Ethics for Architects

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Author :
Publisher : Chronicle Books
ISBN 13 : 1616890797
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (168 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics for Architects by : Thomas Fisher

Download or read book Ethics for Architects written by Thomas Fisher and published by Chronicle Books. This book was released on 2012-03-20 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this new Architecture Brief, Ethics for Architects, Thomas Fisher presents fifty case studies representing a broad range of ethical dilemmas facing today's architects, from questions regarding which clients to work for, to the moral imperatives of reclaiming building materials for construction instead of sending them to landfills. This timely book features newly relevant interpretations adapted to the pervasive demands of globalization, sustainability, and developments in information technology. Fisher's analysis of architecture's thorniest ethical issues are written in a style that is accessible to the amateur philosopher and appealing to professional architects and students alike. Thought-provoking and essential, Ethics for Architects is required reading for any designer who wants to work responsibly in today's complex world.

The Architecture of Ethics

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1351065726
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis The Architecture of Ethics by : Thomas Fisher

Download or read book The Architecture of Ethics written by Thomas Fisher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ethics is one of the most important and least understood aspects of design practice. In his latest book, Thomas Fisher shows how ethics are inherent to the making of architecture – and how architecture offers an unusual and useful way of looking at ethics. The Architecture of Ethics helps students in architecture and other design disciplines to understand the major approaches to ethics and to apply them to the daily challenges they face in their work. The book covers each of the four dominant approaches to ethics: virtue ethics, social contract ethics, duty ethics, and utilitarian ethics. Each chapter examines the dilemmas designers face from the perspective of one of these categories. Written in an accessible, jargon-free style, the text also features 100 illustrations to help integrate these concepts into the design process and to support visual understanding. Ethics is now a required part of accredited architecture programs, making this book essential reading for all students in architecture and design.

The Ethics of Architecture

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197558569
Total Pages : 151 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (975 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of Architecture by : Mark Kingwell

Download or read book The Ethics of Architecture written by Mark Kingwell and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-03-02 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lively and accessible discussion of how architecture functions in a complex world of obligation and responsibility, with a preface offering specific discussion of architecture during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. What are the special ethical obligations assumed by architects? Because their work creates the basic material conditions that make all other human activity possible, architects and their associates in building enjoy vast influence on how we all live, work, play, worship, and think. With this influence comes tremendous, and not always examined, responsibility. This book addresses the range of ethical issues that architects face, with a broad understanding of ethics. Beyond strictly professional duties - transparency, technical competence, fair trading - lie more profound issues that move into aesthetic, political, and existential realms. Does an architect have a duty to create art, if not always beautiful art? Should an architect feel obliged to serve a community and not just a client? Is justice a possible orientation for architectural practice? Is there such a thing as feeling compelled to "shelter being" in architectural work? By taking these usually abstract questions into the region of physical creation, the book attempts a reformulation of "architectural ethics" as a matter of deep reflection on the architect's role as both citizen and caretaker. Thinkers and makers discussed include Le Corbusier, Martin Heidegger, Lewis Mumford, Rem Koolhaas, Jane Jacobs, Arthur Danto, and John Rawls.

Ethics and the Practice of Architecture

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471298229
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (982 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and the Practice of Architecture by : Barry Wasserman

Download or read book Ethics and the Practice of Architecture written by Barry Wasserman and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2000-03-07 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From theory to practice a unique, well-rounded guide to ethics fortoday s architect How does an architect assist a community in evaluating alternativedesigns? Resolve a dispute with a contractor? Take into account aproject s impact on the natural environment? When it comes to questions like these, making decisions about whatought to be done or what is the "best" or "right" solution requiresmore than sound technical knowledge and strong design talent. Itdemands a solid understanding of the ethical issues that lie at theheart of architectural practice. Ethics and the Practice of Architecture offers a complete,broad-based introduction to this crucial subject. First, itexamines basic ethical theories and their application toarchitecture, and discusses different ways of identifying ethicalcontent in architecture. Bridging the gap between theory andpractice, the second part of the book surveys differentprofessional settings and building project processes thatfrequently hold ethical concerns, and charts the ethical mandatesthat arise from them. In the final section of the book, thirty case studies explore awide range of ethical dilemmas encountered in architecturalpractice, with useful guidance on how to work through themeffectively. Arranged by topics that span the key phases of aproject from pre-design through post-occupancy evaluation, thesecase studies allow a detailed look at ethical concerns in real-lifesituations where multiple issues are often at stake. Providing a practical framework for the exploration of ethicalissues in architecture today, Ethics and the Practice ofArchitecture is an excellent resource for present and futurearchitects in all areas of the field.

