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Electro Optic Photonic Integrated Circuits For Radio Frequency Multiplication And Translation
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Book Synopsis Electro-Optic Photonic Integrated Circuits for Radio Frequency Multiplication and Translation by : Gazi Mahamud Hasan
Download or read book Electro-Optic Photonic Integrated Circuits for Radio Frequency Multiplication and Translation written by Gazi Mahamud Hasan and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ever-growing data traffic and super broadband services demanded by the end users have led the wireless communication network to undergo rapid development in terms of capacity, bandwidth, cost and mobility. The low-power, mature lower frequency bands are already congested and offer small capacity in wireless communication. On the other hand, the high capacity high frequency wireless system is inherently power hungry, costly and imposes complicated coverage schemes. This bottleneck has introduced the radio-over-fiber (RoF) system as a viable solution for broadband wireless access networks. The aim of this thesis is to address two major aspects of a broadband wireless access network using a distributed antenna system complemented by a digital coherent optical RoF link: the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) carrier generation at downlink and efficient single sideband (SSB) modulation at uplink and their configuration in electro-optic photonic integrated circuit format. An optical path tracing method is proposed to transform any photonic circuit consisting of linear and time invariant optical components to its parallel counterpart comprising a collection of optical paths, each characterized by the transmission response of the element within it. This method is exploited to address the functionality of a photonic frequency multiplication circuit with a multiplication factor of eight where the time variance is handled by a focus on pure RF carriers and the Jacobi-Anger expansion. The series architecture consisting of four Mach-Zehnder modulator enables its application in a low RF drive condition with similar performance when compared to different functionally equivalent architectures. The concept of a frequency multiplication circuit as a stable, tunable means of millimeter-wave generation can be extended to incorporate polarization modulators instead of conventional Mach-Zehnder modulators due to the fact that the cascade of polarization modulator and polarizer provides an intensity modulator whose biasing condition can be set by the polarizer angle and polarization state of the input light to each polarization modulator. The employment of polarization modulator can avoid DC bias drift and feasible discrete component implementation can be achieved which is important in a research environment to establish the proof of concept. One of the circuits can access the millimeter-wave band for a wide range of modulation index; the other circuit can offer a RF power advantage in a moderate range of modulation index. Both circuits can provide a multiplication factor of eight which enables a low RF frequency source requirement. Simulation using industry standard software tools are used to validate theoretical predictions of the abovementioned circuits and their robustness against non-ideal factors are analyzed. In addition, the frequency translation property of a single sideband modulator based on a generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure consisting of four Mach-Zehnder modulator in parallel is experimentally demonstrated. The multi-functional photonic circuit fabricated on silicon on insulator platform can provide sub-carrier generation, in-phase and quadrature (IQ) modulation and frequency multiplication functionalities in addition to the frequency conversion. The selection of the function is determined by the biasing condition of the modulators and RF drive specification which can be controlled externally. The employment of the multimode interference splitter/combiner can offer DC bias less operation due to its intrinsic phase relationship among the ports providing the necessary optical phase shift. Spatial separation of the up- and down-converted optical output opens the door for remote heterodyning operation. A carrier suppression of >20 dB and spurious sideband suppression > 12 dB relative to the principle harmonics is achieved when the circuit is operated as a frequency shifter with bias voltage tuning only. The generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometer structure can be extended to support in-phase and quadrature modulation for any number of constituent phase modulators, which provide a general theory of in-phase and quadrature modulation. From this theory, the lowest dimension of the interferometer structure is found to be three which implies that a three phase modulator structure, in contrast to the orthodox four phase modulator structure, can provide in-phase and quadrature modulation when the drive signals to the phase modulators are linear combinations of in phase and quadrature component of the signal. A system simulation is used to validate its operation as an in phase and quadrature and single sideband modulator.
Book Synopsis Optical Integrated Circuits by : Hiroshi Nishihara
Download or read book Optical Integrated Circuits written by Hiroshi Nishihara and published by McGraw Hill Professional. This book was released on 1989 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An ideal text-reference for professionals and students in electrical engineering, electro-optic engineering, and computer chip design..."--back cover.
