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Essays On International Trade Policy
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Book Synopsis Trade Policy, Trade Agreements, and Economic Growth: Essays in International Trade Theory by : Eric W. Bond
Download or read book Trade Policy, Trade Agreements, and Economic Growth: Essays in International Trade Theory written by Eric W. Bond and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2017-04-30 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the main contributions of Eric Bond in the areas of international trade policy, trade agreements, and economic growth. The central focus of this volume is the author's pioneering work on the role of differences in market power across countries in explaining incentives to join preferential trade agreements and the form of trade agreements. Other topics include the interactions of physical and human capital accumulation in determining trade patterns and growth rates and the impact of non-tariff measures on international trade and investment. The volume also gives insights into the role of firm heterogeneity in domestic and international trade.
Book Synopsis Regionalism in Trade Policy by : Arvind Panagariya
Download or read book Regionalism in Trade Policy written by Arvind Panagariya and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1999 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade diversion and the creation of complicated and discriminatory tariff regimes with increased tariffs for non-member countries - the consequences of PTAs - are likely to undermine the multilateral trading system."--Jacket.
Book Synopsis Essays on the Nature of International Trade Law by : Robert E. Hudec
Download or read book Essays on the Nature of International Trade Law written by Robert E. Hudec and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of International Trade Law by : Daniel L. M. Kennedy
Download or read book The Political Economy of International Trade Law written by Daniel L. M. Kennedy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2002-05-23 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: International experts from law, economics and political science provide in-depth analysis of international trade issues. Attorneys, economists and political scientists adopt a common viewpoint, entitled 'transcending the ostensible'. This approach directs particular attention to the possibility that WTO legal institutions, like other international legal institutions, will function in unexpected ways due to the political and economic conditions of the international environment in which they have been created, and in which they operate. A range of trade problems are considered here. Topics include the constitutional dimensions of international trade law, adding subjects and restructuring existing subjects to international trade law, the legal relations between developed and developing countries, and the operation of the WTO dispute settlement procedure. This will be an essential volume for professionals and academics involved with international trade policy.
Author :Margarita M. Kalamova Publisher :Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften ISBN 13 :9783631621394 Total Pages :131 pages Book Rating :4.6/5 (213 download)
Book Synopsis Essays in International Trade and Public Economics by : Margarita M. Kalamova
Download or read book Essays in International Trade and Public Economics written by Margarita M. Kalamova and published by Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften. This book was released on 2012 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays of this book are contributions to the empirical Literature in International Trade and Public Economics. They deal with the relationship between the structure and quality of the public sector and the process of economic integration. Two of the essays add to the empirical determinants of trade and foreign direct investment (FDI) and to the numerous applications of the theory of government decentralization. Decentralization tends to discourage inward FDI and domestic trade and to increase imports and exports. A third essay focuses on the effect of governments' intangible assets - such as consumer perceptions about countries and products from these countries - on FDI. A country's nation brand is shown to have a significant and large positive effect on investment flows.
Book Synopsis Essays on International Trade Policy by : Asrat Tesfayesus
Download or read book Essays on International Trade Policy written by Asrat Tesfayesus and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the advent of WWII, artificial trade barriers had reached their 20th century peaks. Drastic protectionist measures, aggravated by a worldwide economic depression, led to the significant decline in international trade which in effect further prolonged the economic crises. However, after the end of WWII, among other serious measures taken to promote international economic integration, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) was put into effect. Since 1948, the GATT has been effectively used as an instrument to gradually and substantially reduce international trade barriers. These reductions were implemented after multilaterally agreed upon reciprocal concessions were negotiated and signed during the 8 different Rounds that the GATT successfully facilitated. While the primary objective of liberalizing trade is at the essence of these rounds, what negotiators negotiate about in how to share the gains from trade that ensue is less apparent. Furthermore, the GATT as an instrument has been functioning under the auspices of the World Trade Organization (WTO) since 1995. With more countries involved and more varied tradable outputs to negotiate over, the magnitude of the pareto improving gains from trade is increasingly substantial. Since its inception, the WTO has put tremendous effort and resources to continue the process of trade liberalization. However, the Doha Round, the only WTO Round, has yet to show any substantial progress after 12 years since it began in 2001. Why member states fail to reach an agreement has yet to be answered. In this dissertation, I shed some light on both questions. First, using a select number of developing countries I provide an empirical support to the terms of trade theory; which argues that negotiators negotiate and enter into trade agreement in order to escape from a terms of trade prisoner's dilemma. Negotiators agree to reciprocally internalize externalities they impose on each other in order to create a more efficient international trade environment. Secondly, I argue that in light of the participation of a larger number of asymmetrically informed member states dealing with a much greater scope of issues that have to all be settled at once, the delay in the Doha Round completion can be explained by negotiating parties engaging in a war of attrition. A negotiator who does not know its trading partners' cost of waiting and valuation of outcome is more likely to attempt to wait it out until all trading partners concede. Consequently, the group as a whole is left with an inefficient amount of delay that could potentially be alleviated by an imposition of a strict deadline by which time an agreement has to be reached. Finally, I provide some empirical evidence to show how the war of attrition story is aggravated by the sudden proliferation in the use of Regional Trade Agreements (RTA) since the early 1990s.
