Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Efficiency Study In Small Scale Hydrogen Production By Methane Steam Reforming In High Temperature Catalytic And Low Temperature Plasma Processes
Download Efficiency Study In Small Scale Hydrogen Production By Methane Steam Reforming In High Temperature Catalytic And Low Temperature Plasma Processes full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Efficiency Study In Small Scale Hydrogen Production By Methane Steam Reforming In High Temperature Catalytic And Low Temperature Plasma Processes ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Efficiency Study in Small Scale Hydrogen Production by Methane Steam Reforming in High Temperature Catalytic and Low Temperature Plasma Processes by : T. Pham
Download or read book Efficiency Study in Small Scale Hydrogen Production by Methane Steam Reforming in High Temperature Catalytic and Low Temperature Plasma Processes written by T. Pham and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Production Via a High-Efficiency Low-Temperature Reformer by :
Download or read book Hydrogen Production Via a High-Efficiency Low-Temperature Reformer written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel cells are promoted by the US government as a viable alternative for clean and efficient energy generation. It is anticipated that the fuel cell market will rise if the key technical barriers can be overcome. One of them is certainly fuel processing and purification. Existing fuel reforming processes are energy intensive, extremely complicated and capital intensive; these disadvantages handicap the scale-down of existing reforming process, targeting distributed or on-board/stationary hydrogen production applications. Our project involves the bench-scale demonstration of a high-efficiency low-temperature steam reforming process. Hydrogen production can be operated at 350 to 400ðC with our invention, as opposed to>800ðC of existing reforming. In addition, our proposed process improves the start-up deficiency of conventional reforming due to its low temperature operation. The objective of this project is to demonstrate the invented process concept via a bench scale unit and verify mathematical simulation for future process optimization study. Under this project, we have performed the experimental work to determine the adsorption isotherm, reaction kinetics, and membrane permeances required to perform the process simulation based upon the mathematical model developed by us. A ceramic membrane coated with palladium thin film fabricated by us was employed in this study. The adsorption isotherm for a selected hydrotalcite adsorbent was determined experimentally. Further, the capacity loss under cyclic adsorption/desorption was confirmed to be negligible. Finally a commercial steam reforming catalyst was used to produce the reaction kinetic parameters required for the proposed operating condition. With these input parameters, a mathematical simulation was performed to predict the performance of the invented process. According to our simulation, our invented hybrid process can deliver 35 to 55% methane conversion, in comparison with the 12 and 18-21% conversion of the packed bed and an adsorptive reactor respectively. In addition CO contamination with
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Generation from Ethanol using Plasma Reforming Technology by : JianHua Yan
Download or read book Hydrogen Generation from Ethanol using Plasma Reforming Technology written by JianHua Yan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-14 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an overview of hydrogen production from renewable resources such as ethanol using plasma or plasma-catalytic technologies. Further, it presents a balanced and comprehensive treatment of the core principles, novel plasma reactors and diagnostics, as well as state-of-the-art plasma energy applications. It brings together technological advances and research on plasma generators and their application in hydrogen production, including plasma-assisted alcohol reforming technology, plasma-catalytic alcohol reforming technology, the alcohol reforming mechanism, models of alcohol reforming for hydrogen production, the energy balance of hydrogen production from ethanol, and a comparison of alcohol reforming assisted by different plasma treatment systems. As such, it offers a valuable reference guide for scientists, engineers and graduate students in the fields of energy and environment, plasma physics and chemistry.
Book Synopsis A Compact and Efficient Steam Methane Reformer for Hydrogen Production by : Willard Lawrence Quon
Download or read book A Compact and Efficient Steam Methane Reformer for Hydrogen Production written by Willard Lawrence Quon and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A small-scale steam-methane reforming system for localized, distributed production of hydrogen offers improved performance and lower cost by integrating the following technologies developed at the University of Houston; (1) Catalyzed steam-methane reforming on ceramic foam catalyst substrates. (2) Coupling of reformers to remote heat sources via heat pipes instead of heating by direct-fired heaters. (3) Catalytic combustion of methane with air on ceramic foam substrates as the heat source. Each of these three technologies confer benefits improving the efficiency, reliability, or cost of an integrated compact steam-methane reforming system. A prior 2-D computer model was adapted from existing FORTRAN code for a packed-bed reactor and successfully updated to better reflect heat transfer in the ceramic foam bed and at the reactor wall, then validated with experimental heat transfer and reaction data for use in designing commercial-scale ceramic foam catalytic reactors. Different configurations and sizes of both reformer and combustor reactors were studied to arrive at a best configuration for an integrated system. The radial and axial conversions and temperatures of each reactor were studied to match the heat recovery capability of the reformer to the heat generation characteristics of the combustor. The vetted computer model was used to size and specify a 500 kg/day hydrogen production unit featuring ceramic foam catalyst beds integrated into heat pipe reactors that can be used for multiple end users, ranging from small edible fats and oils hydrogenators to consumer point of sale hydrogen fueling stations. The estimated investment for this 500 kg/day system is $2,286,069 but is expected to drop to less than $1,048,000 using mass production methods. Economic analysis of the 500 kg/day hydrogen production system shows that it is not presently competitive with gasoline as a transportation fuel, but the system is still economically attractive to stationary fuel cell applications or small chemical users with a delivered hydrogen price as low as $1.49/kg, even with a 10% IRR that includes investment recovery, depreciation, taxes, etc.
