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Environmental Hazards And Neurodevelopment
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Book Synopsis Environmental Hazards and Neurodevelopment by : Cindy Croft
Download or read book Environmental Hazards and Neurodevelopment written by Cindy Croft and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-01-28 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.The rate of identification of children with neurobiological disabilities has been on the increase in recent years. Millions of dollars in research are being spent to understand the factors influencing these increases. The articles within this compendium shed vital light on this issue, confirming
Book Synopsis Only One Chance by : Philippe Grandjean
Download or read book Only One Chance written by Philippe Grandjean and published by Environmental Ethics and Scien. This book was released on 2015-07-30 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of every six children suffers from a neurodevelopmental abnormality of unknown cause. Environmental pollutants such as lead, mercury, and pesticides interfere with brain development, yet we do not test industrial chemicals for brain toxicity.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309683092 Total Pages :87 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Environmental Neuroscience by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Environmental Neuroscience written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-22 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans are potentially exposed to more than 80,000 toxic chemicals in the environment, yet their impacts on brain health and disease are not well understood. The sheer number of these chemicals has overwhelmed the ability to determine their individual toxicity, much less potential interactive effects. Early life exposures to chemicals can have permanent consequences for neurodevelopment and for neurodegeneration in later life. Toxic effects resulting from chemical exposure can interact with other risk factors such as prenatal stress, and persistence of some chemicals in the brain over time may result in cumulative toxicity. Because neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders - such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and Parkinson's disease - cannot be fully explained by genetic risk factors alone, understanding the role of individual environmental chemical exposures is critical. On June 25, 2020, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders hosted a workshop to lay the foundation for future advances in environmental neuroscience. The workshop was designed to explore new opportunities to bridge the gap between what is known about the genetic contribution to brain disorders and what is known, and not known, about the contribution of environmental influences, as well as to discuss what is known about how genetic and environmental factors interact. This publication summarizes the presentation and discussion of the workshop.
Book Synopsis America's Children and the Environment by : U.s. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book America's Children and the Environment written by U.s. Environmental Protection Agency and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-05-31 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "America's Children and the Environment (ACE)" is EPA's report presenting data on children's environmental health. ACE brings together information from a variety of sources to provide national indicators in the following areas: Environments and Contaminants, Biomonitoring, and Health. Environments and Contaminants indicators describe conditions in the environment, such as levels of air pollution. Biomonitoring indicators include contaminants measured in the bodies of children and women of child-bearing age, such as children's blood lead levels. Health indicators report the rates at which selected health outcomes occur among U.S. children, such as the annual percentage of children who currently have asthma. Accompanying each indicator is text discussing the relevance of the issue to children's environmental health and describing the data used in preparing the indicator. Wherever possible, the indicators are based on data sources that are updated in a consistent manner, so that indicator values may be compared over time.
