Author : Martin Maniera
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Book Synopsis Essays in Demographic and Macroeconomic Trends by : Martin Maniera
Download or read book Essays in Demographic and Macroeconomic Trends written by Martin Maniera and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This cumulative PhD thesis consists of three empirical essays about demographic and macroeconomic trends. They all investigate questions which are currently intensely debated in politics, economics and media. The first essay analyses how migration within the Euro area and across its borders affects the stability of the currency union. In line with the Optimal Currency Area theory I find that migration within the Euro area reduces macroeconomic imbalances between its member states, that is, differences in terms of GDP per capita growth, current account, unemployment rate and central government borrowing. Thus, internal migration increases the stability of the currency union. Yet, migration across its borders reduces stability as the imbalances in central government borrowing increase. The second essay focuses on the effect of the age distribution on inflation. In many industrial and developing countries the population share of the young cohort is declining while the share of elderly is increasing. Both cohorts increase inflation as they increase aggregate demand relative to aggregate supply. In contrast, a larger share of working age people increase aggregate supply relative to aggregate demand, thus exercising a downward pressure on price levels. Central banks have to take the powerful demographic trends into consideration as they will increase inflation in the long run in countries which find themselves in the late stage of the demographic transition. The third essay investigates the boundaries of inequality. With higher per capita GDP, income in the most equal countries tends to become less equally distributed. In contrast, income in the most unequal countries becomes more equally distributed. This narrowing corridor can be observed for income before and after redistribution via taxes and social transfers. Four factors are driving the corridor: real GDP per capita growth, schooling, economic complexity and the interaction betwee.