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Production Technologies by : Mehmet Sankir
Download or read book Hydrogen Production Technologies written by Mehmet Sankir and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-20 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive practical review of the new technologies used to obtain hydrogen more efficiently via catalytic, electrochemical, bio- and photohydrogen production. Hydrogen has been gaining more attention in both transportation and stationary power applications. Fuel cell-powered cars are on the roads and the automotive industry is demanding feasible and efficient technologies to produce hydrogen. The principles and methods described herein lead to reasonable mitigation of the great majority of problems associated with hydrogen production technologies. The chapters in this book are written by distinguished authors who have extensive experience in their fields, and readers will have a chance to compare the fundamental production techniques and learn about the pros and cons of these technologies. The book is organized into three parts. Part I shows the catalytic and electrochemical principles involved in hydrogen production technologies. Part II addresses hydrogen production from electrochemically active bacteria (EAB) by decomposing organic compound into hydrogen in microbial electrolysis cells (MECs). The final part of the book is concerned with photohydrogen generation. Recent developments in the area of semiconductor-based nanomaterials, specifically semiconductor oxides, nitrides and metal free semiconductor-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic hydrogen production are extensively discussed.
Book Synopsis Mechanical Engineering by : Murat Gokcek
Download or read book Mechanical Engineering written by Murat Gokcek and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-04-11 with total page 686 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book substantially offers the latest progresses about the important topics of the "Mechanical Engineering" to readers. It includes twenty-eight excellent studies prepared using state-of-art methodologies by professional researchers from different countries. The sections in the book comprise of the following titles: power transmission system, manufacturing processes and system analysis, thermo-fluid systems, simulations and computer applications, and new approaches in mechanical engineering education and organization systems.
Book Synopsis Plasma Catalysis by : Annemie Bogaerts
Download or read book Plasma Catalysis written by Annemie Bogaerts and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-04-02 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma catalysis is gaining increasing interest for various gas conversion applications, such as CO2 conversion into value-added chemicals and fuels, N2 fixation for the synthesis of NH3 or NOx, methane conversion into higher hydrocarbons or oxygenates. It is also widely used for air pollution control (e.g., VOC remediation). Plasma catalysis allows thermodynamically difficult reactions to proceed at ambient pressure and temperature, due to activation of the gas molecules by energetic electrons created in the plasma. However, plasma is very reactive but not selective, and thus a catalyst is needed to improve the selectivity. In spite of the growing interest in plasma catalysis, the underlying mechanisms of the (possible) synergy between plasma and catalyst are not yet fully understood. Indeed, plasma catalysis is quite complicated, as the plasma will affect the catalyst and vice versa. Moreover, due to the reactive plasma environment, the most suitable catalysts will probably be different from thermal catalysts. More research is needed to better understand the plasma–catalyst interactions, in order to further improve the applications.
Book Synopsis Plasma Chemistry and Catalysis in Gases and Liquids by : Vasile I. Parvulescu
Download or read book Plasma Chemistry and Catalysis in Gases and Liquids written by Vasile I. Parvulescu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-19 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filling the gap for a book that covers not only plasma in gases but also in liquids, this is all set to become the standard reference for this topic. It provides a broad-based overview of plasma-chemical and plasmacatalytic processes generated by electrical discharges in gases, liquids and gas/liquid environments in both fundamental and applied aspects by focusing on their environmental and green applications and also taking into account their practical and economic viability. With the topics addressed by an international group of major experts, this is a must-have for scientists, engineers, students and postdoctoral researchers specializing in this field.
Book Synopsis Hydrogen Science and Engineering by : Detlef Stolten
Download or read book Hydrogen Science and Engineering written by Detlef Stolten and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-01-04 with total page 1220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by 50 top academic, government and industry researchers, this handbook explores mature, evolving technologies for a clean, economically viable alternative to non-renewable energy. In so doing, it also discusses such broader topics as the environmental impact, education, safety and regulatory developments. The text is all-encompassing, covering a wide range that includes hydrogen as an energy carrier, hydrogen for storage of renewable energy, and incorporating hydrogen technologies into existing technologies.
