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Equating Using Unidimensional Dichotomous And Polytomous Irt Models For Testlet Based Tests Under Common Item Nonequivalent Groups Design
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Book Synopsis Equating Using Unidimensional Dichotomous and Polytomous IRT Models for Testlet-based Tests Under Common-item Nonequivalent Groups Design by : Lidong Zhang
Download or read book Equating Using Unidimensional Dichotomous and Polytomous IRT Models for Testlet-based Tests Under Common-item Nonequivalent Groups Design written by Lidong Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relative equating performance of the Graded Response Model (GRM) and the Generalized Partial Credit (GPC) model was compared with that of the two parameter logistic (2PL) model using simulated testlet data under a common-item nonequivalent groups design. Impacts of various levels of testlet effects, calibration procedures, group differences, number of common items, sample size were investigated. Three traditional linear equating methods were used as criteria for the IRT true score equating and IRT observed score equating results from the three item response theory models. In general, the equating performance based on the two polytomous models yielded results that were more compatible with the results of the traditional equating methods with the presence of testlet effects. Even in some conditions without testlet effects, the equating performance of the two polytomous models was more similar to that of the traditional methods than the dichotomous 2PL model, particularly when the number of common items was larger. Of the two polytomous models, the GRM was found to render results in more agreement with those of traditional linear methods in conditions of separate calibration with linking. The characteristic curve linking methods outperformed the moment methods in a majority of conditions. The separate calibration procedures were better than the concurrent calibration procedure in most of the conditions, especially when the number of common items was small.
Book Synopsis Model Selection for Equating Testlet-Based Tests in the NEAT Design by : Wei He
Download or read book Model Selection for Equating Testlet-Based Tests in the NEAT Design written by Wei He and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For those tests solely composed of testlets, local item independency assumption tends to be violated. This study, by using empirical data from a large-scale state assessment program, was interested in investigates the effects of using different models on equating results under the non-equivalent group anchor-test (NEAT) design. Specifically, the primary purpose of this study was to apply the IRT true-score equating method to equating testlet-based tests using both testlet theory (TRT) model and bi-factor model. In addition, the equating results from using the TRT and bi-factor models were compared with those from using conventional dichotomous item response theory (IRT) models. The candidate models considered in this study included a series of conventional dichotomous IRT models, Testlet model, and bi-factor model. The results echoed with those in Lee et al. (2001) in that equating using models that can account for item dependency in general tend to yield closer equating relationship to the traditional equating methods than the conventional IRT models. Limitations and further studies were also discussed. (Contains 4 figures and 8 tables.).
Book Synopsis Multidimensional Item Response Theory by : M.D. Reckase
Download or read book Multidimensional Item Response Theory written by M.D. Reckase and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-07 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First thorough treatment of multidimensional item response theory Description of methods is supported by numerous practical examples Describes procedures for multidimensional computerized adaptive testing
Book Synopsis Model Selection for IRT Equating of Testlet-based Tests in the Random Groups Design by : Juan Chen
Download or read book Model Selection for IRT Equating of Testlet-based Tests in the Random Groups Design written by Juan Chen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The traditional equipercentile equating method was used as the baseline for comparison in both real data and simulated data analyses. It was found in the study that both testlet length and the LID level affected the performance of the investigated models on IRT true and observed score equating of testlet-based tests. When the traditional 3PL IRT model was used for tests with long testlets, higher levels of local item dependence led to IRT equating results that deviated further away from those obtained from the baseline method. However, the effect of local item dependence on IRT equating results was not prominent for tests with short testlets. Moreover, for tests consisting of long testlets (e.g., a testlet length of 10 or more) and having a very low level of local item dependence (e.g., a LID level of 0.25 or lower), and for tests consisting of short testlets (e.g., a testlet length around 5), all four investigated IRT models worked well in IRT true and observed score equating. For tests with long testlets and a relatively high level of local item dependence (e.g., a LID level of 0.5625 or higher), the GRM, bifactor, and TRT models outperformed the traditional 3PL IRT model in IRT true and observed equating of testlet-based tests. The study suggested that the selection of models for IRT true and observed score equating of testlet-based tests should be considered with respect to the features of the testlet-based tests and the groups of examinees from which the data is collected. It is hoped that this study encourages researchers to identify differences among existing models for IRT true and observed score equating of testlet-based tests with various features, and to develop new models that are appropriate for modeling testlet-based tests to obtain accurate IRT number correct score equating results.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Polytomous Item Response Theory Models by : Michael Nering
