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Estimating The Benefits Of Early Warning Systems In Reducing Urban Flood Risk To People
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Book Synopsis Estimating the Benefits of Early Warning Systems in Reducing Urban Flood Risk to People by : Stefano Balbi
Download or read book Estimating the Benefits of Early Warning Systems in Reducing Urban Flood Risk to People written by Stefano Balbi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flood risk assessment usually focuses on damages to material objects (indirect tangible costs) and downplays the broader socio-economic aspects of flood-prone systems. Such aspects are crucial for an accurate assessment of risk to human receptors and of the benefits of non-structural measures. For example, an early warning system (EWS) that reduces the amount of direct tangible costs only partially could: (i) save lives (direct intangible costs); (ii) help avoid long-lasting trauma (indirect intangible costs); (iii) prevent post-disaster evacuation costs (indirect tangible costs). We present a methodology to assess flood risk to people, which integrates people's vulnerability and ability to cushion hazards by coping and adapting. The study area covers the lower part of the Sihl valley (Switzerland) including the city of Zurich. Flood risk to people is modelled using a spatially explicit Bayesian network model calibrated on expert opinions (25 experts were involved). Risk to people is assessed in terms of: (1) likelihood of non-fatal physical injury; (2) likelihood of post-traumatic stress disorder; (3) likelihood of death. The model is used to estimate the benefits of improving an existing EWS, taking into account reliability, lead-time and scope. The proposed approach can: (1) improve flood cost estimation by extending its scope beyond direct and tangible damages; (2) complement quantitative and semi-quantitative data with subjective and local knowledge, improving the use of commonly available information; and (3) produce estimates of model uncertainty by providing probability distributions for all its outputs.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309489644 Total Pages :101 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Framing the Challenge of Urban Flooding in the United States by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Framing the Challenge of Urban Flooding in the United States written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-03-29 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flooding is the natural hazard with the greatest economic and social impact in the United States, and these impacts are becoming more severe over time. Catastrophic flooding from recent hurricanes, including Superstorm Sandy in New York (2012) and Hurricane Harvey in Houston (2017), caused billions of dollars in property damage, adversely affected millions of people, and damaged the economic well-being of major metropolitan areas. Flooding takes a heavy toll even in years without a named storm or event. Major freshwater flood events from 2004 to 2014 cost an average of $9 billion in direct damage and 71 lives annually. These figures do not include the cumulative costs of frequent, small floods, which can be similar to those of infrequent extreme floods. Framing the Challenge of Urban Flooding in the United States contributes to existing knowledge by examining real-world examples in specific metropolitan areas. This report identifies commonalities and variances among the case study metropolitan areas in terms of causes, adverse impacts, unexpected problems in recovery, or effective mitigation strategies, as well as key themes of urban flooding. It also relates, as appropriate, causes and actions of urban flooding to existing federal resources or policies.
Book Synopsis Reducing Disaster by : Ashbindu Singh
Download or read book Reducing Disaster written by Ashbindu Singh and published by . This book was released on 2014-05-31 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Around the world, extreme weather events are becoming increasingly "the new normal" and are expected to increase in the 21st century as a result of climate change. Extreme weather events have devastating impacts on human lives and national economies. This book examines ways to protect people from hazards using early warning systems, and includes contributions from experts from four different continentsrepresenting 14 different universities, 8 government agencies and two UN agencies. Chapters detail critical components of early warning systems, ways to identify vulnerable communities, predict hazards and deliver information. Unique satellite images illustrate the transnational impact of disasters, while case studies provide detailed examples of warning systems. With contributors from the fields of economics, ethics, meteorology, geography and biology, this book is essential reading for anyone interested in disaster risk reduction or climate change.
Book Synopsis Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction by : Jochen Zschau
Download or read book Early Warning Systems for Natural Disaster Reduction written by Jochen Zschau and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written for a broad audience this book offers a comprehensive account of early warning systems for hydro meteorological disasters such as floods and storms, and for geological disasters such as earthquakes. One major theme is the increasingly important role in early warning systems played by the rapidly evolving fields of space and information technology. The authors, all experts in their respective fields, offer a comprehensive and in-depth insight into the current and future perspectives for early warning systems. The text is aimed at decision-makers in the political arena, scientists, engineers and those responsible for public communication and dissemination of warnings.
