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Emerging Infrastructure Policy Issues In Developing Countries
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Book Synopsis Emerging Infrastructure Policy Issues in Developing Countries by : Antonio Estache
Download or read book Emerging Infrastructure Policy Issues in Developing Countries written by Antonio Estache and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Estache reviews the recent economic research on emerging issues for infrastructure policies affecting poor people in developing countries. His main purpose is to identify some of the challenges the international community, and donors in particular, are likely to have to address over the next few years. He addresses six main issues: (1) the necessity of infrastructure in achieving the Millennium Development Goals; (2) the various dimensions of financing challenges for infrastructure; (3) the debate on the relative importance of urban and rural infrastructure needs; (4) the debate on the effectiveness of infrastructure decentralization; (5) what works and what does not when trying to target the needs of the poor, with an emphasis on affordability and regulation challenges; and (6) the importance of governance and corruption in the sector. The author concludes by showing how the challenges identified define a relatively well integrated agenda for both researchers and the international infrastructure community. This paper,a product of the Office of the Vice President, Infrastructure Network,is part of a larger effort in the network to stimulate more analytical assessments of emerging issues in the sector"--World Bank web site.
Book Synopsis Emerging Infrastructure Policy Issues in Developing Countries by : Antonio Estache
Download or read book Emerging Infrastructure Policy Issues in Developing Countries written by Antonio Estache and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estache reviews the recent economic research on emerging issues for infrastructure policies affecting poor people in developing countries. His main purpose is to identify some of the challenges the international community, and donors in particular, are likely to have to address over the next few years. He addresses six main issues: (1) the necessity of infrastructure in achieving the Millennium Development Goals; (2) the various dimensions of financing challenges for infrastructure; (3) the debate on the relative importance of urban and rural infrastructure needs; (4) the debate on the effectiveness of infrastructure decentralization; (5) what works and what does not when trying to target the needs of the poor, with an emphasis on affordability and regulation challenges; and (6) the importance of governance and corruption in the sector. The author concludes by showing how the challenges identified define a relatively well integrated agenda for both researchers and the international infrastructure community.This paper - a product of the Office of the Vice President, Infrastructure Network - is part of a larger effort in the network to stimulate more analytical assessments of emerging issues in the sector.
Book Synopsis Infrastructure Services in Developing Countries by : Cecilia Briceño-Garmendia
Download or read book Infrastructure Services in Developing Countries written by Cecilia Briceño-Garmendia and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2004 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Briceno, Estache, and Shafik review the evidence on the state of infrastructure in the developing world, emphasizing the investment needs and the emerging policy issues. While their assessment is seriously constrained by data gaps, they provide useful insights on the main challenges ahead, emphasizing that, in addition to the widely discussed access problems, the poorest also face major affordability and service quality issues which were not well addressed by the reforms of the 1990s. The authors make a case for a stronger commitment of the international community to generate the information needed to assess and monitor infrastructure needs and policies. This paper--a product of the Office of the Vice President, Infrastructure Network--is part of a larger effort in the network to upgrade economic and policy work in infrastructure"--World Bank web site.
Book Synopsis Trends and Challenges in Infrastructure Investment in Low-Income Developing Countries by : Daniel Gurara
Download or read book Trends and Challenges in Infrastructure Investment in Low-Income Developing Countries written by Daniel Gurara and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-11-07 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines trends in infrastructure investment and its financing in low-income developing countries (LIDCs). Following an acceleration of public investment over the last 15 years, the stock of infrastructure assets increased in LIDCs, even though large gaps remain compared to emerging markets. Infrastructure in LIDCs is largely provided by the public sector; private participation is mostly channeled through Public-Private Partnerships. Grants and concessional loans are an essential source of infrastructure funding in LIDCs, while the complementary role of bank lending is still limited to a few countries. Bridging infrastructure gaps would require a broad set of actions to improve the efficiency of public spending, mobilize domestic resources and support from development partners, and crowd in the private sector.