The Ethical Function of Architecture

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Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262581714
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (817 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethical Function of Architecture by : Karsten Harries

Download or read book The Ethical Function of Architecture written by Karsten Harries and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998-07-31 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Can architecture help us find our place and way in today's complex world? Can it return individuals to a whole, to a world, to a community? Developing Giedion's claim that contemporary architecture's main task is to interpret a way of life valid for our time, philosopher Karsten Harries answers that architecture should serve a common ethos. But if architecture is to meet that task, it first has to free itself from the dominant formalist approach, and get beyond the notion that its purpose is to produce endless variations of the decorated shed. In a series of cogent and balanced arguments, Harries questions the premises on which architects and theorists have long relied—premises which have contributed to architecture's current identity crisis and marginalization. He first criticizes the aesthetic approach, focusing on the problems of decoration and ornament. He then turns to the language of architecture. If the main task of architecture is indeed interpretation, in just what sense can it be said to speak, and what should it be speaking about? Expanding upon suggestions made by Martin Heidegger, Harries also considers the relationship of building to the idea and meaning of dwelling. Architecture, Harries observes, has a responsibility to community; but its ethical function is inevitably also political. He concludes by examining these seemingly paradoxical functions.

Prospects for an Ethics of Architecture

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135723362
Total Pages : 233 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (357 download)

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Book Synopsis Prospects for an Ethics of Architecture by : William M. Taylor

Download or read book Prospects for an Ethics of Architecture written by William M. Taylor and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together the reflections of an architectural theorist and a philosopher, this book encourages philosophers and architects, scholars and designers alike, to reconsider what they do as well as what they can do in the face of challenging times. It does so by exploring the notion that architecture and design can (and possibly should), in their own right, make for a distinctive form of ethical investigation. The book is less concerned with absolutist understandings of the two components of ethics, a theory of ‘the good’ and a theory of ‘the right’, than with remaining open to multiple relations between ideas about the built environment, design practices and the plurality of kinds of human subjects (inhabitants, individuals and communities) accommodated by buildings and urban spaces. The built environment contributes to the inculcation of all sorts of values (good and bad). Thus, this book aims to change the way people commonly think about ethics, not only in relation to the built environment, but to themselves, their ways of thinking and modes of behaviour.

Architecture as the Ethics of Climate

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317438000
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Architecture as the Ethics of Climate by : Jin Baek

Download or read book Architecture as the Ethics of Climate written by Jin Baek and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At a time when climate and ethics have become so important to architectural debate, this book proposes an entirely new way for architects to engage with these core issues. Drawing on Tetsuro Watsuji‘s (1889-1960) philosophy, the book illuminates climate not as a collection of objective natural phenomena, but as a concrete form of bond in which "who we are"—the subjective human experience—is indivisibly intertwined with the natural phenomena. The book further elucidates the inter-personal nature of climatic experiences, criticizing a view that sees atmospheric effects of climate under the guise of personal experientialism and reinforcing the linkage between climate and ethos as the appropriateness of a setting for human affairs. This ethical premise of climate stretches the horizon of sustainability as pertaining not only to man’s solitary relationship with natural phenomena—a predominant trend in contemporary discourse of sustainability—but also to man’s relationship with man. Overcoming climatic determinism—regional determinism, too—and expanding the ethics of the inter-personal to the level where the whole and particulars are joined through the dialectics of the mutually-negating opposites, Jin Baek develops a new thesis engaging with the very urgent issues inherent in sustainable architecture. Crucially, the book explores examples that join climate and the dynamics of the inter-personal, including: Japanese vernacular residential architecture the white residential architecture of Richard Neutra contemporary architectural works and urban artifacts by Tadao Ando and Aldo Rossi Beautifully illustrated, this book is an important contribution to the discourse which surrounds architecture, climate and ethics and encourages the reader to think more broadly about how to respond to the current challenges facing the profession.