Book Synopsis High-speed Silicon Electro-optic Modulator for Electronic Photonic Integrated Circuits by : Fuwan Gan
Download or read book High-speed Silicon Electro-optic Modulator for Electronic Photonic Integrated Circuits written by Fuwan Gan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (cont.) The excellent optical and carrier confinement possible in high-index contrast waveguide devices, together with the forward biased operation and the good thermal heat sinking due to the silicon slab close to the waveguide, enables high speed modulation with small signal modulation bandwidths beyond 20GHz, a V, times length figure of merit of V, - L = 0.5Vcm and an insertion loss of about 5.3 dB. Finally, all-optical switches based on optical carrier-injection in high index contrast Si/Si02 split-ridge-waveguide (SRW) couplers are proposed. The waveguide devices are suitable for the construction of low-loss optical switch matrices as well as fast optical switching. These devices exhibit robustness against fabrication tolerances, improved heat sinking, good carrier confinement and high uniformity in transmission over the entire C-band of optical communications in contrast to comparable devices based on buried or ridge waveguides. A reasonably low electrical switching power of 1-10mW is predicted for switching frequencies in the 1MHz-1GHz range. Faster switching speed can be achieved by carrier lifetime reduction.
Book Synopsis Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits by :
Download or read book Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Partial Contents: Progress in normal incidence III-V quantum well infrared photodetectors. Technologies for large scale IaP based optoelectronic integrated circuits. GaAs/AIGaAs traveling-wave electro-optic modulators. Modeling and simulation of optoelectronic multichip modules using VHDL. Progress in optoelectronic polymers and devices.
Book Synopsis Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits by :
Download or read book Optoelectronic Integrated Circuits written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Materials and Devices for Optical Switching and Modulation of Photonic Integrated Circuits by : Dilan Anuradha Seneviratne
Download or read book Materials and Devices for Optical Switching and Modulation of Photonic Integrated Circuits written by Dilan Anuradha Seneviratne and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Cont.) VO2 was shown to exhibit an activated mobility in its semiconducting and "metallic" phases with room temperature mobility estimated to be 5x10-2 cm2/Vs. Electrical switch contrasts of of as high as -5000 and optical extinction ratios of approximately 16 dB were demonstrated. Free carrier absorption due to shallow donor vanadium interstitials was identified as a dominant absorption mechanism at near-IR wavelengths. Control of the degree of nonstoichiometry was shown to influence the near-IR absorption effects. To address the need for an integrated fast switch for data encoding, a thin film electro-optic (E-O) modulator, based on barium titanate (BaTiO3) or barium titanate-strontium titanate (SrTiO3) superlattices, was developed. Mach-Zhender E-O modulators were designed, fabricated with CMOS compatible processing steps and tested. Effective electro-optic values as high as 73pmN/V, 2.5 times better performance compared to commercial bulk LiNbO3 technology was demonstrated, with device area less than 30,000 [mu]2.
Book Synopsis Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Technology for Electro-optic Applications by :
Download or read book Very High Speed Integrated Circuit (VHSIC) Technology for Electro-optic Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Photonic Integrated Circuit Architecture for Radio-over-Fibre Applications by : Mehedi Hasan
Download or read book Photonic Integrated Circuit Architecture for Radio-over-Fibre Applications written by Mehedi Hasan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the research presented in this thesis is to develop photonic integrated circuit (PIC) for Radio-over-Fiber (RoF) application. As such, at the beginning of the thesis, a dual-function photonic integrated circuit for microwave photonic applications is proposed. The photonic circuit is arranged to have two separate output ports, and depending upon the RF input signal strength, it provides either tunable millimeter wave carriers by frequency octo-tupling of the RF signal or frequency up-conversion of a microwave signal from the electrical to the optical domain. The circuit exploits the intrinsic relative phases between the ports of multi-mode interference couplers (MMI) to provide all the static optical phases needed, hence drift free. In the middle of thesis, a generalized architecture having N parallel phase modulators driven electrically with a progressive phase shift is analyzed. The proposed design is justified by computer simulation for N=8 architecture with properly determined optical phase shifts to generate frequency multiplication of an electrical signal. The front- and back-end of the circuit comprises MMI couplers enclosing an array of four pairs of phase modulators and MMI couplers. The proposed design for frequency multiplication requires no optical or electrical filters; the operation is not limited to carefully adjusted modulation indexes. Later on, a generalized approach for achieving frequency multiplication using two cascades MZM is presented. The proposed design consists of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with each arm containing a pair of Mach-Zehnder modulators (MZM) in series as a means of optoelectronic frequency multiplication (octo-tupling and quattourviginti-tupling). The circuit requires no electrical or optical filters. There is no requirement to carefully adjust the modulation index to achieve correct operation of the octo-tupler. A comparison is made with an alternative functionally equivalent single-stage parallel MZM circuit discussed herein the thesis. Finally, the thesis describes the generation of the same magnitude but opposite sign high order single optical side band from its output ports by using a RF source. A single stage parallel Mach-Zehnder Modulator (MZM) and a two-stage series parallel MZM architecture is described and their relative merits and demerits discussed. As an illustration of a prospective application it is shown how the circuit may be used to transport radio signals over fibre for wireless access; generating remotely a mm-wave carrier modulated by digital IQ data. A detail calculation of symbol error rate is presented to iii characterise the system performance. A mathematical analysis is provided to describe the principle of operation for all the proposed design and validated by commercially available industrial standard simulation tool.
