher : NSTA Press
ISBN 13 : 1933531266
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (335 download)

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Book Synopsis Science as Inquiry in the Secondary Setting by : Julie Luft

Download or read book Science as Inquiry in the Secondary Setting written by Julie Luft and published by NSTA Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It can be a tough thing to admit: Despite hearing so much about the importance of inquiry-based science education, you may not be exactly sure what it is, not to mention how to do it. But now this engaging new book takes the intimidation out of inquiry. Science as Inquiry in the Secondary Setting gives you an overview of what inquiry can be like in middle and high school and explores how to incorporate more inquiry-centered practices into your own teaching. In 11 concise chapters, leading researchers raise and resolve such key questions as: What is Inquiry? What does inquiry look like in speccific classes, such as the Earth science lab or the chemitry lab? What are the basic features of inquiry instruction? How do you assess science as inquiry? Science as Inquiry was created to fill a vacuum. No other book serves as such a compact, easy-to-understand orientation to inquiry. It's ideal for guiding discussion, fostering reflection, and helping you enhance your own classroom practices. As chapter author Mark Windschitl writes, "The aim of doing more authrntic science in schools is not to mimic scientists, but to develop the depth of content knowledge, the habits of mind, and the critical reasoning skills that are so crucial to basic science literacy." This volume guides you to find new ways of helping students further along the path to science literacy.

Explainable AI: Foundations, Methodologies and Applications

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031128079
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis Explainable AI: Foundations, Methodologies and Applications by : Mayuri Mehta

Download or read book Explainable AI: Foundations, Methodologies and Applications written by Mayuri Mehta and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-19 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an overview and several applications of explainable artificial intelligence (XAI). It covers different aspects related to explainable artificial intelligence, such as the need to make the AI models interpretable, how black box machine/deep learning models can be understood using various XAI methods, different evaluation metrics for XAI, human-centered explainable AI, and applications of explainable AI in health care, security surveillance, transportation, among other areas. The book is suitable for students and academics aiming to build up their background on explainable AI and can guide them in making machine/deep learning models more transparent. The book can be used as a reference book for teaching a graduate course on artificial intelligence, applied machine learning, or neural networks. Researchers working in the area of AI can use this book to discover the recent developments in XAI. Besides its use in academia, this book could be used by practitioners in AI industries, healthcare industries, medicine, autonomous vehicles, and security surveillance, who would like to develop AI techniques and applications with explanations.

Law and Explanation

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Publisher : Oxford : Clarendon Press
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Law and Explanation by : Peter Achinstein

Download or read book Law and Explanation written by Peter Achinstein and published by Oxford : Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Understanding and Evaluating Research

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Author :
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506350976
Total Pages : 880 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding and Evaluating Research by : Sue L. T. McGregor

Download or read book Understanding and Evaluating Research written by Sue L. T. McGregor and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-10-25 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding and Evaluating Research: A Critical Guide shows students how to be critical consumers of research and to appreciate the power of methodology as it shapes the research question, the use of theory in the study, the methods used, and how the outcomes are reported. The book starts with what it means to be a critical and uncritical reader of research, followed by a detailed chapter on methodology, and then proceeds to a discussion of each component of a research article as it is informed by the methodology. The book encourages readers to select an article from their discipline, learning along the way how to assess each component of the article and come to a judgment of its rigor or quality as a scholarly report.

Machine Learning Proceedings 1991

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Author :
Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 1483298175
Total Pages : 682 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Machine Learning Proceedings 1991 by : Lawrence A. Birnbaum

Download or read book Machine Learning Proceedings 1991 written by Lawrence A. Birnbaum and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Machine Learning