Architecture, Ethics, and Technology

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Author :
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
ISBN 13 : 0773564497
Total Pages : 254 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (735 download)

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Book Synopsis Architecture, Ethics, and Technology by : Louise Pelletier

Download or read book Architecture, Ethics, and Technology written by Louise Pelletier and published by McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP. This book was released on 1994-03-10 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An enlightened discussion of all relevant aspects of architecture shows the necessity for revision of commonly held assumptions about the nature of architectural history, theory, representation, and ideation; the production of buildings in the postindustrial city; and professional ethics. These topics provide the basis for the fourteen interdisciplinary papers presented here. The introductory section includes an examination of the epistemological origins of technology in the early modern European context and two alternative visions of ethics and its potential relevance for architecture. The second part presents four perspectives on important questions about how we represent buildings and the ethical values involved in that representation. "Ethics and Poetics in the Context of Technological Production" considers the role of philosophical ethics (i.e., a rational structure of categories in architectural practice) and the possibility, and desirability, of incorporating ethical reflections into the generation of architectural form. "The Architectural Uses of History and Narrative in a Technocratic World" explores alternatives for articulating an ethical attitude in forms of discourse other than philosophy and science. These papers were originally presented at the bilingual symposium "Architecture, Ethics, and Technology" held at the Canadian Centre for Architecture in Montreal in 1991.

Architecture, Ethics and Globalization

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134348282
Total Pages : 421 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Architecture, Ethics and Globalization by : Graham Owen

Download or read book Architecture, Ethics and Globalization written by Graham Owen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-06-02 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridging the gap between architectural theory and professional practice studies, this book offers critical inquiry into the shifting ground of ethical thought in the changing climate of the global economy. Looking at issues of contemporary significance to architectural critics, practitioners, educators, and students, the book also examines the role of the architectural academy in providing an education in ethical judgement. Including transcripts of responses and discussions among its contributors, a broad interdisciplinary set of perspectives are debated and often controversial points of view are put forward.

Architectural Design and Ethics

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136428941
Total Pages : 264 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis Architectural Design and Ethics by : Thomas Fisher

Download or read book Architectural Design and Ethics written by Thomas Fisher and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2008-05-09 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Architectural Design and Ethics offers both professional architects and architecture students a theoretical base and numerous suggestions as to how we might rethink our responsibilities to the natural world and design a more sustainable future for ourselves. As we find ourselves on the steep slope of several exponential growth curves – in global population, in heat-trapping atmospheric gases, in the gap between the rich and poor, and in the demand for finite resources, Fisher lays down a theory of architecture based on ethics and explores how buildings can and do provide both social and moral dimensions. The book also has practical goals, demonstrating how architects can make better and more beautiful buildings whilst nurturing more responsible, sustainable development. Architectural Design and Ethics will prove an invaluable text not only to those in the architecture field, but to anyone simply interested in the ethical issues surrounding our built environment.

Architecture, Ethics, and the Personhood of Place

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Author :
Publisher : UPNE
ISBN 13 : 9781584656531
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (565 download)

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Book Synopsis Architecture, Ethics, and the Personhood of Place by : Gregory Caicco

Download or read book Architecture, Ethics, and the Personhood of Place written by Gregory Caicco and published by UPNE. This book was released on 2007 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Architecture and environmental design are among the last professional fields to develop a sustained and nuanced discussion concerning ethics. Hemmed in by politics and powerful clients on one side and the often unscrupulous practices of the construction industry on the other, environmental designers have been traditionally reluctant to address ethical issues head on. And yet the rapid urbanization of the world's population continues to swell into new megacities, each less healthy, welcoming, secure, or environmentally sustainable than the next. Green, carbon-reduced, and sustainable building practices are important ways architects have recently responded to the symptoms of the crisis, but are these efforts really addressing the core issues? Taking the Dine (Navajo) "Hogan Song"--a song used to protect and nourish the personhood of newly constructed dwellings--as their inspiration, the architects, philosophers, poets, and other contemporary scholars contributing to this volume demonstrate that a deeper, more radical change in our relationship to the built world needs to occur. While offering a careful critique of modernist, corporate, or techno-enthralled design practices, these essays investigate an alternative "relational ecology" whose wisdom draws from ancient and often-marginalized voices, if not the whisperings of the earth itself. Contributors include: Richard Kearney, Alberto Perez-Gomez, Juhani Pallasmaa, Karsten Harries, Edward Casey, Susan Stewart, David Abram, Stacy Alaimo, Jace and Laura Weaver, Philip Sheldrake, and Sebnem Yucel Young.

The Ethics of a Potential Urbanism

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Author :
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1134883285
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (348 download)

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Book Synopsis The Ethics of a Potential Urbanism by : Camillo Boano

Download or read book The Ethics of a Potential Urbanism written by Camillo Boano and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ethics of a Potential Urbanism explores the possible and potential relevance of Giorgio Agamben’s political thoughts and writings for the theory and the practice of architecture and urban design. It sketches out the potentiality of Agamben’s politics, which can affect change in current architectural and design discourses. The book investigates the possibility of an inoperative architecture, as an ethical shift for a different practice, just a little bit different, but able to deactivate the sociospatial dispositive and mobilize a new theory and a new project for the urban now to come. This particular reading from Agamben’s oeuvre suggests a destituent mode of both thinking and practicing of architecture and urbanism that could possibly redeem them from their social emptiness, cultural irrelevance, economic reductionism and proto-avant-garde extravagance, contributing to a renewed critical ‘encounter’ with architecture’s aesthetic-political function.

