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Electrical Properties Of Some Single Crystal Dodecaborides
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Book Synopsis Electrical Properties of Some Single Crystal Dodecaborides /|nby Jyoti Burte. -- 260 St. Catharines [Ont by : Jyoti Burte
Download or read book Electrical Properties of Some Single Crystal Dodecaborides /|nby Jyoti Burte. -- 260 St. Catharines [Ont written by Jyoti Burte and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Electrical Properties of Some Single Crystal Dodecaborides by : Jyoti Burte
Download or read book Electrical Properties of Some Single Crystal Dodecaborides written by Jyoti Burte and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PreVi011.3 ':i or~ : indicat e('. tk~t ho t~)rE's sed ~-Al B 12 1i~2, ~' a semiconductor. r:Toreove r , the s i mpl.(~ electronic t heory also indi cates that ~ -AIB1 2 should be a semico nductor, since thf're is one nonbonding e 'Le ctrofl per AlB12- uni t. JPor these reasons, we decided to measure t he electrical n ropert i ~ s of ~ -AlB1 2 single crystal s . Singl e crystal s of¥- AIB 12 ab ou t 1 x 1 r1n1 . size were grown from a copper mel t at 12500 C. The melt technique coupled. 1,vi th slow cooling vilas used because of i ts advantages such as : siTYInle set- up of the expe rimon t ; only e ;l.sil y available c hemi cals are required and it i s a c omparatively strair::bt forvvard y,le t hod still yielding crystal s big enouGh for OtU' purpose . Copper rms used as a solvent , i nst8ad of previOl.wly used aluminum , because it allows c.l.'ystal growth at hig he r t emneratures. HovlGver, the cry s tals of ] -AlB12 shm'red very hi gh res i s t ance a t r oom temperature . From our neasureJ'lents we conclude that the r esistivity of j3- Al B12 is, at least, given as ~ = 4. x 107 oblD .em •• Those results are inc ons i s t ent wi 'uh the ones .. reported by IIiss Khin fo r bot- pressed j3-AlB12 g i ven a s = 7600 ohm . em . or I e s s . ' Since tbe hot pressing was done at about 800 - ' 9000C i n ~ rap hi te moul ds 1,7i th 97% AlB12- p oVJder, vie thi nk there is pas s ib i 1 i ty th a.t lower borides or borot] carbide are , being formed, ':.Jhich are k11 own to be good semiconductors . v7e tried to ro-pe r-AlB12 by addi'J,'?: agents s uch as l:Ig , IG.-InO 4. ' HgS04 , KI12PO 4·' etc. to t he melt .. However , all these re age 11 t eel either reduced the yield and size of t lJe crystals or r;ave crystals of high r esis'can ce again. We think tba t molten copper keeps t he i mpurities off . There is also a pos s i bil i ty t hc:!,t these doping agents get oxidi~::;ed at '1 250°C • Hence, we co ~ clud e that J -AIB12 has v~ ry high r es i stance at r oom temperature . This was a l s o C011 - fi rmed by checki ng the siYlgle and. polycrystals of .~-AIB12 from Norton Co., Ontario and Cooper Nletallurgical Association. Boron carbide has been reported to be a semiconductor with ~ - 0.3 to 0.8 ohm . cm. for hotpres sed s araples. Boron carbide b e inq: struct urally related to ¥-AIB12 , we de cided to study the electrical prone rties of it~ Single crystals. These crystals were cut from a Single melt grovvn crystal a t Norton Co., Ontario. The resistivity of th," se crystal s was measured by the Van der Pam-v' s ~ nethod, which \vas very c onvenient fo r our crystal sha-pp.s. Some of the crystals showed resistivity ~ == 0.50 ob,Tn.cr] . i n agreement with the previously reported results . However , a few crystals showed lower resistivity e.g . 0 .13 and 0.20 ohm.cra • • The Hall mobility could .not be measured and th8reiore i s lower than 0 .16 em 2 v - 1 sec -1 • This is in agreement \vith t he re1)orted Hall mobility for pyrolytic boron . _ 2 -1 -1 carbide as 0.13 cm v sec • We also studied the orientation of the boron carbide crystals by the Jjaue-method. The inclination of c-axis with res pect to x-ray be81Il was det ermined . This was found to be 100 t o 20° f or normal resistivity sarnples (0.5 ohm . cm.) and 27 - 30° for t he lower r esistivity samples (0.1 ~5 to 0.20 ohm.cm .). This indica tes the possibility that th.e r es if.1tivity of B13C3 i s orientation dependent.