Book Synopsis From Here to Free Trade by : Ernest H. Preeg
Download or read book From Here to Free Trade written by Ernest H. Preeg and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 1998-05-13 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In his new book, Ernest Preeg analyzes international trade and investment in the 1990s and lays out a comprehensive U.S. trade strategy for the uncertain period ahead. He examines the influence of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and argues that economic globalization is beneficial to the U.S. economy in the short- to medium-term while raising important questions about national sovereignty and security over the longer term. Preeg believes regional free trade agreements will soon encompass the majority of world trade, but they can conflict with the WTO's multilateral objectives. The central challenge for U.S. trade strategy, then, is to integrate the now largely separate multilateral and regional tracks of the world trading system. The first essay assesses U.S. interests in economic globalization, the second examines recent steps toward free trade at the multilateral and regional levels, and the next three offer an in-depth critique of U.S. regional free trade objectives in the Americas, across the Pacific, and possibly with Europe. The final essay presents a multilateral/regional synthesis for going from here to free trade over the coming decade.
Book Synopsis The WTO as a Legal System by : N. David Palmeter
Download or read book The WTO as a Legal System written by N. David Palmeter and published by Cameron May. This book was released on 2003 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Clive M. Schmitthoff's Select Essays on International Trade Law by : Clive Maximilian Schmitthoff
Download or read book Clive M. Schmitthoff's Select Essays on International Trade Law written by Clive Maximilian Schmitthoff and published by BRILL. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 864 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essays on International Trade and Foreign Policy by : Julian Hinz
Download or read book Essays on International Trade and Foreign Policy written by Julian Hinz and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of this doctoral thesis revolves around the analysis of the links between foreign policy and international trade, along with one chapter that is of more methodological nature. In chapter1 I show how geopolitical interests are a key motivation for economic integration agreements. Big countries systematically negotiate and sign these agreements with smaller countries that offer political benefits at the expense of economic ones. Chapter 2 provides an empirical analysis into the effect of sanctions on sanctioning countries--their exports in particular. In this joint work with Matthieu Crozet, we study the macro-impact of the sanctions regime against the Russian Federation on export flows from Western countries and the micro-impact on French exporting firms. Chapter 3 takes a closer look at the mechanism through which political relations between countries impact their trade flows. A collaboration with Elsa Leromain, we show how countries adjust their input sourcing pattern to the political climate with the respective trading partner. Finally, in chapter 4 I explore the methodological issue of how trade costs should be aggregated from lower levels of geographic aggregation to higher ones and I compute theory-consistent country to country distances using nighttime satellite imagery for information on the location of economic activity.
Book Synopsis Trade, Welfare, and Economic Policies by : Murray C. Kemp
Download or read book Trade, Welfare, and Economic Policies written by Murray C. Kemp and published by Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New contributions to the theory of international trade
Book Synopsis Essays on International Trade and Policy by : Mian Muhammad Farrukh Raza
Download or read book Essays on International Trade and Policy written by Mian Muhammad Farrukh Raza and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leaders around the world have introduced various trade policies including subsidies, tariffs, anti-dumping duties or price undertakings throughout the trade history. These trade policies have benefitted states in different ways. For example, some countries achieved economic development by supporting their firms through various subsidies and helping them to enhance their product qualities and become competitive in the international market. Whereas, in other cases leaders engage in imposing tariffs - a policy helps leaders to protect their producers and generate revenue. Such trade policies are not only limited to the benefits; however, they may incur costs too. As such, the imposition of trade policies affects the social welfare of all parties engaged in trade. Recently, we have seen that US-China engaged in a trade war where the United States has imposed tariff duties against China, and China responded with its tariffs on US products. This trade war has affected the social welfare one way or another. Such trade practices in the past have led scholars to address questions related to trade policies. Despite the work on trade policies, there is still a wide variety of questions yet to be answered regarding trade policies. This dissertation address three important questions related to international trade policies and their impact on social welfare. The first chapter is motivated by the observation of the quality difference between imported and local products in Pakistan. This chapter addresses the question of whether import-competing markets where foreign products are of high quality, are domestic firms doomed to produce low-quality products? What are policy options available to an importing country government that has the multiple objectives of maximizing consumer surplus, domestic profit and welfare, besides generating product quality reversal? Using a duopoly framework of vertical product differentiation, we analyze and compare three policy options: an import tariff, free trade, and a quality-upgrading R&D subsidy. We identify the conditions under which the quality-based R&D subsidy policy is a win-win-win strategy in that consumer surplus, domestic profit, and social welfare are all at their maximum levels, in addition to product quality reversal. The second chapter is motivated by the contemporary US-China trade war and its welfare implications. This paper analyzes differences in welfare implications between import tariffs and antidumping (AD) duties within a unified model of trade in quality-differentiated products under international duopoly. Specifically, the model allows for product quality choices by two competing firms located separately in a developed country (DC) and a less-developed country (LDC), where there is a different degree of international market competition. We show that dumping arises as an LDC firm sells a low-quality product that is "dumped" into the DC market. Compared to import tariffs, imposing AD duties (based on the dumping margin) by the DC government makes its firm better off. Whether DC consumers are better off and whether there is welfare improvement for DC are shown to depend on the degree of market competition. We further identify conditions under which a tariff policy is preferred over an AD policy (or the other way around) from the world perspective of welfare. The third paper investigates which types of firms (DC or LDC) tend to practice dumping, using a two-market equilibrium model of trade in "like" products with quality differentiation. Specifically, within the framework of duopolistic competition between a DC firm and an LDC firm, we show that the DC firm sells a high-quality product without practicing dumping. In contrast, the LDC firm sells a low-quality product that is dumped into the DC market at a price less than the price of the product in its LDC market. The imposition of antidumping duties by the DC government increases domestic welfare. It is welfare increasing to LDC when its exporting firm accepts a price-undertaking, rather than practicing dumping. From the perspective of world welfare, defined by aggregating the welfare of DC and LDC as trading partners, the trade damage measure of an antidumping policy is Pareto superior to free trade (under which dumping takes place) and price-undertakings.
