An Examination of Emerging Bioethical Issues in Biomedical Research

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309676630
Total Pages : 133 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis An Examination of Emerging Bioethical Issues in Biomedical Research by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book An Examination of Emerging Bioethical Issues in Biomedical Research written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-09-10 with total page 133 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On February 26, 2020, the Board on Health Sciences Policy of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine hosted a 1-day public workshop in Washington, DC, to examine current and emerging bioethical issues that might arise in the context of biomedical research and to consider research topics in bioethics that could benefit from further attention. The scope of bioethical issues in research is broad, but this workshop focused on issues related to the development and use of digital technologies, artificial intelligence, and machine learning in research and clinical practice; issues emerging as nontraditional approaches to health research become more widespread; the role of bioethics in addressing racial and structural inequalities in health; and enhancing the capacity and diversity of the bioethics workforce. This publication summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.

Public Health Ethics: Cases Spanning the Globe

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783319238463
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (384 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health Ethics: Cases Spanning the Globe by : Drue H. Barrett

Download or read book Public Health Ethics: Cases Spanning the Globe written by Drue H. Barrett and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Open Access book highlights the ethical issues and dilemmas that arise in the practice of public health. It is also a tool to support instruction, debate, and dialogue regarding public health ethics. Although the practice of public health has always included consideration of ethical issues, the field of public health ethics as a discipline is a relatively new and emerging area. There are few practical training resources for public health practitioners, especially resources which include discussion of realistic cases which are likely to arise in the practice of public health. This work discusses these issues on a case to case basis and helps create awareness and understanding of the ethics of public health care. The main audience for the casebook is public health practitioners, including front-line workers, field epidemiology trainers and trainees, managers, planners, and decision makers who have an interest in learning about how to integrate ethical analysis into their day to day public health practice. The casebook is also useful to schools of public health and public health students as well as to academic ethicists who can use the book to teach public health ethics and distinguish it from clinical and research ethics.

The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190245212
Total Pages : 939 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics by : Anna C. Mastroianni

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Public Health Ethics written by Anna C. Mastroianni and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-07-23 with total page 939 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural disasters and cholera outbreaks. Ebola, SARS, and concerns over pandemic flu. HIV and AIDS. E. coli outbreaks from contaminated produce and fast foods. Threats of bioterrorism. Contamination of compounded drugs. Vaccination refusals and outbreaks of preventable diseases. These are just some of the headlines from the last 30-plus years highlighting the essential roles and responsibilities of public health, all of which come with ethical issues and the responsibilities they create. Public health has achieved extraordinary successes. And yet these successes also bring with them ethical tension. Not all public health successes are equally distributed in the population; extraordinary health disparities between rich and poor still exist. The most successful public health programs sometimes rely on policies that, while improving public health conditions, also limit individual rights. Public health practitioners and policymakers face these and other questions of ethics routinely in their work, and they must navigate their sometimes competing responsibilities to the health of the public with other important societal values such as privacy, autonomy, and prevailing cultural norms. This Oxford Handbook provides a sweeping and comprehensive review of the current state of public health ethics, addressing these and numerous other questions. Taking account of the wide range of topics under the umbrella of public health and the ethical issues raised by them, this volume is organized into fifteen sections. It begins with two sections that discuss the conceptual foundations, ethical tensions, and ethical frameworks of and for public health and how public health does its work. The thirteen sections that follow examine the application of public health ethics considerations and approaches across a broad range of public health topics. While chapters are organized into topical sections, each chapter is designed to serve as a standalone contribution. The book includes 73 chapters covering many topics from varying perspectives, a recognition of the diversity of the issues that define public health ethics in the U.S. and globally. This Handbook is an authoritative and indispensable guide to the state of public health ethics today.

Digital Contact Tracing for Pandemic Response

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Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 1421440628
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (214 download)

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Book Synopsis Digital Contact Tracing for Pandemic Response by : Jeffrey P. Kahn

