Electoral Concerns Reduce Restrictive Measures During The Covid 19 Pandemic

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Electoral Concerns Reduce Restrictive Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author : Massimo Pulejo
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Electoral Concerns Reduce Restrictive Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic by : Massimo Pulejo

Download or read book Electoral Concerns Reduce Restrictive Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic written by Massimo Pulejo and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The outbreak of COVID-19 has called for swift action by governments, often involving the adoption of restrictive measures such as lockdowns. In this context, leaders have faced a trade-off between imposing stringent measures to limit the contagion, and minimizing the costs on their national economy, which could impact their electoral prospects. Leveraging on both the timing of elections and the constitutional term limits faced by leaders, we document how incumbents who can run for re-election implement less stringent restrictions when the election is closer in time. The effect is driven by measures more likely to have a negative economic impact. This shows how electoral concerns help explain the observed differences in the response to COVID-19 across different countries.

Political Economics

Author : Torsten Persson
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262303663
Total Pages : 503 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Economics by : Torsten Persson

Download or read book Political Economics written by Torsten Persson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2002-01-25 with total page 503 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What determines the size and form of redistributive programs, the extent and type of public goods provision, the burden of taxation across alternative tax bases, the size of government deficits, and the stance of monetary policy during the course of business and electoral cycles? A large and rapidly growing literature in political economics attempts to answer these questions. But so far there is little consensus on the answers and disagreement on the appropriate mode of analysis. Combining the best of three separate traditions—the theory of macroeconomic policy, public choice, and rational choice in political science—Torsten Persson and Guido Tabellini suggest a unified approach to the field. As in modern macroeconomics, individual citizens behave rationally, their preferences over economic outcomes inducing preferences over policy. As in public choice, the delegation of policy decisions to elected representatives may give rise to agency problems between voters and politicians. And, as in rational choice, political institutions shape the procedures for setting policy and electing politicians. The authors outline a common method of analysis, establish several new results, and identify the main outstanding problems.

The Economic Effects of Constitutions

Author : Torsten Persson
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262661928
Total Pages : 324 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (619 download)

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Book Synopsis The Economic Effects of Constitutions by : Torsten Persson

Download or read book The Economic Effects of Constitutions written by Torsten Persson and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005-01-14 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of The Economic Effects of Constitutions use econometric tools to study what they call the "missing link" between constitutional systems and economic policy; the book is an uncompromisingly empirical sequel to their previous theoretical analysis of economic policy. Taking recent theoretical work as a point of departure, they ask which theoretical findings are supported and which are contradicted by the facts. The results are based on comparisons of political institutions across countries or time, in a large sample of contemporary democracies. They find that presidential/parliamentary and majoritarian/proportional dichotomies influence several economic variables: presidential regimes induce smaller public sectors, and proportional elections lead to greater and less targeted government spending and larger budget deficits. Moreover, the details of the electoral system (such as district magnitude and ballot structure) influence corruption and structural policies toward economic growth.Persson and Tabellini's goal is to draw conclusions about the causal effects of constitutions on policy outcomes. But since constitutions are not randomly assigned to countries, how the constitutional system was selected in the first place must be taken into account. This raises challenging methodological problems, which are addressed in the book. The study is therefore important not only in its findings but also in establishing a methodology for empirical analysis in the field of comparative politics.

The Factors and Behaviors Associated with Legislator Use of Communication Technology

Author : Joe West
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 1498597815
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis The Factors and Behaviors Associated with Legislator Use of Communication Technology by : Joe West

Download or read book The Factors and Behaviors Associated with Legislator Use of Communication Technology written by Joe West and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2021-08-23 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few will doubt the importance of the role that communication technology played in American politics in 2020. The Factors and Behaviors Associated with Legislator Use of Communication Technology examines the various factors and behaviors associated with legislator use of communication technology. Offering both macro and micro level perspectives as well as quantitative and qualitative data analyses, a broad perspective of the role that communication technology plays in driving legislator behavior is provided. Building a theoretical structure, this book begins with an examination of how communication technology can destabilize the policymaking process and offers an overview of media and policy process theories, and legislator roles and the association of these roles with the use of communication technology. Moving to the micro level, the authors present quantitative and qualitative evidence associated with legislator behaviors associated with the use of communication technology including compromise behaviors and political ideological polarization, closing with an examination of the use of communication technology by legislators during the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic.