Book Synopsis Economic Theory and International Trade by : A. D. Woodland
Download or read book Economic Theory and International Trade written by A. D. Woodland and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Important issues in economic theory and international trade are addressed in this volume with contributions from internationally renowned researchers. The book begins with an examination of classical trade theory and welfare economics. It goes on to discuss international trade policy, includiong international trade agreements, taxation, tariffs and quotas. Attention then turmns to the role of market structure in joint ventures, innovation, tariff policy and political economy. The final section is devoted to economic dynamics and international economics, with an emphasis on learning mechanisms, sustainable growth and immigration.
Book Synopsis Essays on International Trade by : Kairong Chen
Download or read book Essays on International Trade written by Kairong Chen and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is comprised of three chapters focusing on international trade policy and trade finance. My first chapter studies the effects of trade policy uncertainty on US firms' global value chain relationships. Using earnings call transcripts, I apply a text-based method to measure the trade policy uncertainty perceived by firms. With the new measures, I then estimate the effects of trade policy uncertainty shocks on firms' investment, inventory, and global adjustment in the supply chain. I find that US firms' foreign customers are negatively associated with trade policy uncertainty. In contrast, their foreign suppliers are not significantly associated with trade policy uncertainty, implying that US firms have a strong reliance on foreign supply. In my second chapter, I study the interdependence between trade policy and capital control from a terms-of-trade manipulation perspective. I extend the dynamic two-country multi-good endowment economy in Costinot et al. (2014) with trade taxes. Home country chooses optimal taxes on all tradable goods and international capital flows to maximize domestic welfare, while the foreign country is passive. When only good-specific trade taxes/subsidies are available, Home has an incentive to manipulate tariffs to depreciate its real exchange rate, if it has faster-growing endowment than the Foreign. Moreover, I find that taxing capital inflow is equivalent to a uniform reduction in trade tariffs on all goods. My third chapter studies how firms determine payment methods and transportation modes jointly in international trade. This chapter incorporates choices of transportation mode into a model of trade finance, and exploits Chilean import data to examine the model's implications. In cash-in-advance or post-shipment payment cases, firms use fast transportation to reduce financial costs caused by delayed repayment for borrowers and mitigate non-payment risk of importers. Meanwhile, it creates a high freight cost. In contrast, a letter of credit separates the goods shipment and payment flow in practice and substitutes trading partners' default risk with banks' credit risk.vEmpirical analysis reveals that a transaction using airborne cargo is less likely to be on a letter of credit.
Book Synopsis International Trade Opening and the Formation of the Global Economy by : Peter John Lloyd
Download or read book International Trade Opening and the Formation of the Global Economy written by Peter John Lloyd and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 1999 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Largely reprinted from such journals as the European Economic Review, Journal of Asian Economics, and Oxford Economic Papers, 26 essays by Lloyd (economics, U. of Melbourne, Australia) explore issues of economic globalization and the liberalization of international trade. Combining empirical research and theoretical work, he discusses topics which include protectionism policy, price distortions in open economies, regional and unilateral trade policies, environmental choices, offshore production and taxation, and the measurement of intra-industry trade. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis International Trade and Global Development by : Ad Koekkoek
Download or read book International Trade and Global Development written by Ad Koekkoek and published by . This book was released on 2012-05-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluctuations in the level and pattern of international trade have a profound effect on the economies of less developed countries. This book explores the relationship between international trade and globl development through a series of essays which relate advances in trade theory to key issues in trade policy. The book, first published in 1991, is in honour of Jagdish Bhagwati and reflects the range and significance of his contributions to international economics.
Book Synopsis Three Essays in International Trade Policy by : Michael Allen Webb
Download or read book Three Essays in International Trade Policy written by Michael Allen Webb and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
