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Equality And Inequality In Capitalist And Socialist Societies
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Book Synopsis Authority and Inequality Under Capitalism and Socialism by : Barrington Moore
Download or read book Authority and Inequality Under Capitalism and Socialism written by Barrington Moore and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1987 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adopts an historical approach to describe and explain the principal similarities and differences in the systems of authority and inequality in the USA, the USSR, and China.
Book Synopsis Equality and Inequality in Capitalist and Socialist Societies by : Margaret Ellen Leahy
Download or read book Equality and Inequality in Capitalist and Socialist Societies written by Margaret Ellen Leahy and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Class Inequality and Political Order by : Frank Parkin
Download or read book Class Inequality and Political Order written by Frank Parkin and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Breakdown of Capitalism & the Fight for Socialism in the United States by : Socialist Equality Party (U.S.)
Download or read book The Breakdown of Capitalism & the Fight for Socialism in the United States written by Socialist Equality Party (U.S.) and published by Mehring Books. This book was released on 2010 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inequality and Evolution by : Charles L Ladner
Download or read book Inequality and Evolution written by Charles L Ladner and published by Xlibris Us. This book was released on 2020-12 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1976, there were 38 countries, comprising nearly 50% of the world's population that self-identified as socialist states, yet by 1991, only one remained. In 1976, the annual GDP per capita of the 38 socialist countries (in inflation adjusted dollars) averaged approximately $5 thousand. By 1990 it had grown to about $8 thousand. During that same period, the GDP per capita, in comparable numbers, for the United States grew from $24 thousand to $36 thousand. The socialist countries never grew their per capita income to more than 22% of the United States. Even China, which today has an economy almost as large as the United States, never saw its per capita GDP grow beyond $2 thousand per year during the twenty-eight year period as a socialist state under Mao Zedong. But, after the death of Mao, China converted its economy to the capitalist model with spectacular success, lifting a billion people out of poverty and challenging the United States for worldwide economic supremacy-an outcome that would have been unthinkable under socialism. Why has capitalism proven to be such an extraordinary success and socialism such a miserable failure? Charles Ladner argues that the success or failure of economic systems can be traced to the degree to which such systems are congruent with the primal force of evolutionary natural selection. This is the most fundamental need of every living thing to survive and reproduce. He encapsulate these forces into the term: selfishness. Capitalism, he finds, is grounded in such selfishness or self-interest, and therefore is fully congruent with the biological needs which provide the aspirational motivation that cause capitalism at all times and in every place, to be successful. Socialism, on other hand, requires and cannot function without, authoritarian rule to suppress expressions of self-interest. Its operation at the level of the state, serves to frustrate the biological needs and thereby will always produce poverty and failure. The historical record, he says, categorically demonstrates this. Capitalism, however, has a fatal flaw, and that is its inability to restrain the expression of selfishness, which ultimately leads to such extremes of wealth and income inequality that the system can self-destruct. In the final chapters, Ladner offers possible remedies for the United States, which he believes is already in the very early stages of such self-destruction.
Book Synopsis Inequality in Capitalist Societies by : Surinder S. Jodhka
Download or read book Inequality in Capitalist Societies written by Surinder S. Jodhka and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-07-14 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inequality is one of the most discussed topics of our times. Yet, we still do not know how to tackle the issue effectively. The book argues that this is due to the lack of understanding the structures responsible for the persistence of social inequality. It enquires into the mechanisms that produce and reproduce invisible dividing lines in society. Based on original case studies of Brazil, Germany, India and Laos comprising thousands of interviews, the authors argue that invisible classes emerge in capitalist societies, both reproducing and transforming precapitalist hierarchies. At the same time, locally particular forms of inequality persist. Social inequality in the contemporary world has to be understood as a specific combination of precapitalist inequalities, capitalist transformation and a particular class structure, which seems to emerge in all capitalist societies. The book links the configurations to an interpretation of global domination as well as to symbolic classification.
