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Author : Boyce Ingram Greer
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)
Download or read book European Reliance on Soviet Gas Exports written by Boyce Ingram Greer and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : P. Högselius
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137286156
Total Pages : 559 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (372 download)
Download or read book Red Gas written by P. Högselius and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-28 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book applies a systems and risk perspective on international energy relations, author Per Högselius investigates how and why governments, businesses, engineers and other actors sought to promote – and oppose– the establishment of an extensive East-West natural gas regime that seemed to overthrow the fundamental logic of the Cold War.
Author : P. Högselius
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137286156
Total Pages : 286 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (372 download)
Download or read book Red Gas written by P. Högselius and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-28 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book applies a systems and risk perspective on international energy relations, author Per Högselius investigates how and why governments, businesses, engineers and other actors sought to promote – and oppose– the establishment of an extensive East-West natural gas regime that seemed to overthrow the fundamental logic of the Cold War.
Author : United States. General Accounting Office
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 32 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book European Alternatives to Importing Soviet Natural Gas written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Simon Pirani
Publisher : Oxford Institute for Energy Studies
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 520 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Russian and CIS Gas Markets and Their Impact on Europe written by Simon Pirani and published by Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. This book was released on 2009 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of the gas industry and markets in the CIS. This region's strategic importance as one of the largest gas producers has largely been ignored- with the exception of Russia. The book is comprised of 10 country chapters, covering production, decision-making and regulation, domestic market reform, and trade issues.
Author : Joseph Ammer
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656988080
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (569 download)
Download or read book Interdependencies between the EU and the Russian Federation in the current and future gas relationship written by Joseph Ammer and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2016-08-01 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2016 im Fachbereich Politik - Thema: Europäische Union, , Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: The following term paper aims to assess the current state of interdependencies as well as future developments in the gas relations between the European Union and Russia. The theoretical approach therefor is framed by Keohane and Nye’s Theory of Interdependence. It is used to analyze (a) the prevailing gas supply situation of the European Union, (b) the significance of the European gas demand for the Russian Federation, (c) diversification opportunities for both parties and (d) the progress and effects of a common EU approach in gas negotiations with Russia. It becomes evident that the EU’s Energy security is very reliant on consistent gas supplies. Yet, Russia can only slightly exploit this sensitivity dependency as a source of geopolitical power vis-à-vis the EU, because its own economy depends on Europe’s investments and the revenue from gas exports to EU countries. The analysis of the diversification potentials reveals that the mutual dependence will remain strong in the near future. In the medium term the EU has to expand its range of suppliers by investing in LNG infrastructure and the Southern Corridor. In contrast, Russia tries to get hold of the Union’s diversification plans, as exemplified by the competition between the Turkish Stream and TANAP pipeline projects. A common European approach towards gas negotiations with Russia would mainly be beneficial for the bargaining position of the Union’s eastern members, which are highly sensitive to Russian gas deliveries. Russia currently takes advantage of this by negotiating favorable long term contracts. However, contradictory positions between East and West complicate the realization of a joint European negotiation process. Viable and useful transitional measures would include regional trade associations and a revision of the current information exchange mechanism, providing greater competencies for the European Commission to gain insight in Member states’ bilateral negotiations with Russia.
Author : Lea Sarah Kulick
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3656115559
Total Pages : 23 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (561 download)
Download or read book Energy Security of the European Union and Russia: A relationship of interdependence written by Lea Sarah Kulick and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2012-01-31 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Politics - Region: Eastern Europe, grade: 9 out of 10, Maastricht University (Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences), course: Module D - Traid and Aid - European Studies, Specialisation in International Politics of the European Union, language: English, abstract: Energy security is a topic with growing importance on the global political agendas. Within the European Union (EU) the consideration of supply security is of particular significance as the member states depend on outside sources, meaning principally oil and gas, to satisfy their need of energy. The EU-27 was dependent on oil imports on 82.6% and on gas imports on 60.3% in 2007. Own resources are not sufficient and in the present days the EU merely covers 46.9% of the energy consumption by its own means. When the current trends proceed the EU will be dependent on 90% for oil, 70% for gas and 100% for coal in years 2030-40. Therefore, the role of producer countries becomes increasingly important, especially regarding Russia as it is the biggest importer to the EU in crude oil, gas and hard coal. The supply dependence on Russia could have severe consequences for the EU as gas disruptions leading to supply crises in several member states like in 2006 and 2009 had already shown. But also the Russian Federation is dependent because the EU is one of the most important consumers of its gas and oil exports. Russia’s economy is reliant on oil and gas production; in 2007 the energy sector generated about 64% of its exports revenues. Accordingly, Russia also has to deal with the problem of energy security, but in the perspective that it aims at securing demand and the purchase of its gas and oil resources, especially by the EU. As both parties depend on each other in their energy security there is a case of interdependence in the EU-Russian energy relationship. When examining this relation of interdependence it is interesting not just to regard the present state of affairs but also the trends and future development and how the EU and Russia deal with that. For the analysis the notions of sensitivity and vulnerability are used. The guiding research question of this paper is therefore: What is the degree of sensitivity and vulnerability for the EU and Russia regarding their relation of interdependence in energy security? It is hypothesized that the Russian Federation is more vulnerable, especially on the subject of its political strategy. The concept of interdependence by Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye provides the theoretical basis for this paper. In order to conclude this paper, the degrees of sensitivity and vulnerability of the actors are evaluated and the hypothesis is proven right or wrong.