Consequences of COVID-19

Author : Christine Crudo Blackburn
Publisher : Texas A&M University Press
ISBN 13 : 1648430317
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (484 download)

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Book Synopsis Consequences of COVID-19 by : Christine Crudo Blackburn

Download or read book Consequences of COVID-19 written by Christine Crudo Blackburn and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2024-09-02 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No disease has upended life more in the past fifty years than COVID-19. As the pandemic unfolded, coeditors Christine Crudo Blackburn and Gerald W. Parker saw how many areas of society are impacted and how those impacts can ripple through to other sectors. Seeking to provide both warnings of these vulnerabilities and direction for future efforts to address them, Blackburn and Parker have assembled a cross-disciplinary, multinational team of researchers and writers to provide a critical look at the global response—success or failure—to the COVID-19 pandemic. Consequences of COVID-19: A One Health Approach to the Responses, Challenges and Lessons Learned reviews the multiple implications of COVID-19 for society: in public health research, in education, in human-animal interaction, in public policy, in media and online information, and in domestic and international economic considerations. Perhaps even more critically, this well-rounded analysis reviews the lessons learned to offer constructive directions for future research, policymaking, and education. This important compendium will serve as a benchmark for the study of and preparedness for potential future public health crises such as COVID-19. As Blackburn notes in her conclusion, “this will not be the last pandemic. It may not even be the last pandemic in our lifetime.”

Political Communication and COVID-19

Author : Darren Lilleker
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000371689
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Communication and COVID-19 by : Darren Lilleker

Download or read book Political Communication and COVID-19 written by Darren Lilleker and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-03-18 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection compares and analyses the most prominent political communicative responses to the outbreak and global spread of the COVID-19 strain of coronavirus within 27 nations across five continents and two supranational organisations: the EU and the WHO. The book encompasses the various governments’ communication of the crisis, the role played by opposition and the vibrancy of the information environment within each nation. The chapters analyse the communication drawing on theoretical perspectives drawn from the fields of crisis communication, political communication and political psychology. In doing so the book develops a framework to assess the extent to which state communication followed the key indicators of effective communication encapsulated in the principles of: being first; being right; being credible; expressing empathy; promoting action; and showing respect. The book also examines how communication circulated within the mass and social media environments and what impact differences in spokespersons, messages and the broader context has on the success of implementing measures likely to reduce the spread of the virus. Cumulatively, the authors develop a global analysis of the responses and how these are shaped by their specific contexts and by the flow of information, while offering lessons for future political crisis communication. This book will be of great interest to students and researchers of politics, communication and public relations, specifically on courses and modules relating to current affairs, crisis communication and strategic communication, as well as practitioners working in the field of health crisis communication. The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. Thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched www.knowledgeunlatched.org

Dark Politics

Author :
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0197681751
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (976 download)

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Book Synopsis Dark Politics by :

Download or read book Dark Politics written by and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023-12-11 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen the rise of political figures with particularly abrasive, controversial, and aggressive personalities, who seem to take pleasure in introducing an uncivil tone into the political debate. From Trump in the USA to Bolsonaro in Brazil, the media increasingly spotlights political figures who adopt a transgressive political style that incorporates spectacular acts, exaggeration, calculated provocations, and political and socio-cultural taboos. Who are these aggressive political figures? Why are they successful? And what does it mean for democracy? Dark Politics is a novel exploration of the rise of aversive and antagonistic political figures worldwide. Drawing on new data from 100 recent elections, post-election surveys, and original experimental evidence, Alessandro Nai and Jürgen Maier provide the first large-scale comparative investigation into the "darker" sides of human personality in politicians--the "Dark Triad" of narcissism, psychopathy, and Machiavellianism. Nai and Maier show that dark traits are acutely present in populists, go hand in hand with more aggressive forms of campaign rhetoric, such as incivility and negativity, and are particularly appreciated by voters who themselves score high on such dark personality traits. Their analyses reveal that dark candidates are more likely to be electorally successful when running as an incumbent and tend to be associated with a better economic performance if elected. However, dark leaders can lead to increased cynicism in the public, democratic deconsolidation, and even a poorer response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Dark Politics provides a new way to understand contemporary politics by looking at the crucial role of dark personality traits in leaders and voters.