Download or read book Handbook of Polytomous Item Response Theory Models written by Michael Nering and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive Handbook focuses on the most used polytomous item response theory (IRT) models. These models help us understand the interaction between examinees and test questions where the questions have various response categories. The book reviews all of the major models and includes discussions about how and where the models originated, conceptually and in practical terms. Diverse perspectives on how these models can best be evaluated are also provided. Practical applications provide a realistic account of the issues practitioners face using these models. Disparate elements of the book are linked through editorial sidebars that connect common ideas across chapters, compare and reconcile differences in terminology, and explain variations in mathematical notation. These sidebars help to demonstrate the commonalities that exist across the field. By assembling this critical information, the editors hope to inspire others to use polytomous IRT models in their own research so they too can achieve the type of improved measurement that such models can provide. Part 1 examines the most commonly used polytomous IRT models, major issues that cut across these models, and a common notation for calculating functions for each model. An introduction to IRT software is also provided. Part 2 features distinct approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of polytomous IRT models in various measurement contexts. These chapters appraise evaluation procedures and fit tests and demonstrate how to implement these procedures using IRT software. The final section features groundbreaking applications. Here the goal is to provide solutions to technical problems to allow for the most effective use of these models in measuring educational, psychological, and social science abilities and traits. This section also addresses the major issues encountered when using polytomous IRT models in computerized adaptive testing. Equating test scores across different testing contexts is the focus of the last chapter. The various contexts include personality research, motor performance, health and quality of life indicators, attitudes, and educational achievement. Featuring contributions from the leading authorities, this handbook will appeal to measurement researchers, practitioners, and students who want to apply polytomous IRT models to their own research. It will be of particular interest to education and psychology assessment specialists who develop and use tests and measures in their work, especially researchers in clinical, educational, personality, social, and health psychology. This book also serves as a supplementary text in graduate courses on educational measurement, psychometrics, or item response theory.
Book Synopsis Comparison of Parametric and Nonparametric IRT Equating Methods Under the Common-item Nonequivalent Groups Design by : Yuki Nozawa
Download or read book Comparison of Parametric and Nonparametric IRT Equating Methods Under the Common-item Nonequivalent Groups Design written by Yuki Nozawa and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dichotomous Or Polytomous Model? by : Jin Zhang
Download or read book Dichotomous Or Polytomous Model? written by Jin Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Comparison of IRT Linking Approaches Under the Nonequivalent Groups Anchor Test Design by : Jiajing Huang
Download or read book A Comparison of IRT Linking Approaches Under the Nonequivalent Groups Anchor Test Design written by Jiajing Huang and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The nonequivalent-groups anchor-test (NEAT) data-collection design is commonly used in large-scale assessments. Under this design, different test groups take different test forms. Each test form has its own unique items and all test forms share a set of common items. If item response theory (IRT) models are applied to analyze the test data, the estimates of item parameters in different test forms and ability scores of different test groups may not be on the same scale because of the IRT property of scale indeterminacy. To compare the items in different forms and examinees in different test groups, a statistical procedure, linking, is needed to convert the item parameters and ability scores to a common scale. There are several IRT linking approaches under the NEAT design. Some of the approaches make use of the common (anchor) items shared by test forms and are referred to as common-item linking approaches. The often used common-item linking approaches under the NEAT design include concurrent calibration, separate calibration with moments-linking approaches (e.g., mean/mean and mean/sigma), and characteristic-curve linking approaches (e.g., Haebara approach and Stocking-Lord approach). All common-item linking approaches hold the same key assumption - that common items perform in the same way across different test forms, which means the common-item parameters are assumed to be invariant. When the common-item parameters are non-invariant, the results of common-item linking might be affected. The other type of linking approach studied in this dissertation, common-population linking, does not assume the invariance of common items. This linking approach makes use of one group's ability distributions derived from different calibration runs to do linking, and assumes that the ability distributions of different test groups are the same in one of the steps involved. Under the NEAT design, the test groups possibly come from different populations, which means the equivalence assumption for group ability distributions might be violated. Violation of this assumption might threaten the accuracy of common-population linking results. Many studies have compared the performance of several popular common-item linking approaches under a variety of conditions. However, no study has compared the common-population linking approach with common-item linking