Author : Margarita M. Balmaceda
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 023155219X
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)
Download or read book Russian Energy Chains written by Margarita M. Balmaceda and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Russia’s use of its vast energy resources for leverage against post-Soviet states such as Ukraine is widely recognized as a threat. Yet we cannot understand this danger without also understanding the opportunity that Russian energy represents. From corruption-related profits to transportation-fee income to subsidized prices, many within these states have benefited by participating in Russian energy exports. To understand Russian energy power in the region, it is necessary to look at the entire value chain—including production, processing, transportation, and marketing—and at the full spectrum of domestic and external actors involved, from Gazprom to regional oligarchs to European Union regulators. This book follows Russia’s three largest fossil-fuel exports—natural gas, oil, and coal—from production in Siberia through transportation via Ukraine to final use in Germany in order to understand the tension between energy as threat and as opportunity. Margarita M. Balmaceda reveals how this dynamic has been a key driver of political development in post-Soviet states in the period between independence in 1991 and Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014. She analyzes how the physical characteristics of different types of energy, by shaping how they can be transported, distributed, and even stolen, affect how each is used—not only technically but also politically. Both a geopolitical travelogue of the journey of three fossil fuels across continents and an incisive analysis of technology’s role in fossil-fuel politics and economics, this book offers new ways of thinking about energy in Eurasia and beyond.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 105 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Russian Oil and Natural Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study explores the implications for European political and economic stability posed by dependence on Russian oil and natural gas energy sources. The first section looks into the past actions and strategic culture of Russia to determine if there exists a threat that Russia will deny energy resources to European countries for political or economic gain. The second section analyzes the current calculus of Europe's dependence by determining current and estimated future consumption needs and the feasibility of alternative sources of energy. The third section investigates the importance of revenues that Russia receives from consumption of oil and natural gas exports to Europe on their Gross National Product and economic growth for the future. By understanding Russia's strategic culture and the interdependence of European demand and Russian supply, conclusions are made that determine the threat, risk, and circumstances that Russia will deny energy resources to European countries.
Author : Keith C. Smith
Publisher : CSIS
ISBN 13 : 9780892065554
Total Pages : 36 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (655 download)
Download or read book Russia and European Energy Security written by Keith C. Smith and published by CSIS. This book was released on 2008 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jeronim Perović
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319495321
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Cold War Energy written by Jeronim Perović and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-28 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the role of Soviet energy during the Cold War. Based on hitherto little known documents from Western and Eastern European archives, it combines the story of Soviet oil and gas with general Cold War history. This volume breaks new ground by framing Soviet energy in a multi-national context, taking into account not only the view from Moscow, but also the perspectives of communist Eastern Europe, the US, NATO, as well as several Western European countries – namely Italy, France, and West Germany. This book challenges some of the long-standing assumptions of East-West bloc relations, as well as shedding new light on relations within the blocs regarding the issue of energy. By bringing together a range of junior and senior historians and specialists from Europe, Russia and the US, this book represents a pioneering endeavour to approach the role of Soviet energy during the Cold War in transnational perspective.