Book Synopsis Frontiers in Development Policy by : Shahid Yusuf
Download or read book Frontiers in Development Policy written by Shahid Yusuf and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-09-15 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global crisis of 2008-09 has brought to the forefront a plethora of economic and political policy issues. There is a re-opening of discussion on basic economic concepts, appropriate framework for analysis, role of private and public sectors in the economy, structural transformation of economies, human development and managing of growing risks and crises. The purpose of this book has been to bring home the inter-linkages in various parts of the economy and the need for practical policy making to reach development goals while being aware of the instabilities, complexities and downside risks inherent in the nature of a an economy operating in a globalized world. Thematically, this book focuses on two core types of policy: policies that promote strong, sustainable and inclusive growth in low income and middle income developing countries and new and emerging policies that necessitates a discussion amongst policy makers and practitioners. Throughout the book, the authors provide insight in to the different types of policy approaches that can be taken to help the economy grow. Ultimately the book looks to foster discussion amongst policy makers on growth and development.
Book Synopsis Infrastructure Services in Developing Countries by : Cecilia Brice??o-Garmendia
Download or read book Infrastructure Services in Developing Countries written by Cecilia Brice??o-Garmendia and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors review the evidence on the state of infrastructure in the developing world, emphasizing the investment needs and the emerging policy issues. While their assessment is seriously constrained by data gaps, they provide useful insights on the main challenges ahead, emphasizing that, in addition to the widely discussed access problems, the poorest also face major affordability and service quality issues which were not well addressed by the reforms of the 1990s. The authors make a case for a stronger commitment of the international community to generate the information needed to assess and monitor infrastructure needs and policies.
Book Synopsis Private Participation in Infrastructure in Developing Countries by : Clive Harris
Download or read book Private Participation in Infrastructure in Developing Countries written by Clive Harris and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Governments have long recognized the vital role that modern infrastructure services play in economic growth and poverty alleviation. For much of the post-Second World War period, most governments entrusted delivery of these services to state-owned monopolies. But in many developing countries, the results were disappointing. Public sector monopolies were plagued by inefficiency. Many were strapped for resources because governments succumbed to populist pressures to hold prices below costs. Fiscal pressures, and the success of the pioneers of the privatization of infrastructure services, provided governments with a new paradigm. Many governments sought to involve the private sector in the provision and financing of infrastructure services. The shift to the private provision that occurred during the 1990s was much more rapid and widespread than had been anticipated at the start of the decade. By 2001, developing countries had seen over $755 billion of investment flows in nearly 2500 infrastructure projects. However, these flows peaked in 1997, and have fallen more or less steadily ever since. These declines have been accompanied by high profile cancellations or renegotiations of some projects, a reduction in investor appetite for these activities and, in some parts of the world, a shift in public opinion against the private provision of infrastructure services. The current sense of disillusionment stands in stark contrast to what should in retrospect be surprise at the spectacular growth of private infrastructure during the 1990s.
Book Synopsis Government Support to Private Infrastructure Projects in Emerging Markets by : Mansoor Dailami
Download or read book Government Support to Private Infrastructure Projects in Emerging Markets written by Mansoor Dailami and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: January 1998 For citizens to reap the full benefits of private investment in infrastructure, infrastructure prices must be high enough to cover costs, and private investors must assume commercial risk. Good macroeconomic policy matters because it affects the credibility of a price regime and especially the trust in currency convertibility essential for foreign investors. Driven by fiscal austerity and disenchantment with the performance of state-provided infrastructure services, many governments have turned to the private sector to build, operate, finance, or own infrastructure in power, gas, water, transport, and telecommunications sectors. Private capital flows to developing countries are increasing rapidly; 15 percent of infrastructure investment is now funded by private capital in emerging markets. But relative to needs, such private investment is progressing slowly. Governments are reluctant to raise consumer prices to cost-covering levels, while investors, mindful of experience, fear that governments may renege on promises to maintain adequate prices over the long haul. So investors ask for government support in the form of grants, preferential tax treatment, debt or equity contributions, or guarantees. These subsidies differ in how they allocate risk between private investors and government. Efficiency gains are greatest when private parties assume the risks that they can manage better than the public sector. When governments establish good policies-especially cost-covering prices and credible commitments to stick to them-investors are willing to invest without special government support. Privatizing assets without government guarantees or other financial support is possible, even where governments are politically unable to raise prices, because investors can achieve the returns they demand by discounting the value of the assets they are purchasing. But this is not possible for new investments (greenfield projects). If prices have been set too low and the government is not willing to raise them, it must give the investor financial support, such as guarantees and other forms of subsidy, to facilitate worthwhile projects that would not otherwise proceed. But guarantees shift costs from consumers to taxpayers, who subsidize users of infrastructure services. Much of that subsidy is hidden, since the government does not record the guarantee in its fiscal accounts. And taxpayers provide unremunerated credit insurance, as the government borrows based on its ability to tax citizens if the project fails, not on the strength of the project itself. This paper-a joint product of the Regulatory Reform and Private Enterprise Division, Economic Development Institute, and the Private Participation in Infrastructure Group-was presented at the conference Managing Government Exposure to Private Infrastructure Projects: Averting a New-Style Debt Crisis, held in Cartagena, Colombia, May 29030, 1997. Mansoor Dailami may be contacted at [email protected].