COVID-19: Individual Rights and Community Responsibilities

Author : J. Michael Ryan
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000800393
Total Pages : 243 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis COVID-19: Individual Rights and Community Responsibilities by : J. Michael Ryan

Download or read book COVID-19: Individual Rights and Community Responsibilities written by J. Michael Ryan and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: COVID-19: Individual Rights and Community Responsibilities provides critical insights into the tensions between individual rights and community responsibilities during the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions about mandates, lockdowns, priorities, and broader questions related to neighborly responsibilities and human rights have been central to debates about how to confront the pandemic. The scholarship presented in this volume adds to those debates by confronting such issues as the role of social media in spreading misinformation, mask mandates, pandemic politics, and the very ethos of what is meant by human and individual rights. Drawing on the expertise of scholars from around the world, the work presented here represents a remarkable diversity and quality of impassioned scholarship on the impact of COVID-19 and is a timely and critical advance in knowledge related to the pandemic.

Populists and the Pandemic

Author : Nils Ringe
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000634876
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (6 download)

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Book Synopsis Populists and the Pandemic by : Nils Ringe

Download or read book Populists and the Pandemic written by Nils Ringe and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2022-08-26 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Populists and the Pandemic examines the responses of populist political actors and parties in 22 countries around the globe to the COVID-19 pandemic, in terms of their attitudes, rhetoric, mobilization repertoires, and policy proposals. The responses of some populist leaders have received much public attention, as they denied the severity of the public health crisis, denigrated experts and data, looked for scapegoats, encouraged protests, questioned the legitimacy of liberal institutions, spread false information, and fueled conspiracies. But how widespread are those particular reactions? How much variation is there? What explains the variation that does exist? This volume considers these questions through critical analysis of countries in the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Africa, by leading experts with deep knowledge of their respective cases. Some chapters focus on populist parties, others on charismatic populist leaders. Some countries examined are democracies, others autocracies. Some populists are left wing, others right wing. Some populists are in government, others in opposition. This variation allows for a panoramic consideration of factors that systematically influence or mediate populist responses to the pandemic. The book thus makes a unique contribution to our understanding of the intersection between two of the most pressing social and political challenges of our time. The book will be of interest to all those researching populism, extremism, and political parties and those more broadly interested in political science, public policy, sociology, communications, and economics.

The Political Economy of Federalism and Multilevel Politics in Turbulent Times

Author : Amuitz Garmendia Madariaga
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889768201
Total Pages : 67 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Federalism and Multilevel Politics in Turbulent Times by : Amuitz Garmendia Madariaga

Download or read book The Political Economy of Federalism and Multilevel Politics in Turbulent Times written by Amuitz Garmendia Madariaga and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-11-17 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Hegemonic Transition

Author : Florian Böller
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030745058
Total Pages : 308 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (37 download)

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Book Synopsis Hegemonic Transition by : Florian Böller

Download or read book Hegemonic Transition written by Florian Böller and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-08-16 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an assessment of the ongoing transformation of hegemonic order and its domestic and international politics. The current international order is in crisis. Under the Trump administration, the USA has ceased to unequivocally support the institutions it helped to foster. China’s power surge, contestation by smaller states, and the West’s internal struggle with populism and economic discontent have undermined the liberal order from outside and from within. While the diagnosis of a crisis is hardly new, its sources, scope, and underlying politics are still up for debate. Our reading of hegemony diverges from a static concept, toward a focus on the dynamic politics of hegemonic ordering. This perspective includes the domestic support and demand for specific hegemonic goods, the contestation and backing by other actors within distinct layers of hegemonic orders, and the underlying bargaining between the hegemon and subordinate actors. The case studies in this book thus investigate hegemonic politics across regimes (e.g., trade and security), regions (e.g., Asia, Europe, and Global South), and actors (e.g., major powers and smaller states).

Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters

Author : European Commission for Democracy through Law
Publisher : Council of Europe
ISBN 13 : 9789287151919
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (519 download)

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Book Synopsis Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters by : European Commission for Democracy through Law

Download or read book Code of Good Practice in Electoral Matters written by European Commission for Democracy through Law and published by Council of Europe. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication contains a set of guidelines for good practice in the conduct of elections, based on Europe's electoral heritage, as well as an explanatory report which explains the key principles on which they are based. The guidelines and report were adopted in 2002 by the Council for Democratic Elections and by the European Commission for Democracy through Law (also known as the Venice Commission); and approved in 2003 by the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council Europe and by the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities in Europe.