approaches under the NEAT design. This study aimed to compare the performance of common-population linking and common-item linking approaches (specifically, concurrent calibration and separate calibration with Stocking-Lord linking approach) under some simulated conditions. The design factors included differences in ability distributions, parameter drift for some anchor (common) items, sample size, test length, and the numbers of anchor items. The simulated study findings showed that no one approach always outperformed the other two approaches across all conditions in the scenario that the scores of the focal group (taking the new form) were linked to the scale of the reference group (taking the old form). Generally, the type of parameter drift for anchor items impacted the performance of the Stocking-Lord and the concurrent calibration approaches, but even under conditions of drift, these two approaches still performed well. The concurrent calibration was more sensitive to sample size and the number of anchor items than the Stocking-Lord approach. For the common-population approach, when the ability distribution of the focal group had same mean and standard deviation as the reference group, this approach sometimes performed equally well or slightly better than the other two approaches. Once the two groups had different means and standard deviations, its performance was poor. In addition to a simulation study, empirical data from the Florida Standards Assessments (FSA) were used to demonstrate the applications of these approaches in a practical test setting. Florida Department of Education (FLDOE) applies separate calibrations with the Stocking-Lord linking approach. In this empirical study, concurrent calibration with nonequivalent groups and a common-population linking approach were applied and were compared with the original results generated from the FLDOE's separate calibration with Stocking-Lord linking. Results showed that the scale scores from the concurrent calibration and the common-population linking correlated strongly with the original FSA scale scores. The linked item parameters from the two linking approaches were also similar to the corresponding ones on the FSA scale. In conclusion, when some anchor items had parameter drift and the two test groups had different ability distributions, the Stocking-Lord approach generally performed the best; the common-population approach performed the worst in the majority of simulated conditions except when its underlying assumption of equal ability distributions across groups was not violated.
Book Synopsis Test Equating, Scaling, and Linking by : Michael J. Kolen
Download or read book Test Equating, Scaling, and Linking written by Michael J. Kolen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By providing an introduction to test equating which both discusses the most frequently used equating methodologies and covering many of the practical issues involved, this volume expands upon the coverage of the first edition by providing a new chapter on test scaling and a second on test linking.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Polytomous Item Response Theory Models by : Michael L. Nering
Download or read book Handbook of Polytomous Item Response Theory Models written by Michael L. Nering and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2011-01-19 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive Handbook focuses on the most used polytomous item response theory (IRT) models. These models help us understand the interaction between examinees and test questions where the questions have various response categories. The book reviews all of the major models and includes discussions about how and where the models originated, conceptually and in practical terms. Diverse perspectives on how these models can best be evaluated are also provided. Practical applications provide a realistic account of the issues practitioners face using these models. Disparate elements of the book are linked through editorial sidebars that connect common ideas across chapters, compare and reconcile differences in terminology, and explain variations in mathematical notation. These sidebars help to demonstrate the commonalities that exist across the field. By assembling this critical information, the editors hope to inspire others to use polytomous IRT models in their own research so they too can achieve the type of improved measurement that such models can provide. Part 1 examines the most commonly used polytomous IRT models, major issues that cut across these models, and a common notation for calculating functions for each model. An introduction to IRT software is also provided. Part 2 features distinct approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of polytomous IRT models in various measurement contexts. These chapters appraise evaluation procedures and fit tests and demonstrate how to implement these procedures using IRT software. The final section features groundbreaking applications. Here the goal is to provide solutions to technical problems to allow for the most effective use of these models in measuring educational, psychological, and social science abilities and traits. This section also addresses the major issues encountered when using polytomous IRT models in computerized adaptive testing. Equating test scores across different testing contexts is the focus of the last chapter. The various contexts include personality research, motor performance, health and quality of life indicators, attitudes, and educational achievement. Featuring contributions from the leading authorities, this handbook will appeal to measurement researchers, practitioners, and students who want to apply polytomous IRT models to their own research. It will be of particular interest to education and psychology assessment specialists who develop and use tests and measures in their work, especially researchers in clinical, educational, personality, social, and health psychology. This book also serves as a supplementary text in graduate courses on educational measurement, psychometrics, or item response theory.
