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Download or read book Envelope-tracking Common-drain CMOS Power Amplifier with a Switching-only Supply Modulator for LTE Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Young Suh Song
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9819966493
Total Pages : 930 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (199 download)
Download or read book Handbook of Emerging Materials for Semiconductor Industry written by Young Suh Song and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 930 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Dimitri Tintikakis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (864 download)
Download or read book System Modeling of CMOS Power Amplifier Employing Envelope and Average Power Tracking for Efficiency Enhancement written by Dimitri Tintikakis and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past decade, there has been great motivation to improve the efficiency of power amplifiers (PAs) in handset transmitter systems in order to address critical issues such as poor battery life and excessive heat. Currently, the focus lies on high data rate applications such as wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) and long term evolution (LTE) standards due to the stringent efficiency and linearity requirements on the PA. This thesis describes a simulation-based study of techniques for enhancing the efficiency of a CMOS power amplifier for WCDMA and LTE applications. The primary goal is to study the concepts of envelope and average power tracking in simulation and to demonstrate the effectiveness of these supply modulation techniques on a CMOS PA design. The P1dB and IMD performance of a Class A/AB CMOS PA has been optimized to operate with high peak-to-average modulation with WCDMA and LTE signals. Behavioral models of envelope and average power tracking are implemented using proposed algorithms, and a system-level analysis is performed. Envelope tracking is seen to offer a peak PAE improvement of 15% for WCDMA, versus a fixed voltage supply, while average power tracking renders a maximum efficiency gain of 9.8%. Better than -33dBc adjacent channel leakage-power ratio (ACLR) at 5MHz offset and EVM below 4% are observed for both supply tracking techniques. For LTE, envelope and average power tracking contribute to a peak PAE enhancement of 15.3% and 7%, respectively. LTE ACLR begins failing the -30dBc specification above 22.5dBm output power during envelope tracking operation in the PA implementation described here.
Author : Muhammad Hassan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267434951
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (349 download)
Download or read book Wideband High Efficiency CMOS Envelope Amplifiers for 4G LTE Handset Envelope Tracking RF Power Amplifiers written by Muhammad Hassan and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fourth generation cellular networks offer performance similar to cable modems while allowing wide mobility. Although the use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing in fourth generation increases its spectral efficiency but it also increases the peak-to-average power ratio of the transmitted signal. If a conventional power amplifier is used to transmit a high peak-to-average power ratio signal, then to meet the stringent linearity requirements, it will be operating 6 to 10 dB back-off from the maximum output power. This is the region where power amplifier has lower efficiency. To overcome the low efficiency problem, the envelope tracking power amplifier architecture has been proposed in the literature due to its feature of high efficiency over a wide power range. The overall efficiency of the envelope tracking system is the product of the power amplifier efficiency and the envelope amplifier efficiency, which provides the dynamically varying power supply voltage. This dissertation focuses on developing high efficiency envelope amplifiers for wideband applications. First, a CMOS envelope amplifier is developed which cuts the quiescent power dissipation by half over the conventional designs and also employs more accurate current sensing. In order to further improve its efficiency, a dynamic supply is provided on the linear amplifier, which improves the overall efficiency by 6% in measurements. Secondly, modeling of power amplifier operating under envelope shaping is described, in order to accurately predict the efficiency of the envelope amplifier. Also, the stability of the envelope amplifier is analyzed under nonlinear resistive load operation. The overall envelope tracking system achieves a record high efficiency of 43% for 20 MHz LTE signal using a GaAs power amplifier. Finally, another new architecture for CMOS envelope amplifier is developed for efficiency enhancement, using deadband controller. A linearized describing function analysis is done on the proposed architecture, to predict the frequency responses of each block, which matches pretty well with the simulations. The stacked implementation of linear and switching amplifiers allows 6V supply while using all 3.3V devices for them. This leads to integration of envelop amplifiers into submicron CMOS processes.
Author : 鄧厚威
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (139 download)
Download or read book Design of the Envelope Tracking Hybrid Supply Modulator for Power Amplifier in LTE-20MHz Wireless Communication Applications written by 鄧厚威 and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Zhancang Wang
Publisher : Artech House
ISBN 13 : 1608077845
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (8 download)
Download or read book Envelope Tracking Power Amplifiers for Wireless Communications written by Zhancang Wang and published by Artech House. This book was released on 2014-06-01 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Envelope tracking technology is seen as the most promising efficiency enhancement technology for RF power amplifiers for 4G and beyond wireless communications. More and more organizations are investing and researching on this topic with huge potential in academic and commercial areas. This is the first book on the market to offer complete introduction, theory, and design considerations on envelope tracking for wireless communications. This resource presents you with a full introduction to the subject and covers underlying theory and practical design considerations.
