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Author : Dimitri Pokhotelov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (242 download)
Download or read book Effects of the Active Auroral Ionosphere on Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling written by Dimitri Pokhotelov and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John Styers
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (794 download)
Download or read book Interdisciplinary Computational Study of Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling and Its Visual and Thermal Impact in the Auroral Region written by John Styers and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A three-dimensional, three-fluid simulation (ions, electrons, and neutrals) was explicitly parallelized, facilitating the study of small-scale magnetospheric-ionospheric (M-1) coupling processes. The model has ionization and recombination, self-consistently (semi-empirically) determined collision frequencies, and a height resolved ionosphere. Inclusion of ion inertial terms in the momentum equation enables the propagation of Alfvén waves. Investigation at small scales required large system domains, and thus fast parallel computers. The model was explicitly parallelized--enabling investigations of M-1 coupling processes on very small temporal and spatial scales. The generation, reflection, and propagation of Alfvén waves is of importance to the understanding of M-1 coupling processes--it is, in fact, the primary means of communication of physical processes in the coupled system. Alfvénic reflections were modeled for two different boundary conditions, and it was shown that the deformation of the current layer was Alfvénic in character. Visualizations of the data obtained appear to be consistent with the visual characteristics of actual discrete aurora in nature. The model reproduces qualitatively, and semi-quantitatively, in a self-consistent manner, some the behaviors of the formation and time-evolution of discrete arcs. These include the narrowness of arcs; electric fields extending parallel outward from the arcs; and fast (plasma) flows in the region of discrete arcs. Large-scale models--due to inevitable limitations of computational resources--need to make large-scale averages of computed properties. In regions of active small-scale structure, significant under-representation of the Joule heating occurs. It has been shown that the under-representation of the Joule heating in the region of active aurora can be as large as a factor of 8. This work includes a computer-based study of a quantitative approximation of this underrepresentation of the Joule heating by global, large-scale models and experimental observations.
Author : Yukitoshi Nishimura
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128213736
Total Pages : 566 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)
Download or read book Cross-Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System written by Yukitoshi Nishimura and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-12-07 with total page 566 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cross-Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System provides a systematic understanding of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere dynamics. Cross-scale coupling has become increasingly important in the Space Physics community. Although large-scale processes can specify the averaged state of the system reasonably well, they cannot accurately describe localized and rapidly varying structures in space in actual events. Such localized and variable structures can be as intense as the large-scale features. This book covers observations on quantifying coupling and energetics and simulation on evaluating impacts of cross-scale processes. It includes an in-depth review and summary of the current status of multi-scale coupling processes, fundamental physics, and concise illustrations and plots that are usable in tutorial presentations and classrooms. Organized by physical quantities in the system, Cross-Scale Coupling and Energy Transfer in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere-Thermosphere System reviews recent advances in cross-scale coupling and energy transfer processes, making it an important resource for space physicists and researchers working on the magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere. Describes frontier science and major science around M-I-T coupling, allowing for foundational understanding of this emerging field in space physics Reviews recent and key findings in the cutting-edge of the science Discusses open questions and pathways for understanding how the field is evolving
Author : Guy Grubbs II
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781369060454
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling During Active Aurora written by Guy Grubbs II and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, processes which couple the Earth's magnetosphere and ionosphere are examined using observations of aurora from ground-based imaging, in situ electron measurements, and electron transport modeling. The coupling of these regions relies heavily on the energy transport between the two and the ionospheric conductances, which regulate the location and magnitude of the transport. The combination of the datasets described are used to derive the conductances and electron energy populations at the upper boundary of the ionosphere. These values are constrained using error analysis of the observation and measurement techniques and made available to the global magnetosphere modeling community for inclusion as boundary conditions at the magnetosphere and ionosphere coupling region. A comparative study of the active aurora and incident electron distributions was conducted using ground-based measurements and in-situ sounding rocket data. Three narrow-field (47 degree field-of-view) electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD) imagers were located at Venetie, AK which took high spatio-temporal resolution measurements of the aurora using different wavelength filters (427.8 nm, 557.7 nm, and 844.6 nm). The measured emission line ratios were combined with atmospheric modeling in order to predict the total electron energy flux and characteristic electron energy incident on the atmosphere. These predictions were compared with in-situ measurements made by the Ground-to-Rocket Electrodynamics-Electrons Correlative Experiment (GREECE) sounding rocket launched in early 2014. The GREECE particle instruments were modeled using a ray-tracing program, SIMION, in order to predict the instrument responses for different incident particles. Each instrument model was compared with data taken in the lab in order to compare and update the models appropriately. A rocket emulation system was constructed for lab testing prior to and during instrument integration into the rocket and used throughout the project to test instrument response and output. EMCCD imagers were calibrated using known light sources in order to find the imager response at each pixel prior to and during deployment. Electron transport models were modified to use the most recent versions of empirical atmospheric models and chemical reaction rates. The electron transport models showed less than 20% and 50% error for intensity measurements 10 degrees and 20 degrees from magnetic zenith, respectively. An inversion technique was developed in order to derive the characteristics of the in situ electron populations using only the spectral ground-based imaging. The electron populations and atmospheric conductances were characterized, using the inversion technique and the modified Robinson relation, during the St. Patrick's Day storm on 18 March 2015. Discrete arcs contained the most energetic electrons and highest conductances, followed by pulsating aurora and then diffuse aurora. These techniques can be used to constrain the electrons and ionospheric conductances responsible for different types of aurora using imaging data taken over long time periods, when in situ measurements are unavailable.