Book Synopsis Flood Risk and Social Justice by : Zoran Vojinovic
Download or read book Flood Risk and Social Justice written by Zoran Vojinovic and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2012-03-05 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flood Risk and Social Justice is a response to the rising significance of floods and flood-related disasters worldwide, as an initiative to promote a socially just approach to the problems of flood risk. It integrates the human-social and the technological components to provide a holistic view. This book treats flooding as a multi-dimensional human and natural world tragedy that must be accommodated using all the social and technological means that can be mobilised before, during and after the flooding event. It covers socially just flood risk mitigation practices which necessitate a wide range of multidisciplinary approaches, starting from social and wider environmental needs, including feedback cycles between human needs and technological means. Flood Risk and Social Justice looks at how to judge whether a risk is acceptable or not by addressing an understanding of social and phenomenological considerations rather than simple calculations of probabilities multiplied by unwanted outcomes and their balancing between costs and benefits. It is argued that the present ‘flood management’ practice should be largely replaced by the social justice approach where particular attention is given to deciding what is the right thing to do within a much wider context. Thus it insists upon the validity of modes of human understanding which cannot be addressed within the limited context of modern science. Flood Risk and Social Justice is written to support a wide range of audiences and seeks to improve the dialogue between researchers and practitioners from different disciplines (including post-graduate engineering, environmental and social science students, industry practitioners, academics, planners, environmental advocacy groups and environmental law professionals) who have a strong interest in a new kind of social justice work that can act as a continuous counter-balance to the various mechanisms that unceasingly give rise to profound injustices. More information about this book can be found in this article written for the WaterWiki by the author: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/FloodRiskandSocialJustice Authors: Zoran Vojinovic is Associate Professor at the UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands, with almost 20 years of consulting and research experience in various aspects of water industry in New Zealand, Australia, Asia, Europe, Central/South America and the Caribbean. Michael B. Abbott is Emeritus Professor at the UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, Delft, the Netherlands, and a Director of the European Institute for Industrial Leadership in Brussels. He founded and developed the disciplines of Computational Hydraulics and Hydroinformatics and co-founded, the Journal of Hydroinformatics with Professor Roger Falconer.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Theories and Methods for Estimating Benefits of Protecting Urban Floodplains by : Edward Greenberg
Download or read book Analysis of Theories and Methods for Estimating Benefits of Protecting Urban Floodplains written by Edward Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ;Contents: A theory of urban floodplain protection benefits; Benefit determination theories in INTASA and Weisz studies; Empirical estimation methods in INTASA and Weisz-day--A critical analysis; A regression model of impact of flood risk on urban land values--A case study for St. Louis County.
Book Synopsis Cities and Flooding by : Abhas K. Jha
Download or read book Cities and Flooding written by Abhas K. Jha and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 639 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Urban flooding is an increasing challenge today to the expanding cities and towns of developing countries. This Handbook is a state-of-the art, user-friendly operational guide that shows decision makers and specialists how to effectively manage the risk of floods in rapidly urbanizing settings--and within the context of a changing climate.
Book Synopsis The Benefit of Continental Flood Early Warning Systems to Reduce the Impact of Flood Disasters by :
Download or read book The Benefit of Continental Flood Early Warning Systems to Reduce the Impact of Flood Disasters written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When flood events are extreme or affect regions of high vulnerability, they can become life threatening and devastating.They can also interrupt supply chains and cause significant socio-economic impacts worldwide. -The EU has implemented a comprehensive policy framework to reduce flood impacts in the EU and worldwide. -The JRC supports the EU policies on civil protection, disaster risk reduction and adaptation to climate change with state ofthe art European and global flood early warning systems. It manages the Copernicus Emergency Management Service. -A study on the monetary benefit of flood early warning systems in Europe suggest major savings can be achieved. -The recently launched Global Flood Partnership, co-chaired by JRC, fosters transfer of knowledge from the EU todeveloping countries and aid organisations. This report summarises current European policies in place to deal with flooding in the different phases of the disaster management cycle. A description of the development of pan-European flood early warning capability (EFAS) is provided as well as how the system fits into the responsibility chain between national services and EU civil protection. An estimate of the potential monetary benefit of EFAS in Europe is clearly indicates the added value. It further addresses gaps of such systems in other regions such as Africa and demonstrates how methodology of EU systems could be transferred for better preparedness for flooding in vulnerable regions. The recently launched Global Flood Partnership shows great potential to facilitate such transfer.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Flood Warning System in Ellicott City, MD by : Randall Eberts
Download or read book An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the Flood Warning System in Ellicott City, MD written by Randall Eberts and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Critical Assessment of Methodologies for Estimating Urban Flood Control Damage-prevented Benefits by : David Plazak
Download or read book A Critical Assessment of Methodologies for Estimating Urban Flood Control Damage-prevented Benefits written by David Plazak and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Valuing the Benefits of Nature-Based Solutions by : Marcus Wishart
Download or read book Valuing the Benefits of Nature-Based Solutions written by Marcus Wishart and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Floods are the most frequent of all-natural hazards and responsible for causing more damages than any other disasters. Globally, floods are estimated to have affected more than 2 billion people between 1998 and 2018, accounting for 45 percent of all people affected by disasters during that period with an estimated 142,088 fatalities. The immediate impacts of flooding include the loss of human life, livelihoods, damage to property, destruction of crops, loss of livestock, disruption of services, and deterioration of health conditions owing to waterborne diseases, among others. The direct economic losses caused by flooding over the last decade are estimated at US656 billion dollars, although these are systematically under-reported and actual values are likely much higher. When accounting for intangible impacts on human well-being, natural disasters are thought to cost the global economy more than US520 billion dollars a year. This report outlines a comprehensive framework for valuing the benefits associated with NbS for IUFM to facilitate the identification of appropriate and sustainable financing mechanisms to realize those values. Traditional approaches of assessing the benefits of urban flood management have been focused on avoided losses due to reductions in the probability of flooding. A benefit to this approach is that it is simple to calculate and to explain to decision makers. It can also provide information regarding the optimal level of flood risk reduction associated to the direct intervention cost. However, such traditional approaches do not reflect the full range of social, environmental and economic benefits that can be realized by NbS for IUFM. Broader recognition of these benefits, and an evaluation of their value under different circumstances, provides the foundation for capturing non-market values and leveraging private sector and community financing options. The approach described herein builds on the 'Principles for Valuing Water' articulated by the High-Level Panel on Water convened by the United Nations and the World Bank Group and includes three common types of flooding (i.e. fluvial, pluvial and coastal) through a five step process.