Download or read book Digital Contact Tracing for Pandemic Response written by Jeffrey P. Kahn and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2020-05-29 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As nations race to hone contact-tracing efforts, the world's experts consider strategies for maximum transparency and impact. As public health professionals around the world work tirelessly to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, it is clear that traditional methods of contact tracing need to be augmented in order to help address a public health crisis of unprecedented scope. Innovators worldwide are racing to develop and implement novel public-facing technology solutions, including digital contact tracing technology. These technological products may aid public health surveillance and containment strategies for this pandemic and become part of the larger toolbox for future infectious outbreak prevention and control. As technology evolves in an effort to meet our current moment, Johns Hopkins Project on Ethics and Governance of Digital Contact Tracing Technologies—a rapid research and expert consensus group effort led by Dr. Jeffrey P. Kahn of the Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics in collaboration with the university's Center for Health Security—carried out an in-depth analysis of the technology and the issues it raises. Drawing on this analysis, they produced a report that includes detailed recommendations for technology companies, policymakers, institutions, employers, and the public. The project brings together perspectives from bioethics, health security, public health, technology development, engineering, public policy, and law to wrestle with the complex interactions of the many facets of the technology and its applications. This team of experts from Johns Hopkins University and other world-renowned institutions has crafted clear and detailed guidelines to help manage the creation, implementation, and application of digital contact tracing. Digital Contact Tracing for Pandemic Response is the essential resource for this fast-moving crisis. Contributors: Joseph Ali, JD; Anne Barnhill, PhD; Anita Cicero, JD; Katelyn Esmonde, PhD; Amelia Hood, MA; Brian Hutler, Phd, JD; Jeffrey P. Kahn, PhD, MPH; Alan Regenberg, MBE; Crystal Watson, DrPH, MPH; Matthew Watson; Robert Califf, MD, MACC; Ruth Faden, PhD, MPH; Divya Hosangadi, MSPH; Nancy Kass, ScD; Alain Labrique, PhD, MHS, MS; Deven McGraw, JD, MPH, LLM; Michelle Mello, JD, PhD; Michael Parker, BEd (Hons), MA, PhD; Stephen Ruckman, JD, MSc, MAR; Lainie Rutkow, JD, MPH, PhD; Josh Sharfstein, MD; Jeremy Sugarman, MD, MPH, MA; Eric Toner, MD; Mar Trotochaud, MSPH; Effy Vayena, PhD; Tal Zarsky, JSD, LLM, LLB

Privacy in Context

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Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0804772894
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Privacy in Context by : Helen Nissenbaum

Download or read book Privacy in Context written by Helen Nissenbaum and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2009-11-24 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Privacy is one of the most urgent issues associated with information technology and digital media. This book claims that what people really care about when they complain and protest that privacy has been violated is not the act of sharing information itself—most people understand that this is crucial to social life —but the inappropriate, improper sharing of information. Arguing that privacy concerns should not be limited solely to concern about control over personal information, Helen Nissenbaum counters that information ought to be distributed and protected according to norms governing distinct social contexts—whether it be workplace, health care, schools, or among family and friends. She warns that basic distinctions between public and private, informing many current privacy policies, in fact obscure more than they clarify. In truth, contemporary information systems should alarm us only when they function without regard for social norms and values, and thereby weaken the fabric of social life.

Emergency Ethics

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190270748
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (92 download)

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Book Synopsis Emergency Ethics by : Bruce Jennings

Download or read book Emergency Ethics written by Bruce Jennings and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading scholars in bioethics and public health ethics clarify the key values and norms of emergency planning and response and address ethical issues relating to the allocation of scarce resources, research in the context of emergencies, community participation in preparedness planning, the protection of those with special needs, and the duties public health professionals.

Leveraging Data Science for Global Health

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030479943
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Leveraging Data Science for Global Health by : Leo Anthony Celi

Download or read book Leveraging Data Science for Global Health written by Leo Anthony Celi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-31 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book explores ways to leverage information technology and machine learning to combat disease and promote health, especially in resource-constrained settings. It focuses on digital disease surveillance through the application of machine learning to non-traditional data sources. Developing countries are uniquely prone to large-scale emerging infectious disease outbreaks due to disruption of ecosystems, civil unrest, and poor healthcare infrastructure – and without comprehensive surveillance, delays in outbreak identification, resource deployment, and case management can be catastrophic. In combination with context-informed analytics, students will learn how non-traditional digital disease data sources – including news media, social media, Google Trends, and Google Street View – can fill critical knowledge gaps and help inform on-the-ground decision-making when formal surveillance systems are insufficient.

