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Engineering The Membrane Electrode Assembly Of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Using Novel Graphene Architecture
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Book Synopsis Engineering the Membrane Electrode Assembly of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Using Novel Graphene Architecture by : Prabhuraj Balakrishnan
Download or read book Engineering the Membrane Electrode Assembly of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Using Novel Graphene Architecture written by Prabhuraj Balakrishnan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) Design for Power Density Enhancement of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) by : Laam Angela Tse
Download or read book Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) Design for Power Density Enhancement of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFCs) written by Laam Angela Tse and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Micro-direct methanol fuel cells (micro-DMFC) can be the power supply solution for the next generation of handheld devices. The applications of the micro-DMFCs require them to have high compactness, high performance, light weight, and long life. The major goal of this research project is to enhance the volumetric power density of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). A performance roadmap has been formulated and showed that patterning the planar membrane electrode assembly (MEA) to 2-D and 3-D corrugated manifolds can greatly increase the power generation with very modest overall volume increases. In this project, different manufacturing processes for patterning MEAs with corrugations have been investigated. A folding process was selected to form 2D triangular corrugations on MEAs for experimental validations of the performance prediction. The experimental results show that the volumetric power densities of the corrugated MEAs have improved by about 25% compared to the planar MEAs, which is lower than the expected performance enhancement. ABAQUS software was used to simulate the manufacturing process and identify the causes of deformations during manufacture. Experimental analysis methods like impedance analysis and 4 point-probes were used to quantify the performance loss and microstructure alteration during the forming process. A model was proposed to relate the expected performance of corrugated MEAs to manufacturing process variables. Finally, different stacking configurations and issues related to cell stacking for corrugated MEAs are also investigated.
Book Synopsis Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Technology by : Kingshuk Dutta
Download or read book Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Technology written by Kingshuk Dutta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 565 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Technology presents the overall progress witnessed in the field of DMFC over the past decade, highlighting the components, materials, functions, properties and features, designs and configurations, operations, modelling, applications, pros and cons, social, political and market penetration, economics and future directions. The book discusses every single aspect of DMFC device technology, the associated advantages and drawbacks of state-of-the-art materials and design, market opportunities and commercialization aspects, and possible future directions of research and development. This book, containing critical analyses and opinions from experts around the world, will garner considerable interest among actual users/scientists/experts. - Analyzes developments of membrane electrolytes, electrodes, catalysts, catalyst supports, bipolar plates, gas diffusion layers and flow channels as critical components of direct methanol fuel cells - Includes modeling of direct methanol fuel cells to understand their scaling up potentials - Discusses commercial aspects of direct methanol fuel cells in terms of market penetration, end application, cost, viability, reliability, social and commercial perception, drawbacks and prospects
Book Synopsis Electrocatalysis of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells by : Jiujun Zhang
Download or read book Electrocatalysis of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells written by Jiujun Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first book to focus on a comprehensive description on DMFC electrocatalysis draws a clear picture of the current status of DMFC technology, especially the advances, challenges and perspectives in the field. Leading researchers from universities, government laboratories and fuel cell industries in North America, Europe and Asia share their knowledge and information on recent advances in the fundamental theories, experimental methodologies and research achievements. In order to help readers better understand the science and technology of the subject, some important and representative figures, tables, photos, and comprehensive lists of reference papers are also included, such that all the information needed on this topic may be easily located. An indispensable source for physical, catalytic, electro- and solid state chemists, as well as materials scientists and chemists in industry.