Book Synopsis Analysis of Theories and Methods for Estimating Benefits of Protecting Urban Flood Plains by : Edward Greenberg
Download or read book Analysis of Theories and Methods for Estimating Benefits of Protecting Urban Flood Plains written by Edward Greenberg and published by . This book was released on 1975* with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flood Early Warning Systems by : D. MOLINARI
Download or read book Flood Early Warning Systems written by D. MOLINARI and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing specifically on the topic of flood risk in mountainous regions, the book can be viewed as a sort of manual for EWS designers, managers, and users. It is organised into different independent sections which will appeal both to experts as well as those with an interest in the subject. Most of results can also be exported to other hazards.
Book Synopsis A Cost Effective Solution to Reduce Disaster Losses in Developing Countries by : Stéphane Hallegatte
Download or read book A Cost Effective Solution to Reduce Disaster Losses in Developing Countries written by Stéphane Hallegatte and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Cost Effective Solution to Reduce Disaster Losses in Developing Countries by : S. Hallegatte
Download or read book A Cost Effective Solution to Reduce Disaster Losses in Developing Countries written by S. Hallegatte and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Europe, it can be estimated that hydro-meteorological information and early warning systems save several hundreds of lives per year, avoid between 460 million and 2.7 billion Euros of disaster asset losses per year, and produce between 3.4 and 34 billion of additional benefits per year through the optimization of economic production in weather-sensitive sectors (agriculture, energy, etc.). The potential for similar benefits in the developing world is not only proportional to population, but also to increased hazard risk due to climate and geography, as well as increased exposure to weather due to the state of infrastructure. This analysis estimates that the potential benefits from upgrading to developed-country standards the hydro-meteorological information production and early warning capacity in all developing countries include: (i) between 300 million and 2 billion USD per year of avoided asset losses due to natural disasters; (ii) an average of 23,000 saved lives per year, which is valued between 700 million and 3.5 billion USD per year using the Copenhagen Consensus guidelines; and (iii) between 3 and 30 billion USD per year of additional economic benefits. The total benefits would reach between 4 and 36 billion USD per year. Because some of the most expensive components of early warning systems have already been built (e.g., earth observation satellites, global weather forecasts), these investments are relatively modest, estimated here around 1 billion US per year, reaching benefit-cost ratios between 4 and 36.
Book Synopsis Unbreakable by : Stephane Hallegatte
Download or read book Unbreakable written by Stephane Hallegatte and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-11-24 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Economic losses from natural disasters totaled $92 billion in 2015.' Such statements, all too commonplace, assess the severity of disasters by no other measure than the damage inflicted on buildings, infrastructure, and agricultural production. But $1 in losses does not mean the same thing to a rich person that it does to a poor person; the gravity of a $92 billion loss depends on who experiences it. By focusing on aggregate losses—the traditional approach to disaster risk—we restrict our consideration to how disasters affect those wealthy enough to have assets to lose in the first place, and largely ignore the plight of poor people. This report moves beyond asset and production losses and shifts its attention to how natural disasters affect people’s well-being. Disasters are far greater threats to well-being than traditional estimates suggest. This approach provides a more nuanced view of natural disasters than usual reporting, and a perspective that takes fuller account of poor people’s vulnerabilities. Poor people suffer only a fraction of economic losses caused by disasters, but they bear the brunt of their consequences. Understanding the disproportionate vulnerability of poor people also makes the case for setting new intervention priorities to lessen the impact of natural disasters on the world’s poor, such as expanding financial inclusion, disaster risk and health insurance, social protection and adaptive safety nets, contingent finance and reserve funds, and universal access to early warning systems. Efforts to reduce disaster risk and poverty go hand in hand. Because disasters impoverish so many, disaster risk management is inseparable from poverty reduction policy, and vice versa. As climate change magnifies natural hazards, and because protection infrastructure alone cannot eliminate risk, a more resilient population has never been more critical to breaking the cycle of disaster-induced poverty.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Urban Transitions by : Zaheer Allam
Download or read book Sustainable Urban Transitions written by Zaheer Allam and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-07-18 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to explore how sustainability transitions can be explored in current and future cities and how research and policy approaches can be applied to change urban life as we know it, hence aligning the two thematic of urban science and future science, for achieving deep decarbonization. On this, the discourse on philosophy, ethics, and morality appertaining to sustainable cities and urban transitions, across disciplines, are also welcomed as it provides a deeper understanding of humanity in future scenarios. Chapter 08 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