Ethics of Digital Well-Being

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030505855
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (35 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethics of Digital Well-Being by : Christopher Burr

Download or read book Ethics of Digital Well-Being written by Christopher Burr and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-19 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together international experts from a wide variety of disciplines, in order to understand the impact that digital technologies have had on our well-being as well as our understanding of what it means to live a life that is good for us. The multidisciplinary perspective that this collection offers demonstrates the breadth and importance of these discussions, and represents a pivotal and state-of-the-art contribution to the ongoing discussion concerning digital well-being. Furthermore, this is the first book that captures the complex set of issues that are implicated by the ongoing development of digital technologies, impacting our well-being either directly or indirectly. By helping to clarify some of the most pertinent issues, this collection clarifies the risks and opportunities associated with deploying digital technologies in various social domains. Chapter 2 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes

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Publisher : Government Printing Office
ISBN 13 : 1587634333
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes by : Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ

Download or read book Registries for Evaluating Patient Outcomes written by Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality/AHRQ and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 2014-04-01 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This User’s Guide is intended to support the design, implementation, analysis, interpretation, and quality evaluation of registries created to increase understanding of patient outcomes. For the purposes of this guide, a patient registry is an organized system that uses observational study methods to collect uniform data (clinical and other) to evaluate specified outcomes for a population defined by a particular disease, condition, or exposure, and that serves one or more predetermined scientific, clinical, or policy purposes. A registry database is a file (or files) derived from the registry. Although registries can serve many purposes, this guide focuses on registries created for one or more of the following purposes: to describe the natural history of disease, to determine clinical effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of health care products and services, to measure or monitor safety and harm, and/or to measure quality of care. Registries are classified according to how their populations are defined. For example, product registries include patients who have been exposed to biopharmaceutical products or medical devices. Health services registries consist of patients who have had a common procedure, clinical encounter, or hospitalization. Disease or condition registries are defined by patients having the same diagnosis, such as cystic fibrosis or heart failure. The User’s Guide was created by researchers affiliated with AHRQ’s Effective Health Care Program, particularly those who participated in AHRQ’s DEcIDE (Developing Evidence to Inform Decisions About Effectiveness) program. Chapters were subject to multiple internal and external independent reviews.

Applied Ethics in a Digital World

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799884694
Total Pages : 316 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Ethics in a Digital World by : Vasiliu-Feltes, Ingrid

Download or read book Applied Ethics in a Digital World written by Vasiliu-Feltes, Ingrid and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2021-11-19 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As advances in disruptive technologies transform politics and increase the velocity of information and policy flows worldwide, the public is being confronted with changes that move faster than they can comprehend. There is an urgent need to analyze and communicate the ethical issues of these advancements. In a perpetually updating digital world, data is becoming the dominant basis for reality. This new world demands a new approach because traditional methods are not fit for a non-physical space like the internet. Applied Ethics in a Digital World provides an analysis of the ethical questions raised by modern science, technological advancements, and the fourth industrial revolution and explores how to harness the speed, accuracy, and power of emerging technologies in policy research and public engagement to help leaders, policymakers, and the public understand the impact that these technologies will have on economies, legal and political systems, and the way of life. Covering topics such as artificial intelligence (AI) ethics, digital equity, and translational ethics, this book is a dynamic resource for policymakers, civil society, CEOs, ethicists, technologists, security advisors, sociologists, cyber behavior specialists, criminologists, data scientists, global governments, students, researchers, professors, academicians, and professionals.

Ethical Considerations for Digital Public Health

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Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832555373
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis Ethical Considerations for Digital Public Health by : Denise Veelo

Download or read book Ethical Considerations for Digital Public Health written by Denise Veelo and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-10-09 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Public health guidelines and policies relating to digital public health are essential to ensuring the protection of the population. With this protection, there needs to be a consideration for the ethical challenges in public health. There is an obligation of care that comes with accessing health services, as well as a need for understanding the role of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. As health challenges become more complex, there is a growing need to identify and address questions on existing public health policies, codes of conduct, and guidelines relating to the provision of medical care across the globe, in order to strengthen our understanding of the ethics of public health practices.

Participatory Health Through Social Media

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Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128095482
Total Pages : 164 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Participatory Health Through Social Media by : Shabbir Syed-Abdul