Book Synopsis Optical and Electrical Properties of CsTiOAsO4 Single Crystal by : Ruqian Guo
Download or read book Optical and Electrical Properties of CsTiOAsO4 Single Crystal written by Ruqian Guo and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 934 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Rediscovering the Crystal Chemistry of Superhard Dodecaborides and Other Higher Borides by : Georgiy Akopov
Download or read book Rediscovering the Crystal Chemistry of Superhard Dodecaborides and Other Higher Borides written by Georgiy Akopov and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost all items used in everyday life are a result of the processing industry, as seen in the machining of modern metals to form appliances and car parts, precision machining parts for phones and computers, and drill tools for extracting oil to be used to power cars and provide reagents for plastics and chemical synthesis. Many tools used today are made using diamond. Diamond is the hardest mineral due to its structure, where the high density of carbon atoms and the large number of short covalent bonds produce both ultra-incompressibility and a large shear modulus. Due to both of these factors, diamond is superhard (Vickers hardness above 40 GPa), and is of utmost importance for such multi-billion dollar industrial processes as cutting (machining) and drilling (oil industry). However, diamond is expensive, both natural and man-made, due to supply limitations and synthetic costs of production from the high-pressure high-temperature conditions needed. Moreover, diamond readily forms carbides with iron and as such cannot be used to cut steel or other ferrous metals. As such, the majority of tools for cutting and machining are made using less expensive tungsten carbide (WC). Unlike diamond, WC is a metal, therefore it can be processed (shaped and cut) using common electric discharge machining. Moreover, tungsten carbide is not superhard, having a hardness of only 25 GPa; therefore, the development of superhard substitutions is an important area of exploration. The primary focus for the development of superhard metals to date has been on new compositions and crystal structures, as well as intrinsic and extrinsic hardening effects using solid-solution formation and morphological control of the surface and grain structure. The search for new superhard metals stands on the shoulders of boride crystallography. Metal borides come in a large variety of possible structures, primarily defined by the way the boron atoms are arranged: isolated boron atoms (e.g. Cr4B), single and double chains (e.g. CrB and Ta3B4), networks of boron atoms (e.g. AlB2, ReB2, WB4, ZrB12), and structures based on boron icosahedra, B12 (e.g. ZrB50 and GdB66). The first reported superhard metal boride was our work on rhenium diboride (ReB2) however, due to the limited supply and cost of rhenium, there has been a great incentive to investigate the possibility of using less expensive metals. This resulted in the cheaper alternative superhard borides: tungsten tetraboride (WB4) and dodecaborides (ZrB12 and YB12). This in turn resulted in the metal boride field expanding to the use of alloys and solid-solutions via doping with metals analogous to tungsten (i.e. group 5, e.g. Ta and Nb), thus enhancing the bulk modulus and using structures with a 3D backbone of boron atoms ("cage"-structures) increasing the material's shear resistant due to it becoming more isotropic. However, metal borides also possess a large variety of ternary and higher order metal borides with unique structures and properties and this constitutes a significant part of the current work reported here. Such ternary metal borides have essentially been "forgotten" as apart from papers on the crystal structure of such phases, over the past 50 years there have been only 2 papers on properties, both of which only reported electronic properties. Therefore, these phases represent a treasure trove of research opportunities. The goal of this project has been to investigate higher borides (i.e. dodecaborides) for their properties. Furthermore, the project has attempted to expand the field of superhard material compositions by delving into the unstable/metastable phase space stabilizing high-pressure, high-temperature phases through solid solutions formation at ambient pressure.
Book Synopsis Rare-Earth Borides by : Dmytro S. Inosov
Download or read book Rare-Earth Borides written by Dmytro S. Inosov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-10-25 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rare-earth borides have attracted continuous interest for more than half a century both from the point of view of fundamental condensed matter physics and for practical applications in various fields of engineering. They demonstrate a wealth of unusual electronic and magnetic properties that have been closely investigated in recent decades using advanced spectroscopies and state-of-the-art physical characterization methods. Authored by leading experts in the field, this book features a comprehensive collection of reviews offering a cutting-edge summary of the research on rare-earth borides from various viewpoints. It includes chapters on the growth and characterization of single-crystal and thin-film samples, detailed description of their lattice structure and dynamics, electronic and magnetic properties in the bulk and at the surface, low-temperature ordering phenomena, and theoretical and experimental description of the unusual spectroscopic properties from the perspective of modern x-ray and neutron scattering, Raman spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance. The book will appeal to anyone interested in the physics and chemistry of solids and low-temperature physics, especially to researchers and postgraduate students who study magnetic and electronic properties of rare-earth compounds.