Book Synopsis Sustainable Utilization of Natural Resources by : Prasenjit Mondal
Download or read book Sustainable Utilization of Natural Resources written by Prasenjit Mondal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased research is going on to explore the new cleaner options for the utilization of natural resources. This book aims to provide the scientific knowhow and orientation in the area of the emerging technologies for utilization of natural resources for sustainable development to the readers. The book includes production of energy and lifesaving drugs using natural resources as well as reduction of wastage of resources like water and energy for sustainable development in both technological as well as modeling aspects.
Book Synopsis Concepts In Syngas Manufacture by : Jens Rostrup-nielsen
Download or read book Concepts In Syngas Manufacture written by Jens Rostrup-nielsen and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2011-07-21 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a general overview of syngas technologies as well as an in-depth analysis of the steam reforming process. Syngas is a mixture of hydrogen and carbon oxides which can be made from hydrocarbons, coal and biomass. It is an important intermediate in the chemical industry for manufacture of ammonia, methanol and other petrochemicals as well as hydrogen for refineries and fuel cells. Syngas is playing a growing role in the energy sector, because it can be converted into a number of important energy carriers and fuels. Syngas catalysis creates new options and flexibility in the complex energy network. The steam reforming process is the main technology today for manufacture of syngas. It is a complex intern-mingling of catalysis and heat transfer with restrictions caused by secondary phenomena such as carbon formation. Many of the principles are applicable for other gasification technologies of growing importance. Concepts of Syngas Preparation aims to provide a comprehensive introduction to this complex field of growing importance and gives a detailed analysis of the catalyst and process problems. This book also serves as an important link between science and industry by illustrating how the basic principles can be applied to solve design issues and operational problems./a
Book Synopsis Catalysis, Green Chemistry and Sustainable Energy by : Angelo Basile
Download or read book Catalysis, Green Chemistry and Sustainable Energy written by Angelo Basile and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2019-11-22 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalysis, Green Chemistry and Sustainable Energy: New Technologies for Novel Business Opportunities offers new possibilities for businesses who want to address the current global transition period to adopt low carbon and sustainable energy production. This comprehensive source provides an integrated view of new possibilities within catalysis and green chemistry in an economic context, showing how these potential new technologies may become useful to business. Fundamentals and specific examples are included to guide the transformation of idea to innovation and business. Offering an overview of the new possibilities for creating business in catalysis, energy and green chemistry, this book is a beneficial tool for students, researchers and academics in chemical and biochemical engineering. Discusses new developments in catalysis, energy and green chemistry from the perspective of converting ideas to innovation and business Presents case histories, preparation of business plans, patent protection and IP rights, creation of start-ups, research funds and successful written proposals Offers an interdisciplinary approach combining science and business
Book Synopsis 23 European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering by : Calin-Cristian Cormos
Download or read book 23 European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering written by Calin-Cristian Cormos and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-06-10 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen is considered to be one clean energy carrier for the future. The main advantage of using hydrogen as energy carrier represents the negligible greenhouse gas emissions. One of the most encouraging hydrogen production methods is based on bioethanol. This paper is devoted to the conceptual design of hydrogen production process using bioethanol reforming at an industrial scale (100000 Nm3/h hydrogen equivalent to 300 MW thermal). The syngas will be then converted into hydrogen by water gas shift reaction. Two distinct designs were investigated, one without carbon capture and one with carbon capture. In the design with carbon capture and storage (CCS), the shifted syngas is treated for removing CO2 by gas-liquid absorption process. Considering that bioethanol has a low or negligible fossil carbon footprint, the case with CCS has a negative CO2 emissions contributing to decreasing atmospheric CO2. The conceptual designs of bioethanol reforming were modeled and simulated to produce mass and energy balances for quantification of key plant performance indicators (e.g. bioethanol consumption, plant energy efficiency, ancillary energy consumption, specific CO2 emissions etc.). A particular accent is put on assessment of reforming unit operation conditions, process integration issues of reforming unit and syngas conditioning line with carbon capture unit, modeling and simulation of whole plant, thermal and power integration of various plant sub-systems by pinch analysis. Benchmark cases based on fossil fuels partial oxidation were also presented.
