Electrolytic Separation Factors For Hydrogen Isotopes

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ISBN 13 :
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Download or read book Tritium Separation from Light and Heavy Water by Bipolar Electrolysis written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use of bipolar electrolysis with countercurrent electrolyte flow to separate hydrogen isotopes was investigated for the removal of tritium from light water effluents or from heavy water moderator. Deuterium-tritium and protium-tritium separation factors occurring on a Pd-25% Ag bipolar electrode were measured to be 2.05 to 2.16 and 11.6 to 12.4 respectively, at current densities between 0.21 and 0.50 A cm−2, and at 35 to 90°C. Current densities up to 0.3 A cm−2 have been achieved in continuous operation, at 80 to 90°C, without significant gas formation on the bipolar electrodes. From the measured overvoltage at the bipolar electrodes and the electrolyte conductivity the power consumption per stage was calculated to be 3.0 kwh/kg H2O at 0.2 A cm−2 and 5.0 kwh/kg H2O at 0.5 A cm−2 current density, compared to 6.4 and 8.0 kwh/kg H2O for normal electrolysis. A mathematical model derived for hydrogen isotope separation by bipolar electrolysis, i.e., for a square cascade, accurately describes the results for protium-tritium separation in two laboratory scale, multistage experiments with countercurrent electrolyte flow; the measured tiritum concentration gradient through the cascade agreed with the calculated values.