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Author : J.-M. Punning
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (636 download)
Download or read book Estonia in the System of Global Climate Change written by J.-M. Punning and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jaan-Mati Punning
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)
Download or read book Estonia in the System of Global Climate Change written by Jaan-Mati Punning and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 149 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Vulnerability and Adaptation to Global Climate Change written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because of its geography, wide coastal areas, water resources, forests, and wetlands, the environment of Estonia is sensitive to climate change and sea level rise. Therefore, the vulnerability and adaptation assessment focused on these sectors GCM-based and incremental climate change scenarios are used for V and A assessment in Estonia. The results of five GCMs provided by NCAR are available, and four of them (GISS, CCCM, GFDL30, GFDL transient) are chosen for the assessment in Estonia. The CERES-Barley model is used to assess crop productivity in four long-term (1966--1987) barley field trials situated on different types of soils in different parts of Estonia. The SPUR-2 model which was expected to be used to assess herbage sensitivity to climate change doesn't fit Estonia. To estimate the responses of forests to proposed climate change scenarios, five study sites with relatively species rich forest stands and with different types of climate (continental and moderately maritime) are selected and the simple version of the Forest Gap Model is used. The Holdridge Life Zones Classification Models are also used to determine the potential evapotranspiration ratio for different tree species and the multiplier for temperature as a function of the forest growth. The WatBal model is used in water resources vulnerability assessment for three rivers with different hydrological regimes and landscape conditions.
Author : Jason Smerdon
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231518188
Total Pages : 341 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)
Download or read book Climate Change written by Jason Smerdon and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2009-04-25 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate Change is geared toward a variety of students and general readers who seek the real science behind global warming. Exquisitely illustrated, the text introduces the basic science underlying both the natural progress of climate change and the effect of human activity on the deteriorating health of our planet. Noted expert and author Edmond A. Mathez synthesizes the work of leading scholars in climatology and related fields, and he concludes with an extensive chapter on energy production, anchoring this volume in economic and technological realities and suggesting ways to reduce greenhouse-gas emissions. Climate Change opens with the climate system fundamentals: the workings of the atmosphere and ocean, their chemical interactions via the carbon cycle, and the scientific framework for understanding climate change. Mathez then brings the climate of the past to bear on our present predicament, highlighting the importance of paleoclimatology in understanding the current climate system. Subsequent chapters explore the changes already occurring around us and their implications for the future. In a special feature, Jason E. Smerdon, associate research scientist at Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, provides an innovative appendix for students.
Author : Tiit Kallaste
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789985911440
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (114 download)
Download or read book Climate Change Studies in Estonia written by Tiit Kallaste and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II.
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521634557
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (345 download)
Download or read book The Regional Impacts of Climate Change written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II. and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 1998.
Download or read book Oil Shale written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Andres Tarand
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789985911433
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (114 download)
Download or read book Country Case Study on Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Assessments in the Republic of Estonia written by Andres Tarand and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Siobhan Mcinerney-Lankford
Publisher : World Bank Publications
ISBN 13 : 0821387235
Total Pages : 162 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (213 download)
Download or read book Human Rights and Climate Change written by Siobhan Mcinerney-Lankford and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Study explores arguments about the impact of climate change on human rights, examining the international legal frameworks governing human rights and climate change and identifying the relevant synergies and tensions between them. It considers arguments about (i) the human rights impacts of climate change at a macro level and how these impacts are spread disparately across countries; (ii) how climate change impacts human rights enjoyment within states and the equity and discrimination dimensions of those disparate impacts; and (iii) the role of international legal frameworks and mechanisms, including human rights instruments, particularly in the context of supporting developing countries’ adaptation efforts. The Study surveys the interface of human rights and climate change from the perspective of public international law. It builds upon the work that has been carried out on this interface by reviewing the legal issues it raises and complementing existing analyses by providing a comprehensive legal overview of the area and a focus on obligations upon States and other actors connected with climate change. The objective has therefore been to contribute to the global debate on climate change and human rights by offering a review of the legal dimensions of this interface as well as a survey of the sources of public international law potentially relevant to climate change and human rights in order to facilitate an understanding of what is meant, in legal terms, by “human rights impacts of climate change” and help identify ways in which international law can respond to this interaction.