Book Synopsis Optical Switching by : Tarek S. El-Bawab
Download or read book Optical Switching written by Tarek S. El-Bawab and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-11 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applications of optical switching in network elements and communication networks are discussed in considerable depth. Optical circuits, packet, and burst switching are all included. Composed of distinct self-contained chapters with minimum overlaps and independent references. Provides up-to-date comprehensive coverage of optical switching, technologies, devices, systems and networks. Discusses applications of optical switching in network elements and communications networks.
Book Synopsis Neuromorphic Photonics by : Paul R. Prucnal
Download or read book Neuromorphic Photonics written by Paul R. Prucnal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-05-08 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book sets out to build bridges between the domains of photonic device physics and neural networks, providing a comprehensive overview of the emerging field of "neuromorphic photonics." It includes a thorough discussion of evolution of neuromorphic photonics from the advent of fiber-optic neurons to today’s state-of-the-art integrated laser neurons, which are a current focus of international research. Neuromorphic Photonics explores candidate interconnection architectures and devices for integrated neuromorphic networks, along with key functionality such as learning. It is written at a level accessible to graduate students, while also intending to serve as a comprehensive reference for experts in the field.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Microwave Photonics by : V. J. Urick
Download or read book Fundamentals of Microwave Photonics written by V. J. Urick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-06 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive resource to designing and constructing analog photonic links capable of high RF performance Fundamentals of Microwave Photonics provides a comprehensive description of analog optical links from basic principles to applications. The book is organized into four parts. The first begins with a historical perspective of microwave photonics, listing the advantages of fiber optic links and delineating analog vs. digital links. The second section covers basic principles associated with microwave photonics in both the RF and optical domains. The third focuses on analog modulation formats—starting with a concept, deriving the RF performance metrics from basic physical models, and then analyzing issues specific to each format. The final part examines applications of microwave photonics, including analog receive-mode systems, high-power photodiodes applications, radio astronomy, and arbitrary waveform generation. Covers fundamental concepts including basic treatments of noise, sources of distortion and propagation effects Provides design equations in easy-to-use forms as quick reference Examines analog photonic link architectures along with their application to RF systems A thorough treatment of microwave photonics, Fundamentals of Microwave Photonics will be an essential resource in the laboratory, field, or during design meetings. The authors have more than 55 years of combined professional experience in microwave photonics and have published more than 250 associated works.
Book Synopsis Photonic Crystals by : John D. Joannopoulos
Download or read book Photonic Crystals written by John D. Joannopoulos and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2011-10-30 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since it was first published in 1995, Photonic Crystals has remained the definitive text for both undergraduates and researchers on photonic band-gap materials and their use in controlling the propagation of light. This newly expanded and revised edition covers the latest developments in the field, providing the most up-to-date, concise, and comprehensive book available on these novel materials and their applications. Starting from Maxwell's equations and Fourier analysis, the authors develop the theoretical tools of photonics using principles of linear algebra and symmetry, emphasizing analogies with traditional solid-state physics and quantum theory. They then investigate the unique phenomena that take place within photonic crystals at defect sites and surfaces, from one to three dimensions. This new edition includes entirely new chapters describing important hybrid structures that use band gaps or periodicity only in some directions: periodic waveguides, photonic-crystal slabs, and photonic-crystal fibers. The authors demonstrate how the capabilities of photonic crystals to localize light can be put to work in devices such as filters and splitters. A new appendix provides an overview of computational methods for electromagnetism. Existing chapters have been considerably updated and expanded to include many new three-dimensional photonic crystals, an extensive tutorial on device design using temporal coupled-mode theory, discussions of diffraction and refraction at crystal interfaces, and more. Richly illustrated and accessibly written, Photonic Crystals is an indispensable resource for students and researchers. Extensively revised and expanded Features improved graphics throughout Includes new chapters on photonic-crystal fibers and combined index-and band-gap-guiding Provides an introduction to coupled-mode theory as a powerful tool for device design Covers many new topics, including omnidirectional reflection, anomalous refraction and diffraction, computational photonics, and much more.
