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Enhanced Flow Boiling Heat Transfer In Radial Microchannel And Offset Strip Fin Geometries
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Book Synopsis Enhanced Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Radial Microchannel and Offset Strip Fin Geometries by : Alyssa Recinella
Download or read book Enhanced Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Radial Microchannel and Offset Strip Fin Geometries written by Alyssa Recinella and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Devices used for various electronic purposes are increasing in power consumption and performance. Due to this growth, the amount of heat dissipated over a small surface area has proportionally continued to increase. Despite previous efforts involving single phase natural and forced convection, these methods are no longer effective in high heat removal. Research in two-phase liquid cooling has become more prominent. Boiling has the potential to yield large critical heat flux values, high heat transfer coefficients and lower pressure drops. Many different surface enhancements and working fluids have been tested to increase efficiency and minimize heat losses. Flow boiling in microchannels have been widely explored in literature for high heat flux dissipation. Microchannels are compact and subsequently easy to manufacture. However, due to flow instabilities that accompany microchannels, different configurations and additional modifications have been explored in order to maximize performance. In this work, a radial geometry is experimentally investigated with a flow inlet over the center of the chip. This central inlet creates a reduction in flow length and therefore a reduction in pressure drop and flow instabilities. Two testing surfaces were explored including a radial microchannel array and a radial offset strip fin array. To maximize performance even further, a gap has been added between the cover plate and testing surface to increase flow area and reduce pressure drop. One significant observation shows that an increase in flow rate mitigates the instabilities seen in the channels and prolongs critical heat flux (CHF). Due to these phenomena, all configurations are tested in the modified configuration with higher flow rates ranging from 120-320 mL/min. Radial microchannels with an added gap yielded maximum performance values of 385.5 W/cm^2 at 42.7°C wall superheat with a high pressure drop of about 140 kPa while the offset strip fin configuration achieved much higher heat transfer performance with CHF values exceeding 900 W/cm^2 at 58.6°C wall superheat. The offset strip fin geometry shows significant performance enhancements compared to the microchannels. For both the gap geometries and the closed geometries, the offset values are much higher than the radial microchannels."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Flow Boiling in Expanding Microchannels by : Tamanna Alam
Download or read book Flow Boiling in Expanding Microchannels written by Tamanna Alam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-05-24 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief presents an up to date summary of details of the flow boiling heat transfer, pressure drop and instability characteristics; two phase flow patterns of expanding microchannels. Results obtained from the different expanding microscale geometries are presented for comparison and addition to that, comparison with literatures is also performed. Finally, parametric studies are performed and presented in the brief. The findings from this study could help in understanding the complex microscale flow boiling behavior and aid in the design and implementation of reliable compact heat sinks for practical applications.
Book Synopsis Enhanced Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels with Structured Surfaces at Varied Mass Flow Rates by : David Wei Bian
Download or read book Enhanced Flow Boiling Heat Transfer in Microchannels with Structured Surfaces at Varied Mass Flow Rates written by David Wei Bian and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis investigates the role of mass flux on flow boiling heat transfer in microchannels with surface micropillar arrays. The motivation for this investigation was to determine the general trends of the optimal micropillar array geometry in terms of its heat transfer capabilities. The experiment was conducted with three microchannels: a flat surface microchannel, a sample called the 5-15 (height h = 25 [mu]m, diameter d = 5 [mu]m, and pitch l = 15 [mu]m) and a sample called the 10-40 (height h = 25 [mu]m, diameter d = 10 [mu]m, and pitch l = 40 [mu]m). The structured surface microchannels, due to their capillary pressure-induced wicking capabilities, exhibited less temperature rise and pressure drop fluctuations at high heat fluxes. Furthermore, it was verified that the critical heat flux value of all microchannels increased with mass flux. In addition, it was concluded that at lower mass fluxes, the relative percentage heat transfer enhancement of the structured surface microchannels over the flat surface microchannel was greater. The trend observed suggests that denser samples are better at lower mass fluxes. However, if a sample is too dense, there may be too much viscous drag. Thus, an optimal balance between capillary force and viscous drag must be found in order to determine the optimum micropillar array geometry and density for maximizing the critical heat flux value. Finally, for a given mass flux, the pressure drop across every microchannel was approximately equal at all heat fluxes. This implies that no additional power consumption is required to pump a particular mass flux through a structured surface microchannel than a flat surface microchannel, though there is certainly additional power required to increase the mass flux. This work provides insights into the roles of both the micropillar array surface structures and the mass fluxes on the heat transfer performance of flow boiling in microchannels. The results and observations of this experiment may prove helpful in guiding future work in an attempt to optimize microchannels for heat transfer applications in electronics.