Book Synopsis Chemicals in the Environment and Brain Development: Importance of Neuroendocrinological Approaches by : Fumihiko Maekawa
Download or read book Chemicals in the Environment and Brain Development: Importance of Neuroendocrinological Approaches written by Fumihiko Maekawa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mounting evidence shows that increasing numbers of children are being diagnosed with neurodevelopmental disorders, and it is clear that this increase cannot be explained by genetic background alone. A number of studies, including epidemiological studies, have found an association between in-utero and childhood exposure to certain chemicals, such as endocrine disruptors, psychoactive pharmaceuticals, volatile organic chemicals, persistent organic compounds and heavy metals, and children’s brain development. Yet, the mechanisms by which these chemicals impair brain development and function are not fully understood. In addition, little is known about how these chemicals enter and accumulate in the brain. Experimental approaches are essential to understand how those harmful chemicals enter children’s brain and pose discrete effects on specific brain sites. These approaches include the following: improvement of technologies for the detection and measurement of neuroendocrinological and behavioral changes in animal models: development of analytical methods for the identification and quantification of chemicals and their metabolites in the brain; development of in vitro cell line assays; and imaging technologies to illustrate cellular functions. In this research topic, we collected articles that provide state-of-the-art science and technologies that can help us identify environmental chemicals that influence brain development. We also included articles that lead to a better understanding of the actions and dynamics of these chemicals. The articles in this research topics supplied novel information about harmful endpoints of environmental chemicals. The reviews demonstrated the typical and novel interactions between environmental chemicals and the developing brain. We believe that these studies would lead to further understanding of neurodevelopmental disorders caused by environmental factors.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309673135 Total Pages :61 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (96 download)
Book Synopsis Review of the Draft NTP Monograph by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Review of the Draft NTP Monograph written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-03-18 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Toxicology Program (NTP) conducted a systematic review of the evidence of adverse neurodevelopmental and cognitive effects of fluoride exposure. NTP's conclusions are summarized in the monograph Systematic Review of Fluoride Exposure and Neurodevelopmental and Cognitive Health Effects. At the request of NTP, a committee convened by the National Academies reviewed their monograph to ensure the integrity of that report. It is important to note that the committee was tasked with reviewing the monograph and focused its efforts on evaluating whether evidence as presented in the monograph supported NTP's conclusions. Thus, it did not conduct its own independent evaluation of the evidence, and it did not conduct a data audit. However, it did review some key literature to enable its review of the monograph. Review of the Draft NTP Monograph contains findings and suggestions for improvements and some overarching findings concerning methods, assessment of animal and human evidence, and NTP's hazard conclusion.
Book Synopsis Environmental Factors in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders by : Michael Aschner
Download or read book Environmental Factors in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders written by Michael Aschner and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-18 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Factors in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders presents a state-of-the-art review of the effects of environmental contaminants on the development and degeneration of the human nervous system, brought together by world-leading experts in the field. Part One describes the adverse effects that the environment can have on neurological development, and how these effects may exhibit. Specific contaminants and their possible consequences of exposure are addressed (lead, methylmercury, alcohol), as well as specific disorders and the environmental factors associated with them, such as the effect of diet on attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders. Part Two tackles neurodegenerative disorders, specifically addressing their potential neurotoxic origins, and discussing the increasing interest in the effects that early exposure may have in later life. Environmental Factors in Neurodevelopmental and Neurodegenerative Disorders is an invaluable reference for those professionals working in the fields of toxicology, environmental health and neuroscience. - Provides, for the first time, the cutting-edge theory of environmental impacts on both neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders - Written by an international selection of the world's foremost experts in the field of neurotoxicology - Full-colour throughout, providing accurate and illustrative examples of neurotoxic effects in action - An invaluable reference for those professionals working in the fields of toxicology, environmental health, and neuroscience
Book Synopsis The Environment for Children by : David Satterthwaite
Download or read book The Environment for Children written by David Satterthwaite and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-04-23 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year, millions of children die of environmental causes and many more suffer serious illness or injury. Children are often the most vulnerable to the condition of their environment -and their health is an index of its quality - but their wellbeing is rarely given priority by governments or aid agencies. Ironically, the problems can be traced back to matters which can be treated straightforwardly and at relatively low cost - poor drinking water or food, or infectious diseases which can be controlled. This book gives a multidisciplinary account of the environmental health hazards threatening children and the range of impacts they can have. It also explains what can be done, by communities as well as governments and aid workers, to provide safe and healthy environments for children. The book looks at conditions in a range of cities in the developing world, as well as pollutants and other health problems affecting children in the North. Published in association with UNICEF, and written by some of the same authors as Environmental Problems in Third World Cities (Earthscan, 1993), this provides excellent course material, and will be useful for practitioners working on child development, infant and maternal health, environmental health and community development. David Satterthwaite is Director of the Human Settlements Programme at the International Institute for Environment and Development, and principal author of Environmental Problems in Third World Cities (1993) and Squatter Citizen(1989).