Book Synopsis Springer Handbook of Optical Networks by : Biswanath Mukherjee
Download or read book Springer Handbook of Optical Networks written by Biswanath Mukherjee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 1169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook is an authoritative, comprehensive reference on optical networks, the backbone of today’s communication and information society. The book reviews the many underlying technologies that enable the global optical communications infrastructure, but also explains current research trends targeted towards continued capacity scaling and enhanced networking flexibility in support of an unabated traffic growth fueled by ever-emerging new applications. The book is divided into four parts: Optical Subsystems for Transmission and Switching, Core Networks, Datacenter and Super-Computer Networking, and Optical Access and Wireless Networks. Each chapter is written by world-renown experts that represent academia, industry, and international government and regulatory agencies. Every chapter provides a complete picture of its field, from entry-level information to a snapshot of the respective state-of-the-art technologies to emerging research trends, providing something useful for the novice who wants to get familiar with the field to the expert who wants to get a concise view of future trends.
Book Synopsis Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications by : Jun Ye
Download or read book Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications written by Jun Ye and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-15 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few years, there has been a convergence between the fields of ultrafast science, nonlinear optics, optical frequency metrology, and precision laser spectroscopy. These fields have been developing largely independently since the birth of the laser, reaching remarkable levels of performance. On the ultrafast frontier, pulses of only a few cycles long have been produced, while in optical spectroscopy, the precision and resolution have reached one part in Although these two achievements appear to be completely disconnected, advances in nonlinear optics provided the essential link between them. The resulting convergence has enabled unprecedented advances in the control of the electric field of the pulses produced by femtosecond mode-locked lasers. The corresponding spectrum consists of a comb of sharp spectral lines with well-defined frequencies. These new techniques and capabilities are generally known as “femtosecond comb technology. ” They have had dramatic impact on the diverse fields of precision measurement and extreme nonlinear optical physics. The historical background for these developments is provided in the Foreword by two of the pioneers of laser spectroscopy, John Hall and Theodor Hänsch. Indeed the developments described in this book were foreshadowed by Hänsch’s early work in the 1970s when he used picosecond pulses to demonstrate the connection between the time and frequency domains in laser spectroscopy. This work complemented the advances in precision laser stabilization developed by Hall.
Download or read book Galileo Unbound written by David D. Nolte and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Galileo Unbound traces the journey that brought us from Galileo's law of free fall to today's geneticists measuring evolutionary drift, entangled quantum particles moving among many worlds, and our lives as trajectories traversing a health space with thousands of dimensions. Remarkably, common themes persist that predict the evolution of species as readily as the orbits of planets or the collapse of stars into black holes. This book tells the history of spaces of expanding dimension and increasing abstraction and how they continue today to give new insight into the physics of complex systems. Galileo published the first modern law of motion, the Law of Fall, that was ideal and simple, laying the foundation upon which Newton built the first theory of dynamics. Early in the twentieth century, geometry became the cause of motion rather than the result when Einstein envisioned the fabric of space-time warped by mass and energy, forcing light rays to bend past the Sun. Possibly more radical was Feynman's dilemma of quantum particles taking all paths at once — setting the stage for the modern fields of quantum field theory and quantum computing. Yet as concepts of motion have evolved, one thing has remained constant, the need to track ever more complex changes and to capture their essence, to find patterns in the chaos as we try to predict and control our world.
Book Synopsis Electromagnetic Noise and Quantum Optical Measurements by : Hermann A. Haus
Download or read book Electromagnetic Noise and Quantum Optical Measurements written by Hermann A. Haus and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the reviews: "Haus’ book provides numerous insights on topics of wide importance, and contains much material not available elsewhere in book form. [...] an indispensable resource for those working in quantum optics or electronics." Optics & Photonics News
Book Synopsis Laser Radar by : National Research Council
Download or read book Laser Radar written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-03-14 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today's world, the range of technologies with the potential to threaten the security of U.S. military forces is extremely broad. These include developments in explosive materials, sensors, control systems, robotics, satellite systems, and computing power, to name just a few. Such technologies have not only enhanced the capabilities of U.S. military forces, but also offer enhanced offensive capabilities to potential adversaries - either directly through the development of more sophisticated weapons, or more indirectly through opportunities for interrupting the function of defensive U.S. military systems. Passive and active electro-optical (EO) sensing technologies are prime examples. Laser Radar considers the potential of active EO technologies to create surprise; i.e., systems that use a source of visible or infrared light to interrogate a target in combination with sensitive detectors and processors to analyze the returned light. The addition of an interrogating light source to the system adds rich new phenomenologies that enable new capabilities to be explored. This report evaluates the fundamental, physical limits to active EO sensor technologies with potential military utility; identifies key technologies that may help overcome the impediments within a 5-10 year timeframe; considers the pros and cons of implementing each existing or emerging technology; and evaluates the potential uses of active EO sensing technologies, including 3D mapping and multi-discriminate laser radar technologies.