Author :Georgiĭ Khosroevich Shakhnazarov Publisher :Moscow : Foreign Languages Publishing House ISBN 13 : Total Pages :102 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (91 download)
Book Synopsis Socialism and Equality by : Georgiĭ Khosroevich Shakhnazarov
Download or read book Socialism and Equality written by Georgiĭ Khosroevich Shakhnazarov and published by Moscow : Foreign Languages Publishing House. This book was released on 1961 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Society of Equals by : Pierre Rosanvallon
Download or read book The Society of Equals written by Pierre Rosanvallon and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-04 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1980s, society’s wealthiest members have claimed an ever-expanding share of income and property. It has been a true counterrevolution, says Pierre Rosanvallon—the end of the age of growing equality launched by the American and French revolutions. And just as significant as the social and economic factors driving this contemporary inequality has been a loss of faith in the ideal of equality itself. An ambitious transatlantic history of the struggles that, for two centuries, put political and economic equality at their heart, The Society of Equals calls for a new philosophy of social relations to reenergize egalitarian politics. For eighteenth-century revolutionaries, equality meant understanding human beings as fundamentally alike and then creating universal political and economic rights. Rosanvallon sees the roots of today’s crisis in the period 1830–1900, when industrialized capitalism threatened to quash these aspirations. By the early twentieth century, progressive forces had begun to rectify some imbalances of the Gilded Age, and the modern welfare state gradually emerged from Depression-era reforms. But new economic shocks in the 1970s began a slide toward inequality that has only gained momentum in the decades since. There is no returning to the days of the redistributive welfare state, Rosanvallon says. Rather than resort to outdated notions of social solidarity, we must instead revitalize the idea of equality according to principles of singularity, reciprocity, and communality that more accurately reflect today’s realities.
Book Synopsis The End of Inequality? by : David Lane
Download or read book The End of Inequality? written by David Lane and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Self-Ownership, Freedom, and Equality by : G. A. Cohen
Download or read book Self-Ownership, Freedom, and Equality written by G. A. Cohen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1995-10-26 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book G. A. Cohen examines the libertarian principle of self-ownership, which says that each person belongs to himself and therefore owes no service or product to anyone else. This principle is used to defend capitalist inequality, which is said to reflect each person's freedom to do as he wishes with himself. The author argues that self-ownership cannot deliver the freedom it promises to secure, thereby undermining the idea that lovers of freedom should embrace capitalism and the inequality that comes with it. He goes on to show that the standard Marxist condemnation of exploitation implies an endorsement of self-ownership, since, in the Marxist conception, the employer steals from the worker what should belong to her, because she produced it. Thereby a deeply inegalitarian notion has penetrated what is in aspiration an egalitarian theory. Purging that notion from socialist thought, he argues, enables construction of a more consistent egalitarianism.
Book Synopsis Women and State Socialism by : Alena Heitlinger
Download or read book Women and State Socialism written by Alena Heitlinger and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Attitudes to Equality: The "Socialist Legacy" Revisited by : Mamta Murthi
Download or read book Attitudes to Equality: The "Socialist Legacy" Revisited written by Mamta Murthi and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: It is routinely assumed that residents of post-socialist countries have a preference for greater income equality, other things being equal, owing to the legacy of socialism. This proposition is examined in the context of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union using data from three waves of the World Values Survey. Contrary to expectations, the authors find little evidence of a 'socialist legacy' en bloc. Considering the former Soviet Union separately from other post-socialist countries, the analysis finds that as a group these countries display significantly lower preference for moving toward greater income equality than both Eastern Europe and other comparator groups (developed and developing countries). These findings hold up even when controlling for the conventional determinants of attitudes such as income level and employment status of the individual respondent, as well as national factors such as per-capita income and its distribution. Moreover, the preference for greater income inequality appears to have persisted at least since the mid-1990s and possibly since the early 1990s (data difficulties preclude a robust examination of this latter question). The results are consistent with the fairly low levels of public spending on redistribution commonly found in the former Soviet Union.
