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Electrodeposited Cds Cdxzn1 Xs And Cdte Thin Films For Solar Cell Application
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Book Synopsis Electrodeposited CdS, CdxZn1-xS and CdTe Thin Films for Solar Cell Application by : Richard John VanderVeen
Download or read book Electrodeposited CdS, CdxZn1-xS and CdTe Thin Films for Solar Cell Application written by Richard John VanderVeen and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Multilayer Solar Cells Based on CdTe Grown from Nitrate Precursor by : Hussein Ismail Salim
Download or read book Multilayer Solar Cells Based on CdTe Grown from Nitrate Precursor written by Hussein Ismail Salim and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electrical Characterization of Electrodeposited N-CdS/p-CdTe Polycrystalline Thin-film Solar Cells by : Roshanak Hakimzadeh
Download or read book Electrical Characterization of Electrodeposited N-CdS/p-CdTe Polycrystalline Thin-film Solar Cells written by Roshanak Hakimzadeh and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advanced Processing of CdTe- and CuIn[subscript 1-x]Ga[subscript x]Se2-Based Solar Cells: Final Technical Report, 26 May 1998-22 December 2001 by : Don Louis Morel
Download or read book Advanced Processing of CdTe- and CuIn[subscript 1-x]Ga[subscript x]Se2-Based Solar Cells: Final Technical Report, 26 May 1998-22 December 2001 written by Don Louis Morel and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2003 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solar Cells Based on Electrodeposited Thin Films of ZnS, CdS, CdSSe and CdTe by : Ajith R. Weerasinghe
Download or read book Solar Cells Based on Electrodeposited Thin Films of ZnS, CdS, CdSSe and CdTe written by Ajith R. Weerasinghe and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin-film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Technical Report by :
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin-film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past year, Colorado School of Mines (CSM) researchers performed systematic studies of the growth and properties of electrodeposition CdS and back-contact formation using Cu-doped ZnTe, with an emphasis on low Cu concentrations. CSM also started to explore the stability of its ZnTe-Cu contacted CdTe solar cells. Researchers investigated the electrodeposition of CdS and its application in fabricating CdTe/CdS solar cells. The experimental conditions they explored in this study were pH from 2.0 to 3.0; temperatures of 80 and 90 C; CdCl2 concentration of 0.2 M; deposition potential from -550 to -600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl electrode; [Na2S2O4] concentration between 0.005 and 0.05 M. The deposition rate increases with increase of the thiosulfate concentration and decrease of solution pH. Researchers also extended their previous research of ZnTe:Cu films by investigating films doped with low Cu concentrations (
Book Synopsis CdTe/CdS Thin Film Solar Cells Fabricated on Flexible Substrates by : Vasilios Palekis
Download or read book CdTe/CdS Thin Film Solar Cells Fabricated on Flexible Substrates written by Vasilios Palekis and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) is a leading thin film photovoltaic (PV) material due to its near ideal bandgap of 1.45 eV and its high optical absorption coefficient. The typical CdTe thin film solar cell is of the superstrate configuration where a window layer (CdS), the absorber (CdTe) and a back contact are deposited onto glass coated with a transparent electrode. Substrate CdTe solar cells where the above listed films are deposited in reverse are not common. In this study substrate CdTe solar cells are fabricated on flexible foils. The properties of the Molybdenum back contact, Zinc Telluride (ZnTe) interlayer and CdTe absorber on the flexible foils were studied and characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Substrate curvature and film flaking was observed during the fabrication as a result of differences in thermal expansion coefficients between the substrate and the deposited films, and also due to impurity diffusion from the foil into the film stack. In order to overcome this problem diffusion barriers where used to eliminate contamination. Silicon dioxide (SiO2), silicon nitride (Si3N4) and molybdenum nitride (MoxNy) were used as such barriers. Electrical characterization of completed devices was carried out by Current-Voltage (J-V), Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) and Spectral Response (SR) measurements. Roll-over was observed in the first quadrant of J-V curves indicating the existence of a back barrier due to a Schottky back contact. The formation of non-rectifying contact to p-CdTe thin-film is one of the major and critical challenges associated with the fabrication of efficient and stable solar cells. Several materials (ZnTe, Cu, Cu2Te, and Te) were studied as potential candidates for the formation of an effective back contact.
