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Elk Calf Mortality Following Wolf Restoration To Yellowstone National Park
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Book Synopsis Elk Calf Mortality Following Wolf Restoration to Yellowstone National Park by : Shannon Michelle Barber-Meyer
Download or read book Elk Calf Mortality Following Wolf Restoration to Yellowstone National Park written by Shannon Michelle Barber-Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A three-year study of the mortality in northern Yellowstone elk calves. Compares results to those of the Singer et al. study conducted from 1987-1990.
Book Synopsis Elk Calf Survival and Mortality Following Wolf Restoration to Yellowstone National Park by : Shannon Michelle Barber-Meyer
Download or read book Elk Calf Survival and Mortality Following Wolf Restoration to Yellowstone National Park written by Shannon Michelle Barber-Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Elk Calf Survival and Mortality Yellowstone National Park by : Shannon Michelle Barber-Meyer
Download or read book Elk Calf Survival and Mortality Yellowstone National Park written by Shannon Michelle Barber-Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We conducted a 3-year study (May 2003?Apr 2006) of mortality of northern Yellowstone elk (Cervus elaphus) calves to determine the cause for the recruitment decline (i.e., 33 calves to 13 calves/100 adult F) following the restoration of wolves (Canis lupus). We captured, fit with radiotransmitters, and evaluated blood characteristics and disease antibody seroprevalence in 151 calves6 days old (68M:83F). Concentrations (x, SE) of potential condition indicators were as follows: thyroxine (T4; 13.8 lg/dL, 0.43), serum urea nitrogen (SUN; 17.4 mg/dL, 0.57), c-glutamyltransferase (GGT; 66.4 IU/L, 4.36), gamma globulins (GG; 1.5 g/dL, 0.07), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1; 253.6 ng/mL, 9.59). Seroprevalences were as follows: brucellosis (Brucella abortus; 3%), bovine-respiratory syncytial virus (3%), bovine-viral-diarrhea virus type 1 (25%), infectious-bovine rhinotracheitis (58%), and bovine parainfluenza-3 (32%). Serum urea nitrogen, GGT, GG, and IGF-1 varied with year; T4, SUN, andGGvaried with age (P 0.01); and SUN varied by capture area (P?0.02). Annual survival was 0.22 (SE?0.035, n?149) and varied by calving area but not year. Neonates captured in the Stephens Creek/Mammoth area of Yellowstone National Park, USA, had annual survival rates .33higher (0.54) than those captured in the Lamar Valley area (0.17), likely due to the higher predator density in Lamar Valley. Summer survival (20 weeks after radiotagging) was 0.29 (SE?0.05, n?116), and calving area, absolute deviation from median birth date, and GG were important predictors of summer survival. Survival during winter (Nov?Apr) was 0.90 (SE?0.05, n?42), and it did not vary by calving area or year. Sixty-nine percent (n?104) of calves died within the first year of life, 24% (n?36) survived their first year, and 7% (n?11) had unknown fates. Grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) and black bears (Ursus americanus) accounted for 58?60% (n ? 60?62) of deaths, and wolves accounted for 14?17% (n ? 15?18). Summer predation (95% of summer deaths) increased, and winter malnutrition (0% of winter deaths) decreased, compared with a similar study during 1987?1990 (72% and 58%, respectively). Physiological factors (e.g., low levels of GG) may predispose calves to predation. Also, the increase in bear numbers since wolf restoration and spatial components finer than the northern range should be considered when trying to determine the causes of the northern Yellowstone elk decline. This is the first study to document the predation impacts from reintroduced wolves on elk calf mortality in an ecosystem already containing established populations of 4 other major predators (i.e., grizzly and black bears, cougars [Puma concolor], and coyotes [Canis latrans]). The results are relevant to resource managers of the Yellowstone ecosystem in understanding the dynamics of the elk population, in providing harvest quota recommendations for local elk hunts to the Montana Department of Fish, Wildlife and Parks, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service regarding wolf and grizzly bear recovery, and to all areas worldwide where predators are increasing, by providing managers with information about potential carnivore impacts on elk populations. -- Abstract.