Book Synopsis Public Infrastructure and Growth by : Pierre-Richard Agénor
Download or read book Public Infrastructure and Growth written by Pierre-Richard Agénor and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper provides an overview of the various channels through which public infrastructure may affect growth. In addition to the conventional productivity, complementarity, and crowding-out effects typically emphasized in the literature, the impact of infrastructure on investment adjustment costs, the durability of private capital, and the production of health and education services are also highlighted. Effects on health and education are well documented in a number of microeconomic studies, but macroeconomists have only recently begun to study their implications for growth. Links between health, infrastructure, and growth are illustrated in an endogenous growth model with transitional dynamics, and the optimal allocation of public expenditure is discussed. The concluding section draws implications of the analysis for the design of strategies aimed at promoting growth and reducing poverty.
Book Synopsis Infrastructuring by : A. Coskun Samli
Download or read book Infrastructuring written by A. Coskun Samli and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-11-12 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recent global financial crisis has intensified concerns over how nations—both developed and developing — can revitalize economic growth and ensure opportunity for prosperity to all citizens. Many analysts and policymakers alike are looking to new business creation and the promotion of entrepreneurial practices as a panacea, or at least as a partial solution. A. Coskun Samli has argued in his two most recent books that the current model of globalization tends to marginalize the poor and that developing countries must rely on local business development, rather than exogenous forces, such as aid, loans, and trade, to catalyze growth. This third book in his trilogy argues that a "bottom-up" approach is necessary for developing countries to participate in globalization—but is not sufficient. He proposes that the economic goals of a country, a region, or a company are fulfilled first and foremost by a properly designed and maintained infrastructure, encompassing both physical elements, such as transportation and communication systems, and qualitative elements, such as functioning educational, legal, and governing institutions. In Infrastructuring, Samli analyzes the experiences of a variety of countries, including China, India, Ireland, and South Africa, to highlight the role that infrastructure plays in economic development, and considers its implications for such timely issues as new business creation, productivity, and supply chain logistics. Moreover, he outlines practical approaches to infrastructure management and policy oversight.
Book Synopsis Private Participation in Infrastructure in Developing Countries by : Clive Harris
Download or read book Private Participation in Infrastructure in Developing Countries written by Clive Harris and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Many of the problems are related to difficulties in sustaining cost-covering user fees for these sectors. This study aims to distill the experience over the last 15 years. The main factors in the growth and subsequent decline are examined. The report assesses the impact that the private provision of infrastructure has had on service delivery and analyzes the consequences for other important goals. Main policy lessons are provided for governments that seek to ensure that the supply of infrastructure services does not become a bottleneck to growth."--BOOK JACKET.