Author : Parisa Mahmoudidaryan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 55 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)
Download or read book Hybrid Envelope Tracking Supply Modulator Analysis and Design for Wideband Applications written by Parisa Mahmoudidaryan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wideband hybrid envelope tracking modulator utilizing a hysteretic-controlled three-level switching converter and a slew-rate enhanced linear amplifierer is presented. In addition to smaller ripple and lower losses of three-level switching converters, employing the proposed hysteresis control loop results in a higher speed loop and wider bandwidth converter, enabling over 80MHz of switching frequency. A concurrent sensor circuit monitors and regulates the flying capacitor voltage VCF and eliminates conventional required calibration loop to control it. The hysteretic-controlled three-level switching converter provides a high percentage of power amplifier supply load current with lower ripple, reducing the linear amplifier high-frequency current and ripple cancellation current, improving the overall system efficiency. A slew-rate enhancement (SRE) circuit is employed in the linear amplifier resulting in slew-rate of
Author : Myoungbo Kwak
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781124856230
Total Pages : 109 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (562 download)
Download or read book High Efficiency Wideband Envelope Tracking Power Amplifier for Next-generation Wireless Communications written by Myoungbo Kwak and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The latest generation of smart devices deployed in cellular networks has created explosive growth in network data traffic, and the increasing demand for broadband services with higher data rates, require higher peak to average power ratio (PAPR) with wider bandwidth. One of the challenges in the conventional power amplifiers (PAs) with fixed supply voltage, is the degraded efficiency and generated heats at a large back-off to meet tight linearity requirements. This dissertation presents high efficiency wideband envelope tracking power amplifiers for 2.1 GHz micro base-stations and 2.5 GHz wireless mobile applications. By superimposing the envelope signal at the drain such that the RF amplifier operates consistently closer to saturation, the overall efficiency is improved and the generated heat is reduced dramatically. In the first part of the dissertation, a high performance BiCMOS DMOS monolithic envelope amplifier for micro-base station power amplifiers is presented. Due to the low breakdown voltage of the CMOS transistors, the high voltage envelope amplifier has been implemented with discrete components with high voltage process. Compared to these discrete solutions, an integrated circuits implementation for the envelope amplifier brings many benefits. The design of monolithic envelope amplifiers for high voltage (VDD = 15 V) envelope tracking applications, and the design techniques to solve the reliability issues with thin gate oxide is described. The overall envelope tracking system employing a GaN-HEMT RF transistor, and fully integrated high voltage envelope amplifier with a 0.35[mu]m BiCMOS DMOS process, is demonstrated. In the second part, a high-efficiency wideband envelope tracking power amplifier for mobile LTE applications will be presented. The CMOS envelope amplifier with hybrid linear and switcher is designed in a 150 nm CMOS process. The envelope amplifier employs direct sensing of the linear stage current to reduce the propagation delay in the switcher. The strategy is demonstrated to improve the efficiency of the complete envelope tracking power amplifier system. The resulting performance of envelope tracking system employing a GaAs HBT-based RF PA with a 5 MHz LTE signal input demonstrated state-of-the-art efficiency while meet the linearity requirement.
Author : Heng Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 71 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (11 download)
Download or read book A CMOS Efficient Envelope-shaping-and-tracking Power Amplifier System for LTE Applications written by Heng Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 71 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Weiyu Leng
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 156 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (122 download)
Download or read book Envelope Tracking Supply Modulator with Trellis Search-Based Switching and 160 MHz Capability written by Weiyu Leng and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Envelope tracking is widely used to raise the efficiency of PAs. An envelope tracking supply modulator (ETSM) modulates PA's supply voltage to tracks the RF waveform's envelope, so that the PA will operate in saturation all the time. A hybrid amplifier is commonly used to realize the ETSM, which, in effect, partitions the envelope bandwidth into a low and high subband. An efficient switching buck converter tracks the low band. In parallel with it, an op-amp supplies the current in the high band. In prior arts, the hybrid amplifier is realized with feedback using a hysteresis comparator, whose output actuates the buck converter to respond to the changing envelope; the continuous-time op-amp makes up for the error. But a comparator-driven buck converter produces a slew-rate limited current that always lags the envelope waveform. This forces the op-amp to produce a larger current to correct the error, and the arrangement cannot guarantee that the buck converter switches no often than is absolutely necessary. We replace the hysteresis comparator with a novel trellis-search that, first, finds the optimal sequence to switch the buck converter to minimize the RMS current that the op-amp must deliver; second, to lower the loss from switching the capacitance of FETs, it penalizes a large number of switching events in the buck converter. Meanwhile, with a conventional on-chip hysteresis comparator, we can demonstrate ETSM operation up to 160 MHz modulation bandwidth. This is the widest bandwidth reported so far for any ETSM.