Book Synopsis Techno-Economic Challenges of Green Ammonia as an Energy Vector by : Agustin Valera-Medina
Download or read book Techno-Economic Challenges of Green Ammonia as an Energy Vector written by Agustin Valera-Medina and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-09-30 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Techno-Economic Challenges of Green Ammonia as an Energy Vector presents the fundamentals, techno-economic challenges, applications, and state-of-the-art research in using green ammonia as a route toward the hydrogen economy. This book presents practical implications and case studies of a great variety of methods to recover stored energy from ammonia and use it for power, along with transport and heating applications, including its production, storage, transportation, regulations, public perception, and safety aspects. As a unique reference in this field, this book can be used both as a handbook by researchers and a source of background knowledge by graduate students developing technologies in the fields of hydrogen economy, hydrogen energy, and energy storage. Includes glossaries, case studies, practical concepts, and legal, public perception, and policy viewpoints that allow for thorough, practical understanding of the use of ammonia as energy carrier Presents its content in a modular structure that can be used in sequence, as a handbook, in individual parts or as a field reference Explores the use of ammonia, both as a medium for hydrogen storage and an energy vector unto itself
Book Synopsis Clean Hydrogen Production Methods by : Sushant Kumar
Download or read book Clean Hydrogen Production Methods written by Sushant Kumar and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-27 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This brief covers novel techniques for clean hydrogen production which primarily involve sodium hydroxide as an essential ingredient to the existing major hydrogen production technologies. Interestingly, sodium hydroxide plays different roles and can act as a catalyst, reactant, promoter or even a precursor. The inclusion of sodium hydroxide makes these processes both kinetically and thermodynamically favorable. In addition possibilities to produce cleaner hydrogen, in terms of carbon emissions, are described. Through modifications of steam methane reformation methods and coal-gasification processes, from fossil as well as non-fossil energy sources, the carbon dioxide emissions of these established ways to produce hydrogen can significantly be reduced. This brief is aimed at those who are interested in expanding their knowledge on novel techniques and materials to produce clean hydrogen and capture carbon dioxide at a large-scale. The detailed thermodynamic analysis, experimental findings and critical analysis of such techniques are well discussed in this brief. Therefore, this book will be of great interest and use to students, engineers and researchers involved in developing the hydrogen economy as well as mitigating carbon dioxide emissions at a large-scale.
Book Synopsis Experimental Investigation of Methane Reformer with a Continuous Flow Reactor by : Xiao Zhang (Ph.D.)
Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Methane Reformer with a Continuous Flow Reactor written by Xiao Zhang (Ph.D.) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the decades, seeking for an alternative energy source has been more and more significant because of increasing demand with rapid industry expansion. Liquid hydrocarbon from Fischer-Tropsch process is considered as an alternative fuel source because the product is considered as subtle for petroleum-derived. Syngas as feedstock for F-T process plays a crucial role in liquid hydrocarbon production. Among several commercial and experiment technologies, the most common technology for syngas production is natural gas reforming. The product from reforming process has proper carbon monoxide/hydrogen ratio for direct application in F-T synthesis. Meanwhile, combined carbon dioxide into reforming reaction has attracted more and more attention in recent studies, which has great potential to help reduce emission of greenhouse gas. However, the main challenge for reforming process is to maintain reaction for a long period running. In this study, a lab-scale reactor is designed and evaluated to achieve high efficiency for 2 types of reforming reaction, steam reforming and dry reforming. For this reactor, methane, the main content of natural gas, was used as reactant gas in the reactor for progressive understanding of reforming. The Nickel based catalyst supported by SiO2 is preloaded and fixed in the catalyst zone of reactor. The selection and preparation for catalyst and support has been discussed in this study. For Steam Methane Reforming reaction, experimental work is conducted under Steam/Carbon ratio from 1 to 4, temperature range from 700 ̊C to 800 ̊C. Methane is fed to the reactor at flow rate 55 sccm at 1 atm pressure, where experimental conversion data were obtained. The conversion rate of methane is calculated as a standard for evaluation of reactor efficiency. As part of Fischer-Tropsch process, the quality of gas production is evaluated by H2/CO ratio. The catalyst is examined by XRD and EDAX spectrum for carbon formation test. For Dry Methane Reforming reaction, experiment is conducted under a temperature range from 500 ̊ C to 700 ̊ C with molar ratio of CH4/CO2 1. The total flow rate for mixture gas is 65 sccm. The conversion rates for both methane and carbon dioxide are calculated. The product quality is examined by H2/CO ratio. The catalyst stability test is conducted in a high carbon intensity with a CO2/CH4 ratio 4 at 700 ̊ C and total flow rate 65 sccm. The catalyst is separately characterized in 3 different phases by SEM and XRD technology to identify carbon deposition. The results from experiments state that the reactor is able to convert methane to syngas with high efficiency and high tolerance for carbon deposition at high temperature environment. COMSOL software is applied for reforming reaction process simulation, and the results from simulation support the statement from experiment.
Book Synopsis Strong Metal-support Interactions by : R. T. K. Baker
Download or read book Strong Metal-support Interactions written by R. T. K. Baker and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