Book Synopsis Neurodevelopment and Intelligence: Impacts of Nutrition, Environmental Toxins, and Stress (Volumes 1 and 2) by : Charles A. Lewis, MD MPH
Download or read book Neurodevelopment and Intelligence: Impacts of Nutrition, Environmental Toxins, and Stress (Volumes 1 and 2) written by Charles A. Lewis, MD MPH and published by Psy Press. This book was released on 2022-03-01 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special edition of Neurodevelopment and Intelligence contains both Volumes One and Two. The set provides an understanding neurodevelopmental risks during fetal and early life, and of the things that can go awry that limit or hinder healthy brain development, leading to a loss of intellectual abilities or causing disabilities such as autism spectrum disorder. It should be of interest to anyone interested in brain health, preventive medicine, pediatrics, public health policy, present and prospective parents, and those planning on pregnancy and parturition. Herein, Dr. Lewis explains: How people got smarter for more than a century and and why the alternative title of the book is Swimming in a Poisoned Pond —The Looming Demise of Cognitive and Mental Health in America How any healthy child can be a genius with advanced planning All the nasty things in your home that cause brain damage The disgusting things in your water that harm the brain The prenatal vitamins that prevent autism How ADHD is a lifestyle disease The eight pillars of health and their effects on the brain What men can do to sire smarter children The environmental toxins that cause violent crime and suicide How to make your home safe for your child’s brain The role of gut bacteria on the brain How to make pregnancy safer for the fetal brain Foods that improve brain function Maternal life style factors that affect IQ The seven pillars of health and their effects on the brain What men can do to sire smarter children How to make your home safe for your child’s brain The role of gut bacteria on the brain The disruptive effects of sleep deprivation and sleep disordered breathing on brain development, and sleep hygiene for children The effects of stress on the brain and its functioning The harmful effects of poverty on the brain How noise and noise pollution harm brain development. How good public policy can give us a brighter future Foods that improve brain function and make us happy and engaged The effects of Exercise and Environmental Enrichment Kiss your genetic legacy goodbye! Why you will likely never be a grandparent if you don’t already have children How stress makes us stupid Why people are getting dumber even though we have better medical care and more access to education. Are we already too dumb to save ourselves from our mistakes? How psychopathic corporations, stupidity, and structural racism raid America’s wealth The book is a serious scientific exploration of neurodevelopment on which policy and personal behavior changes can be based to improve health, happiness, and intellectual curiosity. Section I section lays out an description of the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) and why it can used as a proxy for neurodevelopment. It explains IQ tests and other developmental scales scoring, and some of their limitations. The high metabolic cost of a large brain and the survival advantage provided by epigenetic adaptation to downsize the brain to the current environmental conditions is described, explaining why a less costly and less intelligent brain are adaptive to leaner times. An estimate is made for the average human IQ in full health and nutrition, (about two standard deviations above the current average, or an IQ of 130). A primer on inflammation is given. Section 2: discusses the impact of anemia and iron on brain development. Topics include: Hookworm, malaria, and infections. Most of this section discusses iron deficiency, iron supplementation in pregnancy and infancy, and the role other minerals and vitamins required for blood formation Section 3: Covers the role of iodine and thyroid hormone on neurodevelopment. The following chapters discuss thyroid hormone disruptors including fluoride and bromide, organohalogens, thyroid disrupting organic pollutants, organophosphates and other biocides, and foods and food additives that impact thyroid function Section 4 covers neurotoxic metals in the environment. The neurotoxic metals that most commonly impact brain health are discussed, including arsenic, lead, mercury, manganese. The impacts of cadmium and aluminum on fetal and infant health are reviewed. Toxic metal exposure during development most commonly occurs from water contamination, and Chapter 18 covers water filtration for removal of these toxins. Section 5 discusses the role of toxic metals, dietary factors, and the role of the intestinal microbiome on the causation and exacerbation of autism spectrum disorder. Evidence on the role of special diets for ASD is reviewed.The timing of the development of ASD is discussed; as it is essential to understanding which exposures are relevant and amenable to treatment. Section 6 discussed the generation of air pollution from combustion of fuels and the adverse impacts of it on brain health. Effects of Particulate matter (PM) on health, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease are reviewed, along with its effects on the premature