Book Synopsis Wildlife monographs by : Shannon M. Barber-Meyer
Download or read book Wildlife monographs written by Shannon M. Barber-Meyer and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ecological Issues on Reintroducing Wolves Into Yellowstone National Park by : Robert Sewell Cook
Download or read book Ecological Issues on Reintroducing Wolves Into Yellowstone National Park written by Robert Sewell Cook and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Yellowstone Wolves by : Douglas W. Smith
Download or read book Yellowstone Wolves written by Douglas W. Smith and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-12-28 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This beautifully illustrated volume on the Yellowstone Wolf Project includes an introduction by Jane Goodall and an exclusive online documentary. The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park was one of the greatest wildlife conservation achievements of the twentieth century. Eradicated after the park was first established, these iconic carnivores returned in 1995 when the US government reversed its century-old policy of extermination. In the intervening decades, scientists have built a one-of-a-kind field study of these wolves, their behaviors, and their influence on the entire ecosystem. Yellowstone Wolves tells the incredible story of the Yellowstone Wolf Project, as told by the people behind it. This wide-ranging volume highlights what has been learned in the decades since reintroduction, as well as the unique blend of research techniques used to gain this knowledge. We learn about individual wolves, population dynamics, wolf-prey relationships, genetics, disease, management and policy, and the rippling ecosystem effects wolves have had on Yellowstone’s wild and rare landscape. Featuring a foreword by Jane Goodall, beautiful images, a companion online documentary by celebrated filmmaker Bob Landis, and contributions from more than seventy wolf and wildlife conservation luminaries from Yellowstone and around the world, Yellowstone Wolves is an informative and beautifully realized celebration of the extraordinary Yellowstone Wolf Project.
Book Synopsis Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition by : P. J. White
Download or read book Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition written by P. J. White and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's first national park is constantly changing. How we understand and respond to recent events putting species under stress will determine the future of ecosystems millions of years in the making. Marshaling expertise from over 30 contributors, Yellowstone's Wildlife in Transition examines three primary challenges to the park's ecology.
Book Synopsis Changes in Elk Distribution and Group Sizes After Wolf Restoration by : Patrick James White
Download or read book Changes in Elk Distribution and Group Sizes After Wolf Restoration written by Patrick James White and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in ungulate distribution can alter competitive interactions, plant communities, risks of zoonotic disease transmission, and availability of animals for harvest. We used annual aerial survey data for northern Yellowstone elk in Montana and Wyoming, USA to evaluate factors influencing distribution and group sizes during 1987-2009 in four sectors of elk winter range corresponding to river watersheds with different minimum elevations and snowpacks. Our best logistic regression model suggested the proportion of elk occupying the upper elevation sector decreased following wolf restoration and increased snowpack. The proportion of elk occupying the lower elevation sector increased following wolf restoration and as snowpack increased at higher elevations. Linear regression suggested group sizes increased in the lower elevation sector after wolves were restored. Concurrent demographic and movement studies suggest these changes resulted primarily from the attrition of elk from high snow areas in Yellowstone National Park due to predation, and increased survival and recruitment of elk in lower snow areas outside the Park in Montana following a substantial reduction in hunter harvest. Fitness trade-offs between foraging conditions and the risks of predation (or harvest) as constrained by snow vary considerably among elk populations in the Yellowstone ecosystem.
Book Synopsis Yellowstone Bison by : Patrick James White
Download or read book Yellowstone Bison written by Patrick James White and published by . This book was released on 2015-05 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wolves for Yellowstone?: Research & analysis by : Yellowstone National Park
Download or read book Wolves for Yellowstone?: Research & analysis written by Yellowstone National Park and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vol. 3-4 edited by John D. Varley and Wayne G. Brewster; Sarah E. Broadbent and Renee Evanoff, technical editors.
Book Synopsis The Ecology of Large Mammals in Central Yellowstone by : Robert A. Garrott
Download or read book The Ecology of Large Mammals in Central Yellowstone written by Robert A. Garrott and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2008-11-25 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an authoritative work on the ecology of some of America’s most iconic large mammals in a natural environment - and of the interplay between climate, landscape, and animals in the interior of the world’s first and most famous national park.Central Yellowstone includes the range of one of the largest migratory populations of bison in North America as well as a unique elk herd that remains in the park year round. These populations live in a varied landscape with seasonal and often extreme patterns of climate and food abundance. The reintroduction of wolves into the park a decade ago resulted in scientific and public controversy about the effect of large predators on their prey, a debate closely examined in the book. Introductory chapters describe the geography, geology and vegetation of the ecosystem. The elk and bison are then introduced and their population ecology described both pre- and post– wolf introduction, enabling valuable insights into the demographic and behavioral consequences for their ungulate prey. Subsequent chapters describe the wildlife-human interactions and show how scientific research can inform the debate and policy issues surrounding winter recreation in Yellowstone. The book closes with a discussion of how this ecological knowledge can be used to educate the public, both about Yellowstone itself and about science, ecology and the environment in general. Yellowstone National Park exemplifies some of the currently most hotly debated and high-profile ecological, wildlife management, and environmental policy issues and this book will have broad appeal not only to academic ecologists, but also to natural resource students, managers, biologists, policy makers, administrators and the general public. Unrivalled descriptions of ecological processes in a world famous ecosystem, based on information from 16 years of painstaking field work and collaborations among 66 scientists and technical experts and 15 graduate studies Detailed studies of two charismatic North American herbivore species – elk and bison Description of the restoration of wolves into central Yellowstone and their ecological interactions with their elk and bison prey Illustrated with numerous evocative colour photographs and stunning maps