Book Synopsis New Development Assistance by : Yijia Jing
Download or read book New Development Assistance written by Yijia Jing and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-24 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the changing face of development assistance. China's One Belt, One Road development program is the largest international investment scheme in history, surpassing the Marshall Plan by an order of magnitude. In 2017, a group of top scholars from Fudan, the London School of Economics, and other institutions like the Institute of Development Studies, Australian National University, and World Bank gathered to share findings and ideas about the nature of New Development Assistance. A compilation of their findings, this book will be of interest to NGOs, policymakers, and academics.
Book Synopsis The Emerald Handbook of Public-Private Partnerships in Developing and Emerging Economies by : João Leitão
Download or read book The Emerald Handbook of Public-Private Partnerships in Developing and Emerging Economies written by João Leitão and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-07 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook aims to support policy-makers, national governments, national and regional public administrations, PPP officers, practitioners and academia in the design, implementation and assessment of appropriate responses to foster PPPs' uptake in the context of developing and emerging economies.
Book Synopsis Capacity for Development by : Sakiko Fukuda-Parr
Download or read book Capacity for Development written by Sakiko Fukuda-Parr and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2002 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If capacity development initiatives are to have a pivotal role in helping developing countries meet the challenges of the 21st century, it is necessary to take a closer look at the underlying assumptions about the nature of development as a process of societal transformation, of capacity and capacity development, of knowledge and of aid-donor-recipient relationship. This book contains a range of views from practitioners, academics and policy-makers about what has gone right with technical cooperation, what has gone wrong, and how to do it better.
Book Synopsis Infrastructure and Growth in Developing Countries by : Stephane Straub
Download or read book Infrastructure and Growth in Developing Countries written by Stephane Straub and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This paper presents a survey of recent research on the economics of infrastructure in developing countries. Energy, transport, telecommunications, water and sanitation are considered. The survey covers two main set of issues: the linkages between infrastructure and economic growth (at the economy-wide, regional and sectoral level) and the composition, sequencing and efficiency of alternative infrastructure investments, including the arbitrage between new investments and maintenance expenditures; OPEX and CAPEX, and public versus private investment. Following the introduction, section 2 discusses the theoretical foundations (growth theory and new economic geography). Section 3 assesses the analysis of 140 specifications from 64 recent empirical papers-examining type of data used, level of aggregation, econometric techniques and nature of the sample-and discusses both the macro-econometric and micro-econometric contributions of these papers. Finally section 4 discusses directions for future research and suggests priorities in data development.
Book Synopsis Infrastructure Economics and Policy by : Jose A. Gomez-Ibanez
Download or read book Infrastructure Economics and Policy written by Jose A. Gomez-Ibanez and published by . This book was released on 2021-12 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comparison of infrastructure across countries and sectors, leading international academics and practitioners consider the latest approaches to infrastructure policy, implementation, and finance. The book presents evidence-based solutions and policy considerations, essential concepts and economic theories, and a current overview.
Book Synopsis Infrastructure Policy and Inequality by : Michael A. Cohen
Download or read book Infrastructure Policy and Inequality written by Michael A. Cohen and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-04-04 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reframes the purpose of infrastructure from being an input to economic growth to becoming a major instrument in reducing socio-economic inequalities in both industrialized and developing countries. Drawing on global and national lessons of COVID-19 and extensive working experience in 55 countries, this book reviews infrastructure policies and performance over several decades and suggests that the “underperformance” of infrastructure could be improved by more attention to users and the demand side, and thereby contribute to overcoming many obstacles facing low-income communities around the world. This book argues that growth is not a necessary condition for sustainability or social justice, and that both are undermined by structural inequalities which reduce the income and opportunities of urban households. More focus on user needs can substantially change the distribution of benefits and the quality of living conditions of low-income people. It provides a unique theoretical and on-the-ground critique of conventional infrastructure practices while illustrating to readers the many positive experiences around the world. More infrastructure is not enough; different and better is needed. This book reviews World Bank experience in launching a 30-year program to alleviate urban poverty through some 7,000 projects, showing that many significant policy changes have led to a big improvement in global urban policies adopted by national and local governments, yet have failed to significantly address and reduce intra-urban inequalities. The audience for this book includes academics, both faculty and advanced graduate students, while also a wider public interested in the prospects for international development.