birth of infants, neurodevelopment, IQ, and autism. Mitigation of risk is discussed. Section 7 outlines maternal factors that impact neurodevelopment and intelligence. The causes and effects of preterm birth and small for gestational age are explored, with a particular focus on environmental influences. Section 8 covers the effect of general health on neurodevelopment, including the impact of diet on the intestinal microbiome, exercise, sleep deprivation, sleep-disordered breathing, and explains the roll of lifestyle in ADHD. Section 9 discusses the effects of psychosocial stress on neurodevelopment and intellectual performance, and discusses the epigenetic effects of stress on brain development and behavior. The role of having a supportive social environment, a stimulating environment, and education on brain development, IQ an health are discussed. The effects of prenatal stress on the brain are reviewed. Other topics include the effect of stress and telomere length, the effects of poverty or domestic violence on IQ score, and the effects of stress on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and on the gut. The effects of noise on hearing, academic performance, and sleep are reviewed. The need to confront endemic stress as a societal norm is discussed.
Book Synopsis Obesogenic Environmental Conditions Affect Neurodevelopment and Neurodegeneration by : Gustavo Pacheco-Lopez
Download or read book Obesogenic Environmental Conditions Affect Neurodevelopment and Neurodegeneration written by Gustavo Pacheco-Lopez and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-09-23 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Household Environmental Toxins and Neurodevelopment in Children by : Brittany Lee Brandt
Download or read book Household Environmental Toxins and Neurodevelopment in Children written by Brittany Lee Brandt and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurodevelopmental disorders diagnosed in children, such as ADHD, autism, Tourette's syndrome, learning disabilities, dyslexia, mental retardation, and cerebral palsy, are thought to arise from complex interactions between genetic, social and environmental factors. The increasing prevalence of some of these disorders in children over the past thirty years has precipitated more research into preventable environmental causes. Environmental toxins, such as heavy metals and synthetic chemicals, are among the targets of investigation by researchers. This literature review examines what is known from current research about neurodevelopment and exposure to the following household environmental toxins: PBDEs, pesticides, mercury, lead, and bisphenol A. Variables reviewed include source, neurological effects, and ways to reduce exposure to each toxin. Relevant articles were retrieved through keyword search of Medline database. Online government databases were also utilized. Results of the literature review indicate adverse neurological effects of developmental exposure to PBDEs, pesticides, mercury, lead and bisphenol A are similar to diagnostic features of some neurodevelopmental disorders. Adverse effects associated with exposures include: hyperactivity, aggression, decreased IQ, and impairments in attention, memory, fine and gross motor skills, social behavior, and communication. Nurses are often the first and sometimes the only health care provider working with children and families. As such, they are in an ideal position to address possibly harmful environmental exposures. Including screening for toxic exposures and addressing prevention is recommended during all primary care visits with children and is increasingly considered an expected practice by leading health care institutions.
Book Synopsis Health Impacts of Developmental Exposure to Environmental Chemicals by : Reiko Kishi
Download or read book Health Impacts of Developmental Exposure to Environmental Chemicals written by Reiko Kishi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-13 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides concise and cutting-edge studies on threats resulting from exposure to environmental chemicals that can affect human health and development, with a particular emphasis on the DOHaD concept. The book is divided into five main parts, the first of which includes an introduction to the impacts of developmental exposure to environmental chemicals and historical perspectives, while the second focuses on how environmental chemicals can affect human organs, including neurodevelopment, immune functions, etc. In turn, the third part addresses the characteristics of specific chemicals and their effects on human health and development, while the fourth part provides a basis for future studies by highlighting the latest innovations in toxicology, remaining challenges, and promising strategies in children’s environmental health research, as well as ideas on how to bridge the gap between research evidence and practical policymaking. The fifth and last part outlines further research directions and related policymaking aspects. Health Impacts of Developmental Exposure to Environmental Chemicals will appeal to young and veteran researchers, students, and physicians (especially gynecologists and pediatricians) who are seeking comprehensive information on how children’s health can be affected by harmful chemicals and other environmental toxicants.