Book Synopsis Wolves for Yellowstone?: Research and analysis by :
Download or read book Wolves for Yellowstone?: Research and analysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Reintroduction of Top-Order Predators by : Matt W. Hayward
Download or read book Reintroduction of Top-Order Predators written by Matt W. Hayward and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-05-06 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large predators are among the most threatened species on the planet and ways of conserving them in the face of increasing human populations and associated resource requirements are becoming critical. This book draws upon the experiences of some of the world’s foremost large carnivore specialists to discuss the numerous issues associated reintroducing large predators back into their natural habitats. Reviews of internationally renowned reintroduction programs for wolves, European lynx and African wild dog reveal the successes and failures of these actions. Experts on tigers, snow leopards and jaguars contend that there are other conservation options of higher priority that will ensure their security in the long-term. Other experts discuss more theoretical aspects such as whether we know enough about these species to be able to predict their behavioural or ecological response to the reintroduction process. Social, economic, political and genetic considerations are also addressed.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309458315 Total Pages :211 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Revisiting Brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Area by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Revisiting Brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Area written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-30 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brucellosis is a nationally and internationally regulated disease of livestock with significant consequences for animal health, public health, and international trade. In cattle, the primary cause of brucellosis is Brucella abortus, a zoonotic bacterial pathogen that also affects wildlife, including bison and elk. As a result of the Brucellosis Eradication Program that began in 1934, most of the country is now free of bovine brucellosis. The Greater Yellowstone Area (GYA), where brucellosis is endemic in bison and elk, is the last known B. abortus reservoir in the United States. The GYA is home to more than 5,500 bison that are the genetic descendants of the original free-ranging bison herds that survived in the early 1900s, and home to more than 125,000 elk whose habitats are managed through interagency efforts, including the National Elk Refuge and 22 supplemental winter feedgrounds maintained in Wyoming. In 1998 the National Research Council (NRC) issued a report, Brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Area, that reviewed the scientific knowledge regarding B. abortus transmission among wildlifeâ€"particularly bison and elkâ€"and cattle in the GYA. Since the release of the 1998 report, brucellosis has re-emerged in domestic cattle and bison herds in that area. Given the scientific and technological advances in two decades since that first report, Revisiting Brucellosis in the Greater Yellowstone Area explores the factors associated with the increased transmission of brucellosis from wildlife to livestock, the recent apparent expansion of brucellosis in non-feedground elk, and the desire to have science inform the course of any future actions in addressing brucellosis in the GYA.
Book Synopsis Dynamics of Large Herbivore Populations in Changing Environments by : Norman Owen-Smith
Download or read book Dynamics of Large Herbivore Populations in Changing Environments written by Norman Owen-Smith and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-12-18 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to reconcile theoretical models of population dynamics with what is currently known about the population dynamics of large mammalian herbivores. It arose from a working group established at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis at the University of California, Santa Barbara, to address the need for models that better accommodate environmental variability, especially for herbivores dependent on changing vegetation resources. The initial chapter reviews findings from definitive long-term studies of certain other ungulate populations, many based on individually identifiable animals. Other chapters cover climatic influences, emphasising temperate versus tropical contrasts, and demographic processes underlying population dynamics, more generally. There are new assessments of irruptive population dynamics, and of the consequences of landscape heterogeneity for herbivore populations. An initial review of candidate population models is followed up by a final chapter outlining how these models might be modified to better accommodate environmental variability. The contents provide a foundation for resolving problems of diminishing large mammal populations in Africa, over-abundant ungulate populations elsewhere, and general consequences of global change for biodiversity conservation. This book will serve as a definitive outline of what is currently known about the population dynamics of large herbivores.
Book Synopsis Gray Wolves (Canis Lupus) Reintroduction Into Yellowstone National Park (N.P.) and Central Idaho (WY,MT, and ID) by :
Download or read book Gray Wolves (Canis Lupus) Reintroduction Into Yellowstone National Park (N.P.) and Central Idaho (WY,MT, and ID) written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mammals of Colorado, Second Edition by : David M. Armstrong
Download or read book Mammals of Colorado, Second Edition written by David M. Armstrong and published by University Press of Colorado. This book was released on 2011-05-18 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Co-published with the Denver Museum of Nature & Science. Thoroughly revised and updated, Mammals of Colorado, Second Edition is a comprehensive reference on the nine orders and 128 species of Colorado's recent native fauna, detailing each species' description, habitat, distribution, population ecology, diet and foraging, predators and parasites, behavior, reproduction and development, and population status. An introductory chapter on Colorado's environments, a discussion of the development of the fauna over geologic time, and a brief history of human knowledge of Coloradan mammals provide ecological and evolutionary context. The most recent records of the state's diverse species, rich illustrations (including detailed maps, skull drawings, and photographs), and an extensive bibliography make this book a must-have reference. Amateur and professional naturalists, students, vertebrate biologists, and ecologists as well as those involved in conservation and wildlife management in Colorado will find value in this comprehensive volume.