Sustainability and Design Ethics, Second Edition

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Author :
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0429014759
Total Pages : 197 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (29 download)

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Book Synopsis Sustainability and Design Ethics, Second Edition by : Jean Russ

Download or read book Sustainability and Design Ethics, Second Edition written by Jean Russ and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainability as a concept remains just as challenging and important today as it was when the first edition of this book was published. The Second Edition of Sustainability and Design Ethics explores the ethical obligations of knowledgeable people such as design professionals, taking into consideration the numerous changes that have taken place in recent years. This book expands the growing discussion on the principles of sustainability to further include the role of businesses and governments and considers the general recognition that modern society has occurred at the expense of nature with significant social and environmental impacts. Are there limits to the individual’s ethical obligation? How do such obligations change or adapt to a world of sustainable design? As the shift toward sustainability proceeds, designers’ ethical underpinnings will be confronted with a wider range of people and concerns whose interests must be weighed. The design professionals are likely to be among the lead in the shift toward sustainability because of the special knowledge and expertise provided to them by their education, experience, and distinctive position in society. The entire world of design is being reassessed and the guiding principles and ethics of design reflect this change. New to the Second Edition: Expanded international scope that includes a comparison of professional organizations in the EU, Australia, Canada, Japan and China Discusses how cultural differences between the West and China result in different underlying foundations for professional ethics Revised analyses to reflect changes in regulatory and technical areas such as the inevitable rise of artificial intelligence in design Updated arguments reflecting the need for sustainability and the designer's role and obligations Updated references pertaining to the progress of sustainable design and development Sustainability and Design Ethics, Second Edition is an attempt to explore the ideas and principles that might contribute to the thinking of thoughtful design professionals. The emergence of "green" design discussed in this book is used to evidence progress, but also to demonstrate the degree to which more is needed.

Ethics and Urban Design

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 9780471122746
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics and Urban Design by : Gideon S. Golany

Download or read book Ethics and Urban Design written by Gideon S. Golany and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1995-08-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The city," according to urban design scholar Gideon Golany, is"the largest and most complicated project ever produced byhumankind." In Ethics and Urban Design, he challenges designprofessionals to reexamine their basic assumptions about the urbanenvironment and offers design strategies based on enduring humanvalues. In search of answers to the paradoxical problems of the moderncity, Golany takes the reader through the sweep of humansettlements from the dawn of civilization to the present. Hisauthoritative examination of the genesis of the city is illuminatedby instructive examples of early urban centers. Mesopotamia, theIndus River Valley, the Egyptian cities of the Nile, and thecapital cities of ancient China--all are examined in the light ofwhat made them work as major centers of human activity. What Golany finds in the success stories of the past are cohesivesociocultural values that shaped the design of homes,neighborhoods, and cities. These ethical values helped to maintainan equilibrium within the society that permeated its natural,social, and human-made environments. In the present era,conversely, he finds a major disconnection between human values andthe ethics of technology, which has resulted in confusion,imbalance, and dehumanization. To help designers gain a perspective on possible solutions, Golanyexplains leading comprehensive design strategies, including thevalley theory, the urban border zone concept, and the regionalconcept of Patrick Geddes. In the case study of contemporaryHolland, he details what a small, densely populated country hasbeen able to achieve through design planning rooted inenvironmental ethics. "Future Frontiers for Urban Design," the culminating section ofthis groundbreaking book, opens with Golany's vision of the futurecity. He examines the issues of thermal performance and climate asthey relate to urban design and offers the concept of"geospace"--the earth-enveloped habitat. Buttressing hispresentation with detailed information on the mechanics ofgeospace, Golany describes case studies of the successful use ofearth-enveloped habitats in China and Tunisia. He makes a powerfulargument for the geospace city as a renewal of ancient traditionsthat can restore the vital equilibrium between nature and humansettlements that we seem to have lost. Ethics and Urban Design is a distinguished scholar's analysis andprescription for the city; it offers an abundance of stimulatingideas for the architects, designers, and planners who have assumedresponsibility for its future. Ethics & Urban Design draws on historical examples andcontemporary case studies from around the world to illustrate urbandesign strategies that can help restore equilibrium to the natural,social, and built environments of the city. In this stimulatingbook, urban design scholar Gideon Golany offers architects,designers, and planners both an in-depth analysis of thefundamental issues of urban design and practical options for thedesign of the future city. * Examines the genesis and development of the city from theearliest presettlements to the rise of urban society * Presents urban design strategies based on historical examples ofearly urban centers, including Mesopotamia, the Indus River Valley,Egypt, and China * Offers case studies of environmental success stories from Europe,Asia, and Africa * Details geospace design options--the use of underground space fordiversified land use, housing, and transportation * Fully illustrated, with over 80 photographs, drawings, anddiagrams