Book Synopsis Thin Film Solar Cells Using All-electrodeposited ZnS, CdS and CdTe Materials by : Obi Kingsley Echendu
Download or read book Thin Film Solar Cells Using All-electrodeposited ZnS, CdS and CdTe Materials written by Obi Kingsley Echendu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis High Efficiency Ultra Thin Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) Solar Cells by : Nowshad Amin
Download or read book High Efficiency Ultra Thin Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) Solar Cells written by Nowshad Amin and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film cadmium telluride absorbers with cadmium sulphide hetero-junction partner are promising candidates for high efficiency low cost solutions of solar energy harvesting devices. These devices have band gaps well-suited for effective absorption of sunlight. Most importantly, the materials used in these devices can be deposited in a variety of industry-friendly ways, so that the cost associated with manufacturing is generally lower than other available technologies. Although poly-crystalline CdS has been found to be the best suited heterojunction partner for CdTe solar cell, the conventional polycrystalline CdS/CdTe cell has few issues that limit device performance. In order to overcome these problems, this study proposes the introduction of poly-CdS to amorphous oxygenated CdS (a-CdS: O) as window layer. The a-CdS: O window material has higher optical band gap (2.5-3.1 eV), better lattice match with CdTe absorber materials and reduced inter-diffusion tendency of CdS and CdTe layers. This book systematically demonstrates the conversion process of poly CdS to a-CdS: O and develops a strategy for the fabrication of suitable a-CdS: O layer to be applied in CdTe solar ce
Book Synopsis Processing of CdS/CdTe Solar Cell and the Growth Model of CdTe Thin Film by : Guogen Liu
Download or read book Processing of CdS/CdTe Solar Cell and the Growth Model of CdTe Thin Film written by Guogen Liu and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cadmium telluride is the only thin film photovoltaic (PV) technology to surpass crystalline silicon PV in the cost. The most common CdTe solar cells consist of a simple p-n heterojunction structure containing a p-doped CdTe layer and n-doped cadmium sulfide (CdS) layer, which acts as a window layer. Cadmium Sulfide (CdS) thin films are often deposited on glass substrates coated with TCO layers by the close-spaced sublimation (CSS) or sputter techniques in industrial because of in-line production integration. It is seldom reported that CdS is deposited by the chemical bath deposition (CBD) batch process. The bottleneck of CBD for commercial application is its low production rate and waste water treatment. This dissertation reports how to produce different thickness large area (100cm2) CdS thin film by CBD. The influence of the solution temperature and concentration on the thickness of CdS is investigated. This dissertation also reports a growth model for CdTe deposition including diffusion limited and sublimation limited. The model was consistent with experimental observations and showed very good agreement over a range of operating conditions.
Book Synopsis Electrochemical Deposition of Cadmium-tellurium Thin Films for Solar Cell Applications by : Omar E. Abdel-Salam
Download or read book Electrochemical Deposition of Cadmium-tellurium Thin Films for Solar Cell Applications written by Omar E. Abdel-Salam and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The near-ideal value of the energy gap and the high optical absorption coefficient of CdTe suggest that this material can be used for fabricating high-efficiency solar cells. Thin films of CdTe can be prepared by vacuum evaporation, chemical vapor deposition, spraying and electrodeposition, with electrodeposition being the most convienient for adaption to industrial-scale production. In this paper the electrodeposit is discussed in relation to operating parameters such as current density, temperature and stirring. The economics of the electrodeposition technique are also presented.
Book Synopsis Emerging Materials for Solar Cell Applications by :
Download or read book Emerging Materials for Solar Cell Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thin film gold/polycrystalline cadmium telluride Schottky solar cells made by electrodepositing the semiconductor on an ITO-coated glass substrate serving also as an ohmic contact demonstrated an internal efficiency of 4% over 2 mm2 areas. During the year being reported upon, Monosolar devoted mator attention to refining the electroplating process and determining the parameters governing CdTe film stoichiometry, grain size, substrate adhesion, and quality. UCLA acting as a Monosolar sub-contractor characterized both the CdTe films themselves and solar cells made from them. Techniques were developed for making measurements on films often less than 1 micron in thickness. The highest values achieved for efficiency parameters, not necessarily all in the same cell, were V/sub oc/ = 0.5 V, J/sub sc/ = 11 mA/cm2, and fill factor = 0.55 before corrections in the absence of anti-reflection coatings. Typical resistivities for n-CdTe films were 105 .cap omega.-cm. Lifetimes of about 10−1° sec were measured. Absorption coefficient of these films is in the order of 104 for lambda
Book Synopsis CdTe and Related Compounds; Physics, Defects, Hetero- and Nano-structures, Crystal Growth, Surfaces and Applications by :
Download or read book CdTe and Related Compounds; Physics, Defects, Hetero- and Nano-structures, Crystal Growth, Surfaces and Applications written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-11-11 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost thirty years after the remarkable monograph of K. Zanio and the numerous conferences and articles dedicated since that time to CdTe and CdZnTe, after all the significant progresses in that field and the increasing interest in these materials for several extremely attractive industrial applications, such as nuclear detectors and solar cells, the edition of a new enriched and updated monograph dedicated to these two very topical II-VI semiconductor compounds, covering all their most prominent, modern and fundamental aspects, seemed very relevant and useful. - Detailed coverage of the main topics associated with the very topical II-VI semiconductor compound CdTe and its alloy CZT - Review of the CdTe recent developments - Fundamental background of many topics clearly introduced and exposed