Book Synopsis Advanced Membrane Electrode Assemblies for Fuel and Water Management in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells by : Christian E. Shaffer
Download or read book Advanced Membrane Electrode Assemblies for Fuel and Water Management in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells written by Christian E. Shaffer and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polymer Electrolyte Membrane and Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Technology by : Christoph Hartnig
Download or read book Polymer Electrolyte Membrane and Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Technology written by Christoph Hartnig and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-03-19 with total page 437 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) technology are promising forms of low-temperature electrochemical power conversion technologies that operate on hydrogen and methanol respectively. Featuring high electrical efficiency and low operational emissions, they have attracted intense worldwide commercialization research and development efforts. These R&D efforts include a major drive towards improving materials performance, fuel cell operation and durability. In situ characterization is essential to improving performance and extending operational lifetime through providing information necessary to understand how fuel cell materials perform under operational loads.This two volume set reviews the fundamentals, performance, and in situ characterization of PEMFCs and DMFCs. Volume 1 covers the fundamental science and engineering of these low temperature fuel cells, focusing on understanding and improving performance and operation. Part one reviews systems fundamentals, ranging from fuels and fuel processing, to the development of membrane and catalyst materials and technology, and gas diffusion media and flowfields, as well as life cycle aspects and modelling approaches. Part two details performance issues relevant to fuel cell operation and durability, such as catalyst ageing, materials degradation and durability testing, and goes on to review advanced transport simulation approaches, degradation modelling and experimental monitoring techniques.With its international team of expert contributors, Polymer electrolyte membrane and direct methanol fuel cell technology Volumes 1 & 2 is an invaluable reference for low temperature fuel cell designers and manufacturers, as well as materials science and electrochemistry researchers and academics. - Covers the fundamental science and engineering of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), focusing on understanding and improving performance and operation - Reviews systems fundamentals, ranging from fuels and fuel processing, to the development of membrane and catalyst materials and technology, and gas diffusion media and flowfields, as well as life cycle aspects and modelling approaches - Details performance issues relevant to fuel cell operation and durability, such as catalyst ageing, materials degradation and durability testing, and reviews advanced transport simulation approaches, degradation modelling and experimental monitoring techniques
Book Synopsis Optimizing Membrane Electrode Assembly of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells for Portable Power by : Fuqiang Liu
Download or read book Optimizing Membrane Electrode Assembly of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells for Portable Power written by Fuqiang Liu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characterisation of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly for Portable Applications by :
Download or read book Characterisation of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly for Portable Applications written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Membrane Electrode Assembly Modification by Zeolite and Graphene Oxide to Reduce Methanol Permeation in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell by : Sirhan Al Batty
Download or read book Membrane Electrode Assembly Modification by Zeolite and Graphene Oxide to Reduce Methanol Permeation in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell written by Sirhan Al Batty and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Formation of Membrane Electrode Assembly for High Temperature Methanol Fuel Cells by :
Download or read book Formation of Membrane Electrode Assembly for High Temperature Methanol Fuel Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Continuous Manufacturing of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assemblies by : Babar Masood Koraishy
Download or read book Continuous Manufacturing of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assemblies written by Babar Masood Koraishy and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC) provide an exciting alternative to current energy storage technologies for powering small portable electronic devices. For applications with sufficiently long durations of continuous operation, DMFC's offer higher energy density, the ability to be refueled instead of recharged, and easier fuel handling and storage than devices that operate with hydrogen. At present, materials and manufacturing challenges impede performance and have prevented the entry of these devices to the marketplace. Higher-performing, cost-effective materials and efficient manufacturing processes are needed to enable the commercialization of DMFC. In a DMFC, the methanol-rich fuel stream and the oxidant are isolated from one another by a proton-conducting and electrically insulating membrane. Catalysts in the electrodes on either side of the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) promote the two simultaneous half-reactions which allow the chemical energy carried in the fuel and oxidant to be converted directly into electricity. The goal of this research effort is to develop a continuous manufacturing process for the fabrication of effective DMFC MEAs. Based on the geometry of the electrode and materials used in the MEA, we propose a roll-to-roll process in which electrodes are coated onto a suitable substrate and subsequently assembled to form a MEA. Appropriate coating methods for electrode fabrication were identified by evaluating the requirements of continuous manufacturing processes; an appropriate set of these processes was then reduced to practice on a custom-designed flexible test bed designed explicitly for this project. After establishing baseline capabilities for several candidate methods, a spraying process was selected and a continuous manufacturing process concept was proposed. Finally, key control parameters of the spraying process were identified and their influence tested on actual MEAs to define optimal operating conditions.