Author : Earl McCune
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107059178
Total Pages : 495 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Dynamic Power Supply Transmitters written by Earl McCune and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-05-21 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Power is dissipated (lost) when this current flows through any resistance, which includes the amplifier's transistor. This dissipated power is the product of the current in the load times the voltage difference between the supply voltage to the amplifier and the output signal voltage. When the voltage supplied to the amplifier is a constant value, and by far the most common design practice, the situation in Fig. 1-2a results. Power dissipation in the amplifier is maximum when the output signal voltage is 1/2 of the supply voltage. When the output signal voltage is higher, even though the current value is larger the voltage drop is less and the power dissipation is lower. Similarly, when the output signal voltage is small, even though the voltage drop is now large the current in the load is smaller and again the power dissipation is lower"--
Author : 陳彥廷
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Design of the Envelope Tracking Hybrid Supply Modulator for Lte-10mhz Application written by 陳彥廷 and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : 熊珮妤
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (134 download)
Download or read book Hybrid Supply Modulator Achieving 100MHz Envelope Tracking Bandwidth for 5G Power Amplifier written by 熊珮妤 and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Yiqiao Lin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (91 download)
Download or read book The Design of Concurrent Dual Band Envelope Tracking Power Amplifier for Basestations written by Yiqiao Lin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The linearity and efficiency of a transmitting system is largely determined by its last stage component: the Power Amplifier (PA). In the past century, engineers and scientists have pioneered various architectures to optimize the PA performance - most notably the linearity and efficiency, as these quantities directly correspond to signal integrity and cost, respectively. In this dissertation, the design, implementation, and measurement results of a concurrent dual-band envelope tracking (ET) PA system is detailed. The dual-band PA system incorporates a new envelope tracking (ET) methodology which relaxes the large bandwidth requirement typically placed on supply modulators for dual-band applications, resulting in significant efficiency improvement. Afterwards, the PA linearity optimized through the use of a new, highly stable, and scalable digital predistortion (DPD) scheme, viable for both constant supply as well as modulated supply (ET) dual-band PAs. The developed ET and multi-dimentional DPD system methodologies are then verified using a 10W peak gallium-nitride (GaN) ET PA operating with a dual-band input based on LTE and WCDMA signals, with center frequencies spaced by 310 MHz. The testbed is based on a Altera FPGA Stratix IV and two Analog Device mixed signal DPD boards. The proposed method provides a performance improvement as high as 17 dB in terms of normalized mean square error (NMSE) and 4.6 dB in terms of adjacent channel power ratio (ACPR) in comparison to the conventional dual-band memory polynomial method including ET.
Author : Qiuyao Zhu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781124727844
Total Pages : 125 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (278 download)
Download or read book Envelope Amplifier for Broadband Base-station Envelope Tracking Power Amplifier written by Qiuyao Zhu and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Envelope tracking (ET), which is a dynamic supply control technology to realize high efficiency power amplifiers, is a promising approach for base-station transmitters of the future. The envelope amplifier (EA) in ET systems provides a non-constant modulated power supply to the RF transistor. It is challenging to design so that it is both broadband and high efficiency, while meeting the stringent linearity requirements for high peak-to-average ratio signals in modern wireless communication systems. This thesis focuses on EA design and implementation for efficiency enhancement of ET systems with broadband envelope input signals. First, the ET system architecture is analyzed, and the efficiencies of RF transistors and envelope amplifiers are described. Secondly, the principles of the EA operation are investigated, and each circuit stage is carefully designed for broadband signals. Then, an EA model, including the RF transistor load, is developed in PSpice, and many simulations are described in order to better analyze and design the broadband EA for high efficiency. After the design, a broadband EA is implemented on a PCB board. The testing with constant resistive loads is carried out to verify the function and measure the efficiencies of 5 MHz WCDMA and 20 MHz LTE-A downlink envelope signals. Finally, tests on the whole ET system are performed, and the overall drain and power added efficiencies are tabulated. For this broadband envelope amplifier, the efficiency for a 5 MHz WCDMA input signal is above 75%, and for 20 MHz LTE-A, it works robustly with an efficiency of 62%.
Author : Yushi Hu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 61 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (835 download)
Download or read book Design of a Power Amplifier and Envelope Amplifier for a Multi-band Multi-standard Envelope Tracking System written by Yushi Hu and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents the design of a Power Amplifier (PA) and envelope amplifier for an Envelope Tracking (ET) system that is aimed at meeting emerging radio standards in terms of power efficiency and linearity. The class J mode of operation, as well as the efficiency and power contours from load pull was exploited to develop an adequate procedure for the design of a broadband and high efficiency radio frequency PA. An in-depth study has also been conducted for a hybrid envelope amplifier topology in order to optimize it for power efficiency through proper setting of its switching stage supply. Two separate proof of concept prototypes of the PA and envelop amplifier were designed, fabricated and tested. The PA designed was able to achieve an average drain efficiency of 73.6%, average output power of 45.89dBm, and an average gain of 18dB between 650MHz and 1.050GHz (48% bandwidth). The envelope amplifier achieved close to 74.6% efficiency for a 5MHz bandwidth LTE signal envelope with 6.4dB peak to average power ratio.
Author : Aditya Patil
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 150 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (18 download)
Download or read book Envelope Tracking Converter for Handset LTE Power Amplifier written by Aditya Patil and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