Book Synopsis An Illusion of Equal Rights by : Gennadiĭ Vasilʹevich Malʹt︠s︡ev
Download or read book An Illusion of Equal Rights written by Gennadiĭ Vasilʹevich Malʹt︠s︡ev and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Would Democratic Socialism be Better? by : Lane Kenworthy
Download or read book Would Democratic Socialism be Better? written by Lane Kenworthy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interest in democratic socialism is on the rise, but this wide-ranging comparison of two systems shows that the Nordic model of capitalism achieves virtually everything that contemporary democratic socialists say we should want. Socialism is back in the conversation, and recent polls suggest the share of young Americans who have a favorable impression of socialism is about the same as the share that have a favorable view of capitalism. The case for a modern democratic socialism is that capitalism is bad, or at least not very good, and that socialism would be an improvement. To fully and fairly assess democratic socialism's desirability, Lane Kenworthy argues in Would Democratic Socialism Be Better?, we need to compare it to the best version of capitalism that humans have devised: social democratic capitalism. Kenworthy offers a close look at the evidence about how capitalist economies have performed on an array of outcomes. He finds that social democratic capitalism achieves virtually everything that contemporary democratic socialists say we should want.
Book Synopsis Socialism in the New Society by : Douglas Jay
Download or read book Socialism in the New Society written by Douglas Jay and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Equality and Efficiency by : Arthur M. Okun
Download or read book Equality and Efficiency written by Arthur M. Okun and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 2010-12-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contemporary American society has the look of a split-level structure. Its political and social institutions distribute rights and privileges universally and proclaim the equality of all citizens. Yet economic institutions, with efficiency as their guiding principle, create disparities among citizens in living standards and material welfare. This mixture of equal rights and unequal economic status breeds tensions between the political principles of democracy and the economic principles of capitalism. Whenever the wealthy try for extra helpings of supposedly equal rights, and whenever the workings of the market deny anyone a minimum standard of living, "dollars transgress on rights"—in the author's phrase. In this revised and expanded version of the Godkin Lectures presented at the John F. Kennedy School at Harvard University in April 1974, Arthur M. Okun explores the conflicts that arise when society's desire to reduce inequality would impair economic efficiency, confronting policymakers with "the big tradeoff." Other economic systems have attempted to solve this problem; but the best of socialist experiments have achieved a greater degree of equality than our mixed capitalist democracy only at heavy costs in efficiency, and dictatorial governments have reached heights of efficiency only by rigidly repressing their citizenry. In contrast, our basic system emerges as a viable, if uneasy, compromise in which the market has its place and democratic institutions keep it in check. But within the existing system there are ways to gain more of one good thing at a lower cost in terms of the other. In Okun's view, society's concern for human dignity can be directed at reducing the economic deprivation that stains the record of American democracy—through progressive taxation, transfer payments, job programs, broadening equality of opportunity, eliminating racial and sexual discrimination, and lowering barriers to access to capital.
Book Synopsis Freedom, Equality and the Market by : Barry Hindess
Download or read book Freedom, Equality and the Market written by Barry Hindess and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new textbook for students of social theory considers the role of public intervention in social and economic processes. It is a clear, critical discussion of different theoretical and political perspectives on social policy. Barry Hindess begins with the ‘consensus’ view, shared by senior politicians, civil servants, and academics throughout much of the postwar period. This view depends on two beliefs: in the capacity of government to manage the economy; and in the development of a qualitatively new relationship between the state and the population. The first is discussed in relation to Crosland’s The Future of Socialism, and the second in relation to Marshall’s conception of citizenship and Titmuss’s account of social policy. The consensus view generated serious objections, and Hindess examines two in particular. One is the argument that the view itself causes a destructive, competitive struggle between sectional interests for state intervention in their favour. The other, from the left, is that what Tawney called ‘the strategy of equality’ has failed, and that a more radical attack on inequality is required. The remaining section looks at the Marxist and liberal alternatives to the consensus view. In conclusion, the author discusses firstly the essentialism of the market both in consensus and (in very different ways) in liberal and Marxist thought; and secondly the place of principles such as freedom and equality in political discussion and the analysis of social conditions. He shows that market and plan are not necessarily incompatible. Freedom, Equality, and the Market, with its careful assessment of the key texts, will be important reading for undergraduate students of sociology and social policy.