Author : Ralf Dickel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781784670146
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (71 download)
Download or read book Reducing European Dependence on Russian Gas written by Ralf Dickel and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Angela Stent
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book Soviet Energy and Western Europe written by Angela Stent and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Graeme P. Herd
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429537549
Total Pages : 273 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (295 download)
Download or read book Understanding Russian Strategic Behavior written by Graeme P. Herd and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the extent to which Russia’s strategic behavior is the product of its imperial strategic culture and Putin’s own operational code. The work argues that, by conflating personalistic regime survival with national security, Putin ensures that contemporary Russian national interest, as expressed through strategic behavior, is the synthesis of a peculiar troika: a long-standing imperial strategic culture, rooted in a partially imagined past; the operational code of a counter-intelligence president and decision-making elite; and the realities of Russia as a hybrid state. The book first examines the role of structure and agency in shaping contemporary Russian strategic behavior. It then provides a conceptual understanding of strategic culture, and applies this to Tsarist and Soviet historical developments. The book’s analysis of the operational code, however, demonstrates that Putinism is more than the sum of the past. At the end, the book assesses Putin’s statecraft and stress-tests our assumptions about the exercise of contemporary power in Russia and the structure of Putin’s agency. This book will be of interest to students of Russian politics and foreign policy, strategic studies and international relations.
Author : Sergey Vladimirovich Paltsev
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 33 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (754 download)
Download or read book Russia's Natural Gas Export Potential Up to 2050 written by Sergey Vladimirovich Paltsev and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent increases in natural gas reserve estimates and advances in shale gas technology make natural gas a fuel with good prospects to serve a bridge to a low-carbon world. Russia is an important energy supplier as it holds the world largest natural gas reserves and it is the world's largest exporter of natural gas. Energy was one of the driving forces of Russia's recent economic recovery from the economic collapse of 1990s. These prospects have changed drastically with a global recession and the collapse of oil and gas prices from their peaks of 2008. An additional factor is an ongoing surge in a liquefied natural gas (LNG) capacity and a development of Central Asia's and the Middle East gas supplies that can compete with Russian gas in its traditional (European) and potential (Asian) markets. To study the long-term prospects for Russian natural gas, we employ the MIT Emissions Prediction and Policy Analysis (EPPA) model, a computable general equilibrium model of the world economy. While we consider the updated reserve estimates for all world regions, in this paper we focus on the results for Russian natural gas trade. The role of natural gas is explored in the context of several policy assumptions: with no greenhouse gas mitigation policy and scenarios of emissions targets in developed countries. Scenarios where Europe takes on an even more restrictive target of 80 percent reduction of greenhouse gas emissions relative to 2005 by 2050 and reduces its nuclear based generation are also considered. Asian markets become increasingly important for natural gas exports and several scenarios about their potential development are considered. We found that over the next 20-40 years natural gas can still play a substantial role in Russian exports and there are substantial reserves to support a development of the gas-oriented energy system both in Russia and in its current and potential gas importers. In the Reference scenario, exports of natural gas grow from Russia's current 7 Tcf to 10-12 Tcf in 2030 and 15-18 Tcf in 2050. Alternative scenarios provide a wider range of projections, with a share of Russian gas exports shipped to Asian markets rising to 30 percent by 2030 and more than 50 percent in 2050. Patterns of international gas trade show increased flows to the Asian region from the Middle East, Central Asia, Australia and Russia. Europe's reliance on LNG imports increases, while it still maintains sizable imports from Russia.
Author : Eva M. Berger
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (131 download)
Download or read book A Potential Sudden Stop of Energy Imports from Russia written by Eva M. Berger and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Russian war of aggression against Ukraine since 24 February 2022 has intensified the discussion of Europe's reliance on energy imports from Russia. A ban on Russian imports of oil, natural gas and coal has already been imposed by the United States, while the United Kingdom plans to cease imports of oil and coal from Russia by the end of 2022. The German Federal Government is currently opposing an energy embargo against Russia. However, the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action is working on a strategy to reduce energy imports from Russia. In this paper, the authors give an overview of the German and European reliance on energy imports from Russia with a focus on gas imports and discuss price effects, alternative suppliers of natural gas, and the potential for saving and replacing natural gas. They also provide an overview of estimates of the consequences on the economic outlook if the conflict intensifies.
Author : James Henderson
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1789900387
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (899 download)
Download or read book The Globalization of Russian Gas written by James Henderson and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019-12-27 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Gazprom has dominated the Russian gas industry. However, the markets in which it operates have changed dramatically, with the company increasingly being challenged at home and abroad. At this critical moment, this insightful book analyses the involvement of the Russian gas industry in the changing international gas market and the dramatic implications for Russia’s role as a global supplier of gas in the future.