Download or read book Participatory Health Through Social Media written by Shabbir Syed-Abdul and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-06-10 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Participatory Health through Social Media explores how traditional models of healthcare can be delivered differently through social media and online games, and how these technologies are changing the relationship between patients and healthcare professionals, as well as their impact on health behavior change. The book also examines how the hospitals, public health authorities, and inspectorates are currently using social media to facilitate both information distribution and collection. Also looks into the opportunities and risks to record and analyze epidemiologically relevant data retrieved from the Internet, social media, sensor data, and other digital sources. The book encompasses topics such as patient empowerment, gamification and social games, and the relationships between social media, health behavior change, and health communication crisis during epidemics. Additionally, the book analyzes the possibilities of big data generated through social media. Authored by IMIA Social Media working group, this book is a valuable resource for healthcare researchers and professionals, as well as clinicians interested in using new media as part of their practice or research. - Presents a multidisciplinary point of view providing the readers with a broader perspective - Brings the latest case studies and technological advances in the area, supported by an active international community of members who actively work in this area - Endorsed by IMIA Social Media workgroup, guaranteeing trustable information from the most relevant experts on the subject - Examines how the hospitals, public health authorities, and inspectorates are currently using social media to facilitate both information distribution and collection

Participatory Visual and Digital Methods

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1315422999
Total Pages : 241 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (154 download)

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Book Synopsis Participatory Visual and Digital Methods by : Aline Gubrium

Download or read book Participatory Visual and Digital Methods written by Aline Gubrium and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gubrium and Harper describe how visual and digital methodologies can contribute to a participatory, public-engaged ethnography. These methods can change the traditional relationship between academic researchers and the community, building one that is more accessible, inclusive, and visually appealing, and one that encourages community members to reflect and engage in issues in their own communities. The authors describe how to use photovoice, film and video, digital storytelling, GIS, digital archives and exhibits in participatory contexts, and include numerous case studies demonstrating their utility around the world.

Intelligent Assistive Technologies for Dementia

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 0190459808
Total Pages : 321 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligent Assistive Technologies for Dementia by : Fabrice Jotterand

Download or read book Intelligent Assistive Technologies for Dementia written by Fabrice Jotterand and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2019 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasingly widespread implementation and use of intelligent assistive technologies (IATs) is reshaping dementia care. This volume provides an up-to-date overview of the current state of IATs for dementia care. The new essays collected here examine what IATs will mean for clinical practice and the ethical and regulatory challenges they will pose.

Public Health Ethics and Practice

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Author :
Publisher : Policy Press
ISBN 13 : 1847421024
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (474 download)

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Book Synopsis Public Health Ethics and Practice by : Peckham, Stephen

Download or read book Public Health Ethics and Practice written by Peckham, Stephen and published by Policy Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the principles and values that support an ethical approach to public health practice and provides examples of complex areas which those practising, analysing and planning the health of populations have to navigate.

Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190067411
Total Pages : 1000 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI by : Markus D. Dubber

Download or read book Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI written by Markus D. Dubber and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-30 with total page 1000 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume tackles a quickly-evolving field of inquiry, mapping the existing discourse as part of a general attempt to place current developments in historical context; at the same time, breaking new ground in taking on novel subjects and pursuing fresh approaches. The term "A.I." is used to refer to a broad range of phenomena, from machine learning and data mining to artificial general intelligence. The recent advent of more sophisticated AI systems, which function with partial or full autonomy and are capable of tasks which require learning and 'intelligence', presents difficult ethical questions, and has drawn concerns from many quarters about individual and societal welfare, democratic decision-making, moral agency, and the prevention of harm. This work ranges from explorations of normative constraints on specific applications of machine learning algorithms today-in everyday medical practice, for instance-to reflections on the (potential) status of AI as a form of consciousness with attendant rights and duties and, more generally still, on the conceptual terms and frameworks necessarily to understand tasks requiring intelligence, whether "human" or "A.I."

International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects

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Author :
Publisher : World Health Organization
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects by : Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences

Download or read book International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects written by Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2002 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present text is the revised/updated version of the CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects. It consists of 21 guidelines with commentaries. A prefatory section outlines the historical background and the revision process and includes an introduction an account of earlier instruments and guidelines a statement of ethical principles and a preamble. An Appendix lists the items to be included in the research protocol to be submitted for scientific and ethical review and clearance. The Guidelines relate mainly to ethical justification and scientific validity of research; ethical review; informed consent; vulnerability - of individuals groups communities and populations; women as research subjects; equity regarding burdens and benefits; choice of control in clinical trials; confidentiality; compensation for injury; strengthening of national or local capacity for ethical review; and obligations of sponsors to provide health-care services. They are designed to be of use to countries in defining national policies on the ethics of biomedical research involving human subjects applying ethical standards in local circumstances and establishing or improving ethical review mechanisms. A particular aim is to reflect the conditions and the needs of low-resource countries and the implications for multinational or transnational research in which they may be partners.