Book Synopsis Heat Transfer Enhancement in Plate and Fin Extended Surfaces by : Sujoy Kumar Saha
Download or read book Heat Transfer Enhancement in Plate and Fin Extended Surfaces written by Sujoy Kumar Saha and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-24 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Brief deals with heat transfer and friction in plate and fin extended heat transfer enhancement surfaces. It examines Offset-Strip Fin (OSF), Enhancement Principle, Analytically Based Models for j and f vs. Re, Transition from Laminar to Turbulent Region, Correlations for j and f vs. Re, Use of OSF with Liquids, Effect of Percent Fin Offset, Effect of Burred Edges, Louver fin, heat transfer and friction correlations, flow structure in the louver fin array, analytical model for heat transfer and friction, convex louver fin, wavy fin, 3D corrugated fin, perforated fin, pin fins and wire mesh, types of vortex generators, metal foam fin, plain fin, packings, numerical simulation of various types of fins.
Book Synopsis Flow Boiling in Microgap Channels by : Tamanna Alam
Download or read book Flow Boiling in Microgap Channels written by Tamanna Alam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-26 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flow Boiling in Microgap Channels: Experiment, Visualization and Analysis presents an up-to-date summary of the details of the confined to unconfined flow boiling transition criteria, flow boiling heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics, instability characteristics, two phase flow pattern and flow regime map and the parametric study of microgap dimension. Advantages of flow boiling in microgaps over microchannels are also highlighted. The objective of this Brief is to obtain a better fundamental understanding of the flow boiling processes, compare the performance between microgap and conventional microchannel heat sinks, and evaluate the microgap heat sink for instabilities and hotspot mitigation.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Flow Boiling Phenomena in Small-scale Complex Geometries by : Amir Hooshang Raeisi Dehkordi
Download or read book Investigation of Flow Boiling Phenomena in Small-scale Complex Geometries written by Amir Hooshang Raeisi Dehkordi and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study concerns measurement and prediction of single-phase and flow boiling heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops in mini multi-channel geometries with and without interconnecting passages, including plate channel; parallel channel; in-line pin-fin and in-line off-set pin-fin surfaces. Experiments were performed with refrigerant R113 and deionised water at atmospheric pressure. Single-phase and flow boiling heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops were obtained over a range of effective heat fluxes and mass fluxes. For the plate and parallel channel surfaces, the results obtained have been compared with several published macro- and micro-channels correlations. For the in-line and in-line off-set pin fin surfaces, as the geometries have some similarities with tube bundles, the results obtained have been predicted using the standard correlations for tube bundles. The results also have been compared with several existing correlations developed based on macro-scale tube bundles and micro-pin-fin surfaces data. The saturated flow boiling heat transfer coefficients for the parallel channel and pin-fin surfaces were similar to within the experimental uncertainty, and considerably higher than the plate channel values, all dependent on heat flux and reasonably independent of mass flux and vapour mass fraction. This indicated that the dominant heat-transfer mechanism in the saturated boiling flow regime was nucleate boiling for all surfaces. The parallel channel, in-line and off-set pin-fin surfaces improved heat transfer by increasing the surface area and the heat transfer coefficient in comparison with the plate channel surface. The two-phase pressure drops in the parallel channel and pin-fin surfaces were considerably larger than that for the plate channel surface. Thus, the reduction in wall temperature is achieved by a significant pressure drop penalty. For the pin-fin surfaces, at low vapour qualities the heat transfer coefficients were in reasonable agreement with the conventional scale tube bundles correlations however as the vapour quality increases, the correlations were not able to predict the heat transfer coefficient as unlike the conventionally-sized tube bundles, the convective enhancement does not happen in the mini-pin-fin surfaces tested. The nucleate pool boiling correlation of Cooper (1984) provided a good agreement with the data for all surfaces tests with R113 and deionised water. The measured two-phase pressure drops for both pin-fin surfaces tests with R113 and deionised water were in a good agreement with the predicted values obtained from standard correlations for tube bundles, indicating pressure drop methods maybe transferable.