Download or read book Fuel Cell Engineering written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-08-14 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel cells are attractive electrochemical energy converters featuring potentially very high thermodynamic efficiency factors. The focus of this volume of Advances in Chemical Engineering is on quantitative approaches, particularly based on chemical engineering principles, to analyze, control and optimize the steady state and dynamic behavior of low and high temperature fuel cells (PEMFC, DMFC, SOFC) to be applied in mobile and stationary systems. - Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings using original reviews - Written by leading industry experts and scholars - Reviews and analyzes developments in the field
Book Synopsis Influence of Membrane-electrode Interface on Long-term Performance of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells by :
Download or read book Influence of Membrane-electrode Interface on Long-term Performance of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long-term stability of direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) is one of the most critical requirements for the successful launch of this technology to commercial market. When a DMFC is operated for extended periods of time, performance decreases continuously. The performance decay in continuous operation of DMFCs is caused by several different attributes, such as surface oxidation of platinum at the cathode, loss of catalytic active surface area, interfacial failure between membrane and electrode, changing hydrophobicity of backing layers or ruthenium crossover. Among those attributes, the interfacial incompatibility between membrane and electrode becomes more important when alternative polymer electrolyte membranes (PEM) are used with Nafion-bonded electrode. In earlier work, we demonstrated that the direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) using alternative fully aromatic hydrocarbon based PEMs initially outperformed the DMFCs using industrial standard Nafion membranes. Nonetheless, the longer-term performance of the alternative system deteriorated rather faster probably due to the interfacial incompatibility. In this presentation, the effect of interfacial incompatibility of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) on long-term DMFC performance is presented in a systematic manner. A series of disulfonated poly(arylene ether) copolymers having different ion exchange capacity and fluorine content was prepared. The effects of chemical structure of the PEMs on interfacial compatibility and long-term performance were investigated and compared with Nation control membraneelectrode assembly.
Book Synopsis Development and Characterization of Membrane Electrode Assmebly of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Using Hydrocarbon Membranes and Supported Catalysts by : Xiaoming Huang
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Membrane Electrode Assmebly of Direct Methanol Fuel Cells Using Hydrocarbon Membranes and Supported Catalysts written by Xiaoming Huang and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells for Portable Applications by : Alexandra M. F. R. Pinto
Download or read book Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells for Portable Applications written by Alexandra M. F. R. Pinto and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-08 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells for Portable Applications: Fundamentals, Engineering and Advances presents the fundamental concepts, technological advances and challenges in developing, modeling and deploying fuel cells and fuel cell systems for portable devices, including micro and mini fuel cells. The authors review the fundamental science of direct alcohol fuel cells, covering, in detail, thermodynamics, electrode kinetics and electrocatalysis of charge-transfer reactions, mass and heat transfer phenomena, and basic modeling aspects. In addition, the book examines other fuels in DAFCs, such as formic acid, ethylene glycol and glycerol, along with technological aspects and applications, including case studies and cost analysis. Researchers, engineering professionals, fuel cell developers, policymakers and senior graduate students will find this a valuable resource. The book's comprehensive coverage of fundamentals is especially useful for graduate students, advanced undergraduate students and those new to the field. - Provides a comprehensive understanding of the fundamentals of DAFCs and their basic components, design and performance - Presents current and complete information on the state-of-the-art of DAFC technology and its most relevant challenges for commercial deployment - Includes practical application examples, problems and case studies - Covers the use of other fuels, such as formic acid, ethylene glycol and glycerol
Book Synopsis Methanol Barrier Layers by : Chatkaew Chailuecha
Download or read book Methanol Barrier Layers written by Chatkaew Chailuecha and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Development and Characterization of Graphene-based Microporous Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells by : Adnan Ozden