Book Synopsis A Unified Approach to IRT Scale Linking and Scale Transformations. Research Report. RR-04-09 by : Matthias von Davier
Download or read book A Unified Approach to IRT Scale Linking and Scale Transformations. Research Report. RR-04-09 written by Matthias von Davier and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines item response theory (IRT) scale transformations and IRT scale linking methods used in the Non-Equivalent Groups with Anchor Test (NEAT) design to equate two tests, X and Y. It proposes a unifying approach to the commonly used IRT linking methods: mean-mean, mean-var linking, concurrent calibration, Stocking and Lord and Haebara characteristic curves approaches, and fixed-item parameters scale linkage. The main idea is to view any linking procedure as a restriction on the item parameter space. Then a rewriting of the log-likelihood function together with an appropriately implemented maximization procedure of the log-likelihood function under linear (or nonlinear restrictions) will accomplish the linking. The proposed method is general enough to cover both the dichotomous item response models (the one parameter logistic (1PL) model, 2PL, and 3PL) and the polytomous unidimensional IRT models like the generalized partial credit model. (Contains 1 note.).
Download or read book ACER ConQuest written by Margaret L. Wu and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Robust Scale Transformation Methods in IRT True Score Equating Under Common-item Nonequivalent Groups Design by : Yong He
Download or read book Robust Scale Transformation Methods in IRT True Score Equating Under Common-item Nonequivalent Groups Design written by Yong He and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Common test items play an important role in equating multiple test forms under the common-item nonequivalent groups design. Inconsistent item parameter estimates among common items can lead to large bias in equated scores for IRT true score equating. Current methods extensively focus on detection and elimination of outlying common items, which usually leads to enlarged random equating error and inadequate content representation of common items. New robust scale transformation methods based on robust regression, the robust Deming regression method, the robust Haebara method, and the least absolute values (LAV) method, were proposed. In simulation studies, performances of the proposed methods were compared to the Stocking-Lord method which yields the least equating errors among the traditional method and to outlier removal methods. The results indicate: 1) the robust Haebara method and the LAV method usually outperform the robust Deming regression method, 2) the robust Haebara method and the LAV method perform as well as the Stocking Lord method under the condition of No outlier, 3) the robust Haebara method and the LAV method perform better than the Stocking-Lord method when a single outlying common item is simulated, 4) the LAV method and the robust Haebara method are better than, or at least comparable to, the existing outlier removal methods in the presence of a single outlying common item, and 5) the LAV method and the robust Haebara method have smaller equated scores than the Stocking-Lord method using the CBASE data of English and Mathematics.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Item Response Theory Models and Applications by : James Carlson
Download or read book Introduction to Item Response Theory Models and Applications written by James Carlson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2020-10-12 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a highly accessible, comprehensive introduction to item response theory (IRT) models and their use in various aspects of assessment/testing. The book employs a mixture of graphics and simulated data sets to ease the reader into the material and covers the basics required to obtain a solid grounding in IRT. Written in an easily accessible way that assumes little mathematical knowledge, Carlson presents detailed descriptions of several commonly used IRT models, including those for items scored on a two-point (dichotomous) scale such as correct/incorrect, and those scored on multiple-point (polytomous) scales, such as degrees of correctness. One chapter describes a model in-depth and is followed by a chapter of instructions and illustrations showing how to apply the models to the reader’s own work. This book is an essential text for instructors and higher level undergraduate and postgraduate students of statistics, psychometrics, and measurement theory across the behavioral and social sciences, as well as testing professionals.