Book Synopsis Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Boiling in Micro-Channels by : L. P. Yarin
Download or read book Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer and Boiling in Micro-Channels written by L. P. Yarin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-09-19 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The subject of the book is uid dynamics and heat transfer in micro-channels. This problem is important for understanding the complex phenomena associated with single- and two-phase ows in heated micro-channels. The challenge posed by high heat uxes in electronic chips makes thermal management a key factor in the development of these systems. Cooling of mic- electronic components by new cooling technologies, as well as improvement of the existing ones, is becoming a necessity as the power dissipation levels of integrated circuits increases and their sizes decrease. Miniature heat sinks with liquid ows in silicon wafers could signi cantly improve the performance and reliability of se- conductor devices. The improvements are made by increasing the effective thermal conductivity, by reducing the temperature gradient across the wafer, by reducing the maximum wafer temperature, and also by reducing the number and intensity of localized hot spots. A possible way to enhance heat transfer in systems with high power density is to change the phase in the micro-channels embedded in the device. This has motivated a number of theoretical and experimental investigations covering various aspects of heat transfer in micro-channel heat sinks with phase change. The ow and heat transfer in heated micro-channels are accompanied by a n- ber of thermohydrodynamic processes, such as liquid heating and vaporization, bo- ing, formation of two-phase mixtures with a very complicated inner structure, etc., which affect signi cantly the hydrodynamic and thermal characteristics of the co- ing systems.
Book Synopsis Modeling of Boiling and Two-phase Flow in Offset Strip-fin Heat Exchanger Geometries by : Gary Dwayne Mandrusiak
Download or read book Modeling of Boiling and Two-phase Flow in Offset Strip-fin Heat Exchanger Geometries written by Gary Dwayne Mandrusiak and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flow Boiling in Microgap Channels by : Tamanna Alam
Download or read book Flow Boiling in Microgap Channels written by Tamanna Alam and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-08-26 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flow Boiling in Microgap Channels: Experiment, Visualization and Analysis presents an up-to-date summary of the details of the confined to unconfined flow boiling transition criteria, flow boiling heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics, instability characteristics, two phase flow pattern and flow regime map and the parametric study of microgap dimension. Advantages of flow boiling in microgaps over microchannels are also highlighted. The objective of this Brief is to obtain a better fundamental understanding of the flow boiling processes, compare the performance between microgap and conventional microchannel heat sinks, and evaluate the microgap heat sink for instabilities and hotspot mitigation.
Book Synopsis A Theoretical Analysis of Microchannel Flow Boiling Enhancement Via Cross-sectional Expansion by : Mark Miner
Download or read book A Theoretical Analysis of Microchannel Flow Boiling Enhancement Via Cross-sectional Expansion written by Mark Miner and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microchannel heat sinks can possess heat transfer characteristics unavailable in conventional heat exchangers; such sinks offer compact solutions to otherwise intractable thermal management problems, notably in small-scale electronics cooling. Flow boiling in microchannels allows a very high heat transfer rate, but is bounded by the critical heat flux (CHF). This thesis presents a theoretical-numerical study of a method to improve the heat rejection capability of a microchannel heat sink via expansion of the channel cross-section along the flow direction. The thermodynamic quality of the refrigerant increases during flow boiling, decreasing the density of the bulk coolant as it flows. This may effect pressure fluctuations in the channels, leading to nonuniform heat transfer and local dryout in regions exceeding CHF. This undesirable phenomenon is counteracted by permitting the cross-section of the microchannel to increase along the direction of flow, allowing more volume for the vapor. Governing equations are derived from a control-volume analysis of a single heated rectangular microchannel; the cross-section is allowed to expand in width and height. The resulting differential equations are solved numerically for a variety of channel expansion profiles and numbers of channels. The refrigerant is R-134a and channel parameters are based on a physical test bed in a related experiment. Significant improvement in CHF is possible with moderate area expansion. Minimal additional manufacturing costs could yield major gains in the utility of microchannel heat sinks. An optimum expansion rate occurred in certain cases, and alterations in the channel width are, in general, more effective at improving CHF than alterations in the channel height. Modest expansion in height enables small width expansions to be very effective.