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Technical Report, 20 March 1995--19 March 1996 by :
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition. Annual Technical Report, 20 March 1995--19 March 1996 written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this project is to develop improved processes for fabricating CdTe/CdS polycrystalline thin-film solar cells. Researchers used electrodeposition to form CdTe; electrodeposition is a non-vacuum, low-cost technique that is attractive for economic, large-scale production. During the past year, research and development efforts focused on several steps that are most critical to the fabricating high-efficiency CdTe solar cells. These include the optimization of the CdTe electrodeposition process, the effect of pretreatment of CdS substrates, the post-deposition annealing of CdTe, and back-contact formation using Cu-doped ZnTe. Systematic investigations of these processing steps have led to a better understanding and improved performance of the CdTe-based cells. Researchers studied the structural properties of chemical-bath-deposited CdS thin films and their growth mechanisms by investigating CdS samples prepared at different deposition times; investigated the effect of CdCl2 treatment of CdS films on the photovoltaic performance of CdTe solar cells; studied Cu-doped ZnTe as a promising material for forming stable, low-resistance contacts to the p-type CdTe; and investigated the effect of CdTe and CdS thickness on the photovoltaic performance of the resulting cells. As a result of their systematic investigation and optimization of the processing conditions, researchers improved the efficiency of CdTe/CdS cells using ZnTe back-contact and electrodeposited CdTe. The best CdTe/CdS cell exhibited a V{sub oc} of 0.778 V, a J{sub sc} of 22.4 mA/cm2, a FF of 74%, and an efficiency of 12.9% (verified at NREL). In terms of individual parameters, researchers obtained a V{sub oc} over 0.8 V and a FF of 76% on other cells.
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition by : John U. Trefny
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition written by John U. Trefny and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past year, Colorado School of Mines (CSM) researchers performed systematic studies of the growth and properties of electrodeposition CdS and back-contact formation using Cu-doped ZnTe, with an emphasis on low Cu concentrations. CSM also started to explore the stability of its ZnTe-Cu contacted CdTe solar cells. Researchers investigated the electrodeposition of CdS and its application in fabricating CdTe/CdS solar cells. The experimental conditions they explored in this study were pH from 2.0 to 3.0; temperatures of 80 and 90 deg. C; CdCl2 concentration of 0.2 M; deposition potential from -550 to -600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl electrode; [Na2S2O4] concentration between 0.005 and 0.05 M. The deposition rate increases with increase of the thiosulfate concentration and decrease of solution pH. Researchers also extended their previous research of ZnTe:Cu films by investigating films doped with low Cu concentrations (
Book Synopsis Polycrystalline Thin-film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition by : John U. Trefny
Download or read book Polycrystalline Thin-film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cells Fabricated by Electrodeposition written by John U. Trefny and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past year, Colorado School of Mines (CSM) researchers performed systematic studies of the growth and properties of electrodeposition CdS and back-contact formation using Cu-doped ZnTe, with an emphasis on low Cu concentrations. CSM also started to explore the stability of its ZnTe-Cu contacted CdTe solar cells. Researchers investigated the electrodeposition of CdS and its application in fabricating CdTe/CdS solar cells. The experimental conditions they explored in this study were pH from 2.0 to 3.0; temperatures of 80 and 90 deg. C; CdCl2 concentration of 0.2 M; deposition potential from -550 to -600 mV vs. Ag/AgCl electrode; [Na2S2O4] concentration between 0.005 and 0.05 M. The deposition rate increases with increase of the thiosulfate concentration and decrease of solution pH. Researchers also extended their previous research of ZnTe:Cu films by investigating films doped with low Cu concentrations (
Book Synopsis Properties of Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Used in Cadmium Telluride/cadmium Sulfide Solar Cell by : Xiawa Wu
Download or read book Properties of Thin Film Cadmium Sulfide Used in Cadmium Telluride/cadmium Sulfide Solar Cell written by Xiawa Wu and published by ProQuest. This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CdTe/CdS solar cell is one of the promising low cost high efficiency thin film solar cells. In this work, thin film CdS properties and the effect of CdS surface conditions on CdTe growth and performance of polycrystalline CdTe/CdS thin film solar cells are investigated. Thin film CdS optical, structural and chemical properties both as deposited and after CdCl 2 heat treatment are measured. CdS surface chemical state is studied by analyzing its surface chemistry after different surface treatments. Qualitative and quantitative measurements indicate sulfate and sulfite phases on thin film CdS surfaces as well as single crystal CdS, caused by oxidation in the air. The degree of CdS oxidation is highly dependent on thermal treatment ambient, temperature and time. Results indicate reduction in grain size and smoother morphology for CdTe deposited on heavily oxidized CdS compared to chemically reduced CdS surface. Solar cell open circuit voltage is much lower on cells with heavily oxidized CdS surface.
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