Book Synopsis The Vulnerable Brain and Environmental Risks by : R.L. Isaacson
Download or read book The Vulnerable Brain and Environmental Risks written by R.L. Isaacson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contributors to this second volume discuss metal and toxicant toxicity, their environmental sources and methods of action, and their regulation by courts and agencies.
Book Synopsis America's Youngest Outcasts by : Ellen L. Bassuk
Download or read book America's Youngest Outcasts written by Ellen L. Bassuk and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Textbook of Children's Environmental Health by : Philip J. Landrigan
Download or read book Textbook of Children's Environmental Health written by Philip J. Landrigan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-15 with total page 609 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past four decades, the prevalence of autism, asthma, ADHD, obesity, diabetes, and birth defects have grown substantially among children around the world. Not coincidentally, more than 80,000 new chemicals have been developed and released into the global environment during this same period. Today the World Health Organization attributes 36% of all childhood deaths to environmental causes. Children's environmental health is a new and expanding discipline that studies the profound impact of chemical and environmental hazards on child health. Amid mounting evidence that children are exquisitely sensitive to their environment-and that exposure during their developmental "windows of susceptibility" can trigger cellular changes that lead to disease and disability in infancy, childhood, and across the life span-there is a compelling need for continued scientific study of the relationship between children's health and environment. The Textbook of Children's Environmental Health codifies the knowledge base and offers an authoritative and comprehensive guide to this important new field. Edited by two internationally recognized pioneers in the area, this volume presents up-to-date information on the chemical, biological, physical, and societal hazards that confront children in today's world: pesticides, indoor and outdoor air pollution, lead, arsenic, phthalates, bisphenol A, brominated flame retardants, ionizing radiation, electromagnetic fields, and the built environment. It presents carefully documented data on rising rates of disease in children, offers a critical summary of new research linking pediatric disease with environmental exposures, and explores the cellular, molecular, and epigenetic mechanisms underlying diseases of environmental origin. With this volume's emphasis upon integrating theory and practice, readers will find practical approaches to channeling scientific findings into evidence-based strategies for preventing and identifying the environmental hazards that cause disease in children. It is a landmark work that will serve as the field's benchmark for years to come.
Book Synopsis Linking Environmental Exposure to Neurodevelopmental Disorders by :
Download or read book Linking Environmental Exposure to Neurodevelopmental Disorders written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-05-24 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Neurotoxicology, Volume Two, addresses contemporary advances in neurotoxicology, with thematic volumes providing authoritative review articles on key issues in the field. Updates in this new volume include chapters on Air pollution and neurodegenerative diseases, Mercury and Parkinson’s disease, Pesticides and PD: current evidence, Aluminum and neurodegeneration, Microglia and neurodegeneration, Dietary factors, Mitochondria in neurodegeneration, and Manganese and neurodegeneration. Edited by leading experts, volumes are designed as in-depth overviews of the latest topic developments that analyze the effect of varied chemical agents on the nervous system. It is an essential resource for researchers and graduate students alike. Includes, in one single publication, a selection of comprehensive reviews devoted to neurotoxicology Edited by high-profile, leading academics in the field, ensuring a quality publication for subscribers Aims to widen the scope for participation by international contributors, researchers and editorial board members outside North America Serves a broad audience of university faculty, researchers and students, as well as the industry, drug development companies and the government
Book Synopsis At Highest Risk by : Christopher Norwood
Download or read book At Highest Risk written by Christopher Norwood and published by McGraw-Hill Companies. This book was released on 1980 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