Book Synopsis Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Single Phase Adiabatic Flows in Plain and Enhanced Microchannels by : Akhilesh V. Bapat
Download or read book Experimental and Numerical Evaluation of Single Phase Adiabatic Flows in Plain and Enhanced Microchannels written by Akhilesh V. Bapat and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Thermal dissipation is a critical issue in the performance of semiconductor devices. The current practice is to use forced convection by air over a heat sink which is bonded to the microelectronic device. With increased packing density of the circuits inside a chip, large amounts of heat is generated and air cooling is no longer sufficient. Forced liquid convection using microchannels is considered to be a viable option for cooling of these microprocessor chips. This work deals with the evaluation of the single phase pressure drop in microchannels. There are two types of microchannels under consideration. Plain microchannels which have basically long uninterrupted flow channels while the enhanced channels which have the interrupted flow lengths. Enhanced microchannels, because of their offset strip fin geometry, significantly increase both the heat transfer as well as the pressure drop. This work deals with the evaluation of single phase flow pressure drop in both plain and enhanced microchannels. For plain microchannels there have been a few investigations in the literature which suggest that the microchannel performance can generally be predicted using the classical fluid flow equations. However there are some experiments that still show departure from the classical theory that cannot be explained. It is proposed in this work that the reason for this discrepancy can be traced to the effects due to flow maldistribution in plain microchannels. A systematic experimental investigation is performed to study the effects of slight variations in channel dimensions and their influence on the flow maldistribution in an attempt to validate the applicability of classical theory to microchannel flows. Enhanced microchannels however have not been investigated thoroughly. There is very few data available in the literature. FLUENT is a CFD software which can be used as a tool to design and optimize these enhanced channels. However it has to be first validated with experiments. Thus pressure drop experiments are carried out on an offset strip fin silicon microchannel and the data is predicted using FLUENT, which is CFD software. Also existing predictive models for friction factor in offset strip fin minichannels are tested to check their validity for microchannel flows. For plain microchannels, it seen that with uniform flow assumption, the friction factor is either underpredicted or overpredicted using the theory depending upon the reference channel dimension. However by accounting flow maldistribution in plain microchannels, friction factor can be accurately determined using theoretical equations. For enhanced microchannels it is observed that FLUENT can predict the pressure drop within 10%. In this work only adiabatic flows are considered. It is recommended that this work should be extended to flows with heat transfer"--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition by : Efstathios Michaelides
Download or read book Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition written by Efstathios Michaelides and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 1559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is a thoroughly updated and reorganized revision of the late Clayton Crowe’s work, and provides a detailed look at the basic concepts and the wide range of applications in this important area of thermal/fluids engineering. Revised by the new editors, Efstathios E. (Stathis) Michaelides and John D. Schwarzkopf, the new Second Edition begins with two chapters covering fundamental concepts and methods that pertain to all the types and applications of multiphase flow. The remaining chapters cover the applications and engineering systems that are relevant to all the types of multiphase flow and heat transfer. The twenty-one chapters and several sections of the book include the basic science as well as the contemporary engineering and technological applications of multiphase flow in a comprehensive way that is easy to follow and be understood. The editors created a common set of nomenclature that is used throughout the book, allowing readers to easily compare fundamental theory with currently developing concepts and applications. With contributed chapters from sixty-two leading experts around the world, the Multiphase Flow Handbook, Second Edition is an essential reference for all researchers, academics and engineers working with complex thermal and fluid systems.
Book Synopsis Experimental Study of Flow Boiling Heat Transfer and Critical Heat Flux in Microchannels by : Wai Keat Kuan
Download or read book Experimental Study of Flow Boiling Heat Transfer and Critical Heat Flux in Microchannels written by Wai Keat Kuan and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Advancements in microprocessors and other high power electronics have resulted in increased heat dissipation from those devices. In addition, to reduce cost, the functionality of microprocessor per unit area has been increasing. The increase in functionality accompanied by reduction in chip size has caused its thermal management to be challenging. In order to dissipate the increase in heat generation, the size of conventional fin-type heat sinks has to be increased. As a result, the performance of these high heat flux generating electronics is often limited by the available cooling technology and space to accommodate the larger conventional air-cooled heat sinks. One way to enhance heat transfer from electronics without sacrificing their performance is the use of heat sink with many microchannels and liquid passing through it. The present work is aimed toward understanding the flow boiling stability and critical heat flux (CHF) with water and R-123 in microchannel passages. Experimental data and theoretical model to predict the heat transfer and CHF are the focus of this work. The experimental test section has six parallel microchannels with each having a cross sectional area of 1054 x 157 um2 or 1054 x 197 um2. The effect of flow instabilities in microchannels is investigated using flow restrictors at the inlet of each microchannel to stabilize