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Graphene-based Microporous Layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells written by Adnan Ozden and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell is an energy-conversion device that converts the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electricity directly through electrochemical reactions with only water and heat as reaction by-products. Over the last decade, PEM fuel cell technology has been considerably advanced, with remaining technical and scientific challenges to be overcome for further improvements in performance, durability, stability, and cost. For example, specifically for end-use applications, fuel cell system is equipped with an external humidifier to ensure an adequate level of humidification for the membrane-electrode assembly (MEA). However, such a humidification methodology not only increases the weight, complexity, and manufacturing cost of the fuel cell system, but also substantially reduces its overall energy-conversion efficiency through increased parasitic power consumption. Thus, if an adequate level of humidification could be met without using an external humidifier, then the eventual system cost, weight, and complexity could be reduced substantially, and such an improvement would certainly pave the way towards the widespread commercialization of this technology. Such a target could be achieved through a well-designed MEA architecture, which can maintain sufficient humidification, regardless of operating conditions. In this context, as a key component in the management of water (and to a lesser degree, heat) for improved performance, stability, and durability of PEM fuel cells under a wide range of operating conditions, microporous layer (MPL) should be designed to ensure self-humidification for the MEA. In recent years, the criticality of MPLs to water management has been progressively recognized, which further confirmed through promising cell performance characteristics obtained from the laboratory-scale investigations. However, further improvement requires further breakthroughs, particularly in the development and implementation of alternative MPL materials. The performance of MPLs depends to a large extent on their morphological, microstructural, physical, and electrochemical characteristics, which are, in turn, governed by the specifications of their materials, typically a carbon or carbon-derived powder and a polymeric binder. Owing to their favorable features, i.e., high electrical and thermal conductivity, high corrosion resistance, and wide availability and hence affordability, various types of carbon-based materials, such as Vulcan® XC-72R, Ketjenblack® EC-300J, Ketjenblack® EC-600JD, Black Pearls® 2000, and Hicon Black®, have been employed as primary MPL materials, albeit with their widely known drawbacks in terms of morphological degradation during continuous cell operation. In addition, MPLs made of these conventional carbon powders can only provide promising performance under a very limited range of operating conditions, which is not fully satisfactory for practical applications. As an alternative to conventional carbon/carbon-derived materials, graphene, a monolayer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional (2D) lattice, would be an appealing material, due to its unique characteristics, including extremely high single-particle electrical conductivity, high thermal conductivity, high surface area, and high mechanical stiffness and elasticity, and many others. Graphene flakes are also prone to stack horizontally and built up a well-connected and smooth layer. Thus, placement of such a compact and smooth layer between the catalyst layer (CL) and the gas diffusion layer (GDL) could reasonably boost the catalyst utilization (by preventing migration of precious catalyst nanoparticles into the GDL), improve interfacial characteristics, and facilitate heat transport in the in- and through-plane directions. In this thesis, graphene is therefore considered to be an alternative MPL material. Accordingly, graphene-based MPLs are prepared and characterized through morphological, microstructural, physical, and electrochemical characterizations to reveal many of their unexplored characteristics. Cell performances of the graphene-based MPLs are also investigated for the first time in a scaled-up PEM fuel cell. Comparison studies are conducted with an MPL made of an extensively used commercial carbon-based material, Ketjenblack. The results indicate that the graphene-based MPL has a unique morphology composed of firmly and horizontally packaged graphene flakes that substantially improves water management, electron transport, catalyst activity and catalyst utilization. Due to such a desirable morphology, the graphene-based MPL demonstrates comparable performance to the one made of Ketjenblack under high-humidity operation, while exhibits excellent performance superiorities (up to a peak power density of about 53% better than the conventional carbon-based MPL (Ketjenblack)), specifically under low- and intermediate-humidity operation. Overall, the graphene-based MPL is found to have a significant potential to meet the performance demand under low-, intermediate-, and high-humidity conditions, thereby potentially eliminating the dependence of PEM fuel cells on external humidifiers.