Book Synopsis Applying Test Equating Methods by : Jorge González
Download or read book Applying Test Equating Methods written by Jorge González and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-06 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes how to use test equating methods in practice. The non-commercial software R is used throughout the book to illustrate how to perform different equating methods when scores data are collected under different data collection designs, such as equivalent groups design, single group design, counterbalanced design and non equivalent groups with anchor test design. The R packages equate, kequate and SNSequate, among others, are used to practically illustrate the different methods, while simulated and real data sets illustrate how the methods are conducted with the program R. The book covers traditional equating methods including, mean and linear equating, frequency estimation equating and chain equating, as well as modern equating methods such as kernel equating, local equating and combinations of these. It also offers chapters on observed and true score item response theory equating and discusses recent developments within the equating field. More specifically it covers the issue of including covariates within the equating process, the use of different kernels and ways of selecting bandwidths in kernel equating, and the Bayesian nonparametric estimation of equating functions. It also illustrates how to evaluate equating in practice using simulation and different equating specific measures such as the standard error of equating, percent relative error, different that matters and others.
Book Synopsis Modern Psychometrics with R by : Patrick Mair
Download or read book Modern Psychometrics with R written by Patrick Mair and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook describes the broadening methodology spectrum of psychological measurement in order to meet the statistical needs of a modern psychologist. The way statistics is used, and maybe even perceived, in psychology has drastically changed over the last few years; computationally as well as methodologically. R has taken the field of psychology by storm, to the point that it can now safely be considered the lingua franca for statistical data analysis in psychology. The goal of this book is to give the reader a starting point when analyzing data using a particular method, including advanced versions, and to hopefully motivate him or her to delve deeper into additional literature on the method. Beginning with one of the oldest psychometric model formulations, the true score model, Mair devotes the early chapters to exploring confirmatory factor analysis, modern test theory, and a sequence of multivariate exploratory method. Subsequent chapters present special techniques useful for modern psychological applications including correlation networks, sophisticated parametric clustering techniques, longitudinal measurements on a single participant, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. In addition to using real-life data sets to demonstrate each method, the book also reports each method in three parts-- first describing when and why to apply it, then how to compute the method in R, and finally how to present, visualize, and interpret the results. Requiring a basic knowledge of statistical methods and R software, but written in a casual tone, this text is ideal for graduate students in psychology. Relevant courses include methods of scaling, latent variable modeling, psychometrics for graduate students in Psychology, and multivariate methods in the social sciences.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Educational Measurement and Psychometrics Using R by : Christopher D. Desjardins
Download or read book Handbook of Educational Measurement and Psychometrics Using R written by Christopher D. Desjardins and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Currently there are many introductory textbooks on educational measurement and psychometrics as well as R. However, there is no single book that covers important topics in measurement and psychometrics as well as their applications in R. The Handbook of Educational Measurement and Psychometrics Using R covers a variety of topics, including classical test theory; generalizability theory; the factor analytic approach in measurement; unidimensional, multidimensional, and explanatory item response modeling; test equating; visualizing measurement models; measurement invariance; and differential item functioning. This handbook is intended for undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and practitioners as a complementary book to a theory-based introductory or advanced textbook in measurement. Practitioners and researchers who are familiar with the measurement models but need to refresh their memory and learn how to apply the measurement models in R, would find this handbook quite fulfilling. Students taking a course on measurement and psychometrics will find this handbook helpful in applying the methods they are learning in class. In addition, instructors teaching educational measurement and psychometrics will find our handbook as a useful supplement for their course.