the flow boiling process and avoid the backflow phenomena. This technique resulted in successfully stabilizing the flow boiling process as seen through a high-speed camera. The present CHF result is found to correlate to mean absolute error (MAE) of 24.1% with a macro-scale empirical equation by Katto et al. A theoretical analysis of flow boiling phenomena revealed that the ratio of evaporation momentum to surface tension forces is an important parameter. For the first time, a theoretical CHF model is proposed using these underlying forces to represent CHF mechanism in microchannels, and its correlation agrees with the experiemental data with overall MAE of 12.3%. CHF is found to increase with increasing mass flux, and it leads to a change in the flow pattern from a wetted film flow to liquid streams that flow in the core of the flow"--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Microchannel Flow Boiling Enhancement Via Cross-sectional Expansion by : Mark Miner
Download or read book Microchannel Flow Boiling Enhancement Via Cross-sectional Expansion written by Mark Miner and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The heat transfer enhancements available from expanding the cross-section of a boiling microchannel are explored analytically and experimentally. Evaluation of the literature on critical heat flux in flow boiling and associated pressure drop behavior is presented with predictive critical heat flux (CHF) and pressure drop correlations. An optimum channel configuration allowing maximum CHF while reducing pressure drop is sought. A perturbation of the channel diameter is employed to examine CHF and pressure drop relationships from the literature with the aim of identifying those adequately general and suitable for use in a scenario with an expanding channel. Several CHF criteria are identified which predict an optimizable channel expansion, though many do not. Pressure drop relationships admit improvement with expansion, and no optimum presents itself. The relevant physical phenomena surrounding flow boiling pressure drop are considered, and a balance of dimensionless numbers is presented that may be of qualitative use. The design, fabrication, inspection, and experimental evaluation of four copper microchannel arrays of different channel expansion rates with R-134a refrigerant is presented. Optimum rates of expansion which maximize the critical heat flux are considered at multiple flow rates, and experimental results are presented demonstrating optima. The effect of expansion on the boiling number is considered, and experiments demonstrate that expansion produces a notable increase in the boiling number in the region explored, though no optima are observed. Significant decrease in the pressure drop across the evaporator is observed with the expanding channels, and no optima appear. Discussion of the significance of this finding is presented, along with possible avenues for future work.
Book Synopsis Flow Boiling in Open Microchannels with Tapered Manifolds Using Ethanol in a Gravity-driven Flow by : Philipp K. Buchling Rego
Download or read book Flow Boiling in Open Microchannels with Tapered Manifolds Using Ethanol in a Gravity-driven Flow written by Philipp K. Buchling Rego and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Flow boiling in microchannel heat sinks has been researched extensively for its use in the cooling of high-power electronics. Previous works have proven open microchannels with tapered gap manifolds are effective in delivering enhanced flow boiling performance, with significant reductions in pressure drop. This work explores the feasibility of employing ethanol as a dielectric fluid in an open microchannel geometry with tapered manifolds, under a gravity-driven flow. A heat flux of 217 ± 13 W/cm2 was dissipated with a pressure drop of only 8.8 ± 0.5 kPa. Parametric trends are presented regarding flow rate, taper, pressure drop characteristics, and their effect on critical heat flux, providing basic insight into designing high heat flux systems under a given gravitational head requirement. Based on the obtained results, design guidelines are developed for the manifold taper, ethanol flow rate, and imposed heat flux on the heat transfer coefficient and gravity head requirement for electronics cooling. Reducing flow instability and pressure drop, and enhancing heat transfer performance for a dielectric fluid will enable the development of pumpless cooling solutions in a variety of electronics cooling applications."--Abstract.
Book Synopsis Laminar Flow Forced Convection in Ducts by : R. K. Shah
Download or read book Laminar Flow Forced Convection in Ducts written by R. K. Shah and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laminar Flow Forced Convection in Ducts is a sourcebook for compact heat exchanger analytical data. This book describes the analytical solutions for laminar fluid flow and forced convection heat transfer in circular and noncircular pipes, including applicable differential equations and boundary conditions involving velocity and temperature problems of fluid flow. The book also discusses fluid flow—how much power is required to pump fluids through the heat exchanger, as well as the heat transfer—the determination of q" distribution, and the temperature of fluid and walls. The text also analyzes the coolant or heat transfer fluid flows in a nuclear power reactor composed of a bundle of circular section fuel rods located inside a round tube. R.A. Axford addresses fluid flow and heat transfers results for the rod bundle geometry in "Heat Transfer in Rod Bundles." The book also provides an overview and guidelines that can be used for the designer and the applied mathematician. This book is suitable for engineers working in electronics, aerospace, instrumentation, and biomechanics that use cooling or heating exchanges or solar collection systems.
Book Synopsis Principles of Enhanced Heat Transfer by : Ralph L. Webb
Download or read book Principles of Enhanced Heat Transfer written by Ralph L. Webb and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1994-03-28 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indeed, today "second generation" enhancement concepts are routing in the automotive and refrigeration industries to obtain lower cost, smaller heat exchanger size, and higher energy efficiency in system operation. And the aerospace, process, and power generation industries are not far behind.