Book Synopsis Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths by :
Download or read book Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This continuing authoritative series deals with the chemistry, materials science, physics and technology of the rare earth elements. Volume 38 of the Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earth incorporates a recapitulation of the scientific achievements and contributions made by the late Professor LeRoy Eyring (1919-2005) to the science of the lanthanide oxides in which the lanthanide element has a valence equal to or greater than three. · Authoritative · Comprehensive · Up-to-date · Critical
Book Synopsis Physics of Non-Tetrahedrally Bonded Binary Compounds III / Physik Der Nicht-tetraedrisch Gebundenen Binären Verbindungen III by : J.B. Goodenough
Download or read book Physics of Non-Tetrahedrally Bonded Binary Compounds III / Physik Der Nicht-tetraedrisch Gebundenen Binären Verbindungen III written by J.B. Goodenough and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1984-10 with total page 694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Boron, Borides and Related Compounds by : Ryosei Uno
Download or read book Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Boron, Borides and Related Compounds written by Ryosei Uno and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metals Abstracts Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1034 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Boron Rich Solids by : Nina Orlovskaya
Download or read book Boron Rich Solids written by Nina Orlovskaya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-07 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this book is to discuss the current status of research and development of boron-rich solids as sensors, ultra-high temperature ceramics, thermoelectrics, and armor. Novel biological and chemical sensors made of stiff and light-weight boron-rich solids are very exciting and efficient for applications in medical diagnoses, environmental surveillance and the detection of pathogen and biological/chemical terrorism agents. Ultra-high temperature ceramic composites exhibit excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance for hypersonic vehicle applications. Boron-rich solids are also promising candidates for high-temperature thermoelectric conversion. Armor is another very important application of boron-rich solids, since most of them exhibit very high hardness, which makes them perfect candidates with high resistance to ballistic impact. The following topical areas are presented: •Boron-rich solids: science and technology •Synthesis and sintering strategies of boron rich solids •Microcantilever sensors •Screening of the possible boron-based thermoelectric conversion materials; •Ultra-high temperature ZrB2 and HfB2 based composites •Magnetic, transport and high-pressure properties of boron-rich solids •Restrictions of the sensor dimensions for chemical detection •Armor
Download or read book Metals Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phase Diagrams 6-IV by : Allen Alper
Download or read book Phase Diagrams 6-IV written by Allen Alper and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Refractory Materials: A Series of Monographs Volume IV is a collection of works from different scientists who have made important discoveries in fields related to chemistry. The text covers topics such as chemical vapor deposition – its general aspects, selection of reactions, and parameters; solid-gas phase diagrams and open-tube processes; and the experimental resolution of solid-vapor equilibria. Also covered are topics such as phase behavior and related properties of rare-earth borides, crystal chemistry, the use of phase diagrams in the research and development of phosphor materials, and phase equilibria in magnetic oxide materials. The book is recommended for chemists and materials scientists who would like to know more about the studies of other experts in the field and their applications.
Book Synopsis Inorganic Chemistry of the Main-Group Elements by : C C Addison
Download or read book Inorganic Chemistry of the Main-Group Elements written by C C Addison and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage of progress in the major areas of chemical research. Written by experts in their specialist fields the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, supplying regular critical in-depth accounts of progress in particular areas of chemistry. For over 80 years the Royal Society of Chemistry and its predecessor, the Chemical Society, have been publishing reports charting developments in chemistry, which originally took the form of Annual Reports. However, by 1967 the whole spectrum of chemistry could no longer be contained within one volume and the series Specialist Periodical Reports was born. The Annual Reports themselves still existed but were divided into two, and subsequently three, volumes covering Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry. For more general coverage of the highlights in chemistry they remain a 'must'. Since that time the SPR series has altered according to the fluctuating degree of activity in various fields of chemistry. Some titles have remained unchanged, while others have altered their emphasis along with their titles; some have been combined under a new name whereas others have had to be discontinued. The current list of Specialist Periodical Reports can be seen on the inside flap of this volume.
Download or read book INIS Atomindeks written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 1116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Chemistry of Boron and Its Compounds by : Earl L. Muetterties
Download or read book The Chemistry of Boron and Its Compounds written by Earl L. Muetterties and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Alloys Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 990 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