The Green Imperative: Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture

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Author :
Publisher : Thames & Hudson
ISBN 13 : 0500770719
Total Pages : 379 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Green Imperative: Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture by : Victor Papanek

Download or read book The Green Imperative: Ecology and Ethics in Design and Architecture written by Victor Papanek and published by Thames & Hudson. This book was released on 2022-02-01 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fresh edition of the sustainable design pioneer Victor Papanek’s classic and ever-relevant book examining the important role of design in combating climate change. Whether it’s horror at the plastic littering the world’s beaches or despair at the melting polar ice caps, the world is gradually waking up to the impending climate disaster. In The Green Imperative, Papanek argues for design that addresses these issues head-on. This means using materials that can be recycled and reused, no more pointless packaging, thinking about how products make us feel and engage all our senses, putting nature at the heart of design, working at a smaller scale, rejecting aesthetics for their own sake, and thinking before we buy. First published at the end of the twentieth century, this book offered a plethora of honest advice, clear examples, and withering critiques, laying out the flaws of and opportunities for the design world at that time. A quarter of a century on, Papanek’s lucid prose has lost none of its verve, and the problems he highlights have only become more urgent, giving today’s reader both a fascinating historical perspective on the issues at hand and a blueprint for how they might be solved.

Building and Dwelling

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Author :
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300274769
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Building and Dwelling by : Richard Sennett

Download or read book Building and Dwelling written by Richard Sennett and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2023-08-22 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reflection on the past and present of city life, and a bold proposal for its future “Constantly stimulating ideas from a veteran of urban thinking.”—Jonathan Meades, The Guardian In this sweeping work, the preeminent sociologist Richard Sennett traces the anguished relation between how cities are built and how people live in them, from ancient Athens to twenty-first-century Shanghai. He shows how Paris, Barcelona, and New York City assumed their modern forms; rethinks the reputations of Jane Jacobs, Lewis Mumford, and others; and takes us on a tour of emblematic contemporary locations, from the backstreets of Medellín, Colombia, to Google headquarters in Manhattan. Through it all, Sennett laments that the “closed city”—segregated, regimented, and controlled—has spread from the Global North to the exploding urban centers of the Global South. He argues instead for a flexible and dynamic “open city,” one that provides a better quality of life, that can adapt to climate change and challenge economic stagnation and racial separation. With arguments that speak directly to our moment—a time when more humans live in urban spaces than ever before—Sennett forms a bold and original vision for the future of cities.

Architecture in the Culture of Early Humanism

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Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 328 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Architecture in the Culture of Early Humanism by : Christine Hunnikin Smith

Download or read book Architecture in the Culture of Early Humanism written by Christine Hunnikin Smith and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of early Italian Humanism on the development of Quattrocentro architecture has received much attention in recent years. Providing the foundation for the re-evaluation of architectural principles in the age of Humanism, Christine Smith focuses on the ways that works of architecture or architectural imagery became important vehicles for the expression of the Humanists' ethical, political, and cultural concerns. Smith looks at the writings of the Humanists and investigates what they believed was important in the "built environment. Since the Humanists' accounts of architecture responded to other literary texts, she analyzes in detail their relations with specific Classical, medieval, and contemporary sources. Although few early Renaissance authors evinced much interest in architectural style as we understand it today, the early Humanists frequently used architectural imagery in order to make moral discussion more vivid. In Humanist thought, buildings also served as evidence for the cultural status of their times and for the dignity of humanity. They were seen as historical documents useful for evaluating the past and for transmitting the desired image of the present to the future. Smith organizes the essays around three themes: the use of architecture in ethical discourse, the critical criteria with which the early Humanists did and did not approach architectural experience, and the development of architectural description as it relates to the Renaissance recovery of eloquence. She also gives special attention to the importance of sensory experience in early Renaissance epistemology, the problem of the Middle Ages, and the contribution of Byzantium to early Humanist culture.