Global Trends 2040

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
ISBN 13 : 9781646794973
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (949 download)

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Book Synopsis Global Trends 2040 by : National Intelligence Council

Download or read book Global Trends 2040 written by National Intelligence Council and published by Cosimo Reports. This book was released on 2021-03 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Why Electoral Integrity Matters

Author : Pippa Norris
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107052807
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Why Electoral Integrity Matters by : Pippa Norris

Download or read book Why Electoral Integrity Matters written by Pippa Norris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2014-06-30 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book is the first in a planned trilogy by Pippa Norris on Challenges of Electoral Integrity to be published by Cambridge University Press. Unfortunately too often elections around the globe are deeply flawed or even fail. Why does this matter? It is widely suspected that such contests will undermine confidence in elected authorities, damage voting turnout, trigger protests, exacerbate conflict, and occasionally lead to regime change. Well-run elections, by themselves, are insufficient for successful transitions to democracy. But flawed, or even failed, contests are thought to wreck fragile progress. Is there good evidence for these claims? Under what circumstances do failed elections undermine legitimacy? With a global perspective, using new sources of data for mass and elite evidence, this book provides fresh insights into these major issues.

Democracy for Realists

Author : Christopher H. Achen
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400888743
Total Pages : 423 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Democracy for Realists by : Christopher H. Achen

Download or read book Democracy for Realists written by Christopher H. Achen and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-29 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why our belief in government by the people is unrealistic—and what we can do about it Democracy for Realists assails the romantic folk-theory at the heart of contemporary thinking about democratic politics and government, and offers a provocative alternative view grounded in the actual human nature of democratic citizens. Christopher Achen and Larry Bartels deploy a wealth of social-scientific evidence, including ingenious original analyses of topics ranging from abortion politics and budget deficits to the Great Depression and shark attacks, to show that the familiar ideal of thoughtful citizens steering the ship of state from the voting booth is fundamentally misguided. They demonstrate that voters—even those who are well informed and politically engaged—mostly choose parties and candidates on the basis of social identities and partisan loyalties, not political issues. They also show that voters adjust their policy views and even their perceptions of basic matters of fact to match those loyalties. When parties are roughly evenly matched, elections often turn on irrelevant or misleading considerations such as economic spurts or downturns beyond the incumbents' control; the outcomes are essentially random. Thus, voters do not control the course of public policy, even indirectly. Achen and Bartels argue that democratic theory needs to be founded on identity groups and political parties, not on the preferences of individual voters. Now with new analysis of the 2016 elections, Democracy for Realists provides a powerful challenge to conventional thinking, pointing the way toward a fundamentally different understanding of the realities and potential of democratic government.

Political Trust

Author : Sonja Zmerli
Publisher : ECPR Press
ISBN 13 : 1907301585
Total Pages : 240 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (73 download)

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Book Synopsis Political Trust by : Sonja Zmerli

Download or read book Political Trust written by Sonja Zmerli and published by ECPR Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, by Sonja Zmerli and Marc Hooghe, presents cutting-edge empirical research on political trust as a relational concept. From a European comparative perspective it addresses a broad range of contested issues. Can political trust be conceived as a one-dimensional concept and to what extent do international population surveys warrant the culturally equivalent measurement of political trust across European societies? Is there indeed an observable general trend of declining levels of political trust? What are the individual, societal and political prerequisites of political trust and how do they translate into trustful attitudes? Why do so many Eastern European citizens still distrust their political institutions and how does the implementation of welfare state policies both enhance and benefit from political trust? The comprehensive empirical evidence presented in this book by leading scholars provides valuable insights into the relational aspects of political trust and will certainly stimulate future research. This book features: a state-of-the-art European perspective on political trust; an analysis of the most recent trends with regard to the development of political trust; a comparison of traditional and emerging democracies in Europe; the consequences of political trust on political stability and the welfare state; a counterbalance to the gloomy American picture of declining political trust levels.

The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox

Author : Yves Tiberghien
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108968473
Total Pages : 92 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox by : Yves Tiberghien

Download or read book The East Asian Covid-19 Paradox written by Yves Tiberghien and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-03-10 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Covid-19 pandemic triggered the first global public health emergency since 1918, the greatest economic crisis since the Great Depression, and the greatest geopolitical tensions in decades. Global governance mechanisms failed. Yet, East Asian countries (with caveats) managed to control Covid-19 better than most other countries and to increase their cooperation toward economic integration, despite their position on the security frontline. What explains this East Asian Covid paradox in a region devoid of strong regional institutions? This Element argues that high levels of institutional preparation, social cohesion, and global strategic reinforcement in a context of situational convergence explain the results. It relies on high-level interviews and case studies across the region.