Author : Lawrence Goulder
Publisher : Columbia University Press
ISBN 13 : 0231545932
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (315 download)
Download or read book Confronting the Climate Challenge written by Lawrence Goulder and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-26 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Without significant reductions of greenhouse gas emissions, climate change will cause substantial damage to the environment and the economy. The scope of the threat demands a close look at the policies capable of reducing the harm. Confronting the Climate Challenge presents a unique framework for evaluating the impacts of a range of U.S. climate-policy options, both for the economy overall and for particular household groups, industries, and regions. Lawrence Goulder and Marc Hafstead focus on four alternative approaches for reducing carbon dioxide emissions: a revenue-neutral carbon tax, a cap-and-trade program, a clean energy standard, and an increase in the federal gasoline tax. They demonstrate that these policies—if designed correctly—not only can achieve emissions reductions at low cost but also can avoid placing undesirable burdens on low-income household groups or especially vulnerable industries. Goulder and Hafstead apply a multiperiod, economy-wide general equilibrium model that is distinct in its attention to investment dynamics and to interactions between climate policy and the tax system. Exploiting the unique features of the model, they contrast the shorter- and longer-term policy impacts and focus on alternative ways of feeding back—or “recycling”—policy-generated revenues to the private sector. Their work shows how careful policy design, including the judicious use of policy-generated revenues, can achieve desired reductions in carbon dioxide emissions at low cost, avoid uneven impacts across household income groups, and prevent losses of profit in the most vulnerable U.S. industries. The urgency of the climate problem demands comprehensive action, and Confronting the Climate Challenge offers important insights that can help elevate policy discussions and spur needed efforts on the climate front.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789985586082
Total Pages : 146 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (86 download)
Download or read book Climate change impact on Estonian coasts written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Tiit Kallaste
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789985911464
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (114 download)
Download or read book Possible Energy Sector Trends in Estonia written by Tiit Kallaste and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Reimo Rivis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789985583593
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (835 download)
Download or read book Shoreline Dynamics in Estonia Associated with Climate Change written by Reimo Rivis and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9264091378
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Cities and Climate Change written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-29 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how city and metropolitan regional governments working in tandem with national governments can change the way we think about responding to climate change.
Author : The BACC II Author Team
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 3319160060
Total Pages : 515 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (191 download)
Download or read book Second Assessment of Climate Change for the Baltic Sea Basin written by The BACC II Author Team and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-03 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an update of the first BACC assessment, published in 2008. It offers new and updated scientific findings in regional climate research for the Baltic Sea basin. These include climate changes since the last glaciation (approx. 12,000 years ago), changes in the recent past (the last 200 years), climate projections up until 2100 using state-of-the-art regional climate models and an assessment of climate-change impacts on terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems. There are dedicated new chapters on sea-level rise, coastal erosion and impacts on urban areas. A new set of chapters deals with possible causes of regional climate change along with the global effects of increased greenhouse gas concentrations, namely atmospheric aerosols and land-cover change. The evidence collected and presented in this book shows that the regional climate has already started to change and this is expected to continue. Projections of potential future climates show that the region will probably become considerably warmer and wetter in some parts, but dryer in others. Terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems have already shown adjustments to increased temperatures and are expected to undergo further changes in the near future. The BACC II Author Team consists of 141 scientists from 12 countries, covering various disciplines related to climate research and related impacts. BACC II is a project of the Baltic Earth research network and contributes to the World Climate Research Programme.
Author : Sarah Thomson
Publisher : Open University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780335264001
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Economic Crisis, Health Systems and Health in Europe written by Sarah Thomson and published by Open University Press. This book was released on 2015-07 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic shocks pose a threat to health and health system performance by increasing people's need for health care and making access to care more difficult - a situation compounded by cuts in public spending on health and other social services. But these negative effects can be avoided by timely public policy action. While important public policy levers lie outside the health sector, in the hands of those responsible for fiscal policy and social protection, the health system response is critical. This book looks at how health systems in Europe reacted to pressure created by the financial and economic crisis that began in 2008. Drawing on the experience of over 45 countries, the authors:' analyse health system responses to the crisis in three policy areas: public funding for the health system; health coverage; and health service planning, purchasing and delivery 'assess the impact of these responses on health systems and population health' identify policies most likely to sustain the performance of health systems facing financial pressure' explore the political economy of implementing reforms in a crisisThe book is essential reading for anyone who wants to understand the choices available to policy-makers - and the implications of failing to protect health and health-system performance - in the face of economic and other forms of shock.--
Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)
Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.