Author : Charles R. Chappell
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119066778
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System written by Charles R. Chappell and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-10-31 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over a half century of exploration of the Earth’s space environment, it has become evident that the interaction between the ionosphere and the magnetosphere plays a dominant role in the evolution and dynamics of magnetospheric plasmas and fields. Interestingly, it was recently discovered that this same interaction is of fundamental importance at other planets and moons throughout the solar system. Based on papers presented at an interdisciplinary AGU Chapman Conference at Yosemite National Park in February 2014, this volume provides an intellectual and visual journey through our exploration and discovery of the paradigm-changing role that the ionosphere plays in determining the filling and dynamics of Earth and planetary environments. The 2014 Chapman conference marks the 40th anniversary of the initial magnetosphere-ionosphere coupling conference at Yosemite in 1974, and thus gives a four decade perspective of the progress of space science research in understanding these fundamental coupling processes. Digital video links to an online archive containing both the 1974 and 2014 meetings are presented throughout this volume for use as an historical resource by the international heliophysics and planetary science communities. Topics covered in this volume include: Ionosphere as a source of magnetospheric plasma Effects of the low energy ionospheric plasma on the stability and creation of the more energetic plasmas The unified global modeling of the ionosphere and magnetosphere at the Earth and other planets New knowledge of these coupled interactions for heliophysicists and planetary scientists, with a cross-disciplinary approach involving advanced measurement and modeling techniques Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Solar System is a valuable resource for researchers in the fields of space and planetary science, atmospheric science, space physics, astronomy, and geophysics. Read an interview with the editors to find out more: https://eos.org/editors-vox/filling-earths-space-environment-from-the-sun-or-the-earth
Author : Andreas Keiling
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118671538
Total Pages : 794 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (186 download)
Download or read book Auroral Phenomenology and Magnetospheric Processes written by Andreas Keiling and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-09 with total page 794 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 197. Many of the most basic aspects of the aurora remain unexplained. While in the past terrestrial and planetary auroras have been largely treated in separate books, Auroral Phenomenology and Magnetospheric Processes: Earth and Other Planets takes a holistic approach, treating the aurora as a fundamental process and discussing the phenomenology, physics, and relationship with the respective planetary magnetospheres in one volume. While there are some behaviors common in auroras of the different planets, there are also striking differences that test our basic understanding of auroral processes. The objective, upon which this monograph is focused, is to connect our knowledge of auroral morphology to the physical processes in the magnetosphere that power and structure discrete and diffuse auroras. Understanding this connection will result in a more complete explanation of the aurora and also further the goal of being able to interpret the global auroral distributions as a dynamic map of the magnetosphere. The volume synthesizes five major areas: auroral phenomenology, aurora and ionospheric electrodynamics, discrete auroral acceleration, aurora and magnetospheric dynamics, and comparative planetary aurora. Covering the recent advances in observations, simulation, and theory, this book will serve a broad community of scientists, including graduate students, studying auroras at Mars, Earth, Saturn, and Jupiter. Projected beyond our solar system, it may also be of interest for astronomers who are looking for aurora-active exoplanets.
Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309313953
Total Pages : 37 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)
Download or read book Solar and Space Physics written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2014-09-25 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2010, NASA and the National Science Foundation asked the National Research Council to assemble a committee of experts to develop an integrated national strategy that would guide agency investments in solar and space physics for the years 2013-2022. That strategy, the result of nearly 2 years of effort by the survey committee, which worked with more than 100 scientists and engineers on eight supporting study panels, is presented in the 2013 publication, Solar and Space Physics: A Science for a Technological Society. This booklet, designed to be accessible to a broader audience of policymakers and the interested public, summarizes the content of that report.
Author : Beket Tulegenov
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 236 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (112 download)
Download or read book Non-linear Magnetosphere-ionosphere Interactions at High Latitudes written by Beket Tulegenov and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Non-linear, 3D electromagnetic coupling between the ionosphere and magnetosphere is investigated in this dissertation. The study is based on a non-linear, 3D, reduced magnetohydrodynamic model describing interaction between dispersive Alfven waves and the nightside high-latitude ionosphere. Results are presented from a numerical study of small-scale, intense magnetic field-aligned currents observed in the vicinity of the discrete auroral arc by the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling in the Alfven Resonator (MICA) sounding rocket launched from Poker Flat, Alaska, on 19 February 2012. The goal of the MICA project was to investigate the hypothesis that such currents can be produced inside the ionospheric Alfven resonator by the ionospheric feedback instability (IFI) driven by the system of large-scale magnetic field-aligned currents interacting with the ionosphere. Simulations of the reduced 2D MHD model with realistic background parameters confirm that IFI indeed generates small-scale ULF waves inside the IAR with frequency, scale-size, and amplitude showing a good, quantitative agreement with the observations. The 3D model was used to verify the results from the ionospheric heating experiment conducted at the High Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility, Alaska, on March 12, 2013. During the experiment, HAARP transmitted in the direction of the magnetic zenith X-mode 4.57 MHz wave. The transmitted power was modulated with a frequency of 0.9 mHz, and it was pointed on a 20 km spot at the altitude of 120 km. It was observed that this artificially initiated heating 1) generated disturbances in the magnetic field detected with the fluxgate magnetometer on the ground, and 2) produced bright luminous spots in the ionosphere, detected with the HAARP telescope. Numerical simulations of the 3D reduced MHD model reveal that these effects can be related to the magnetic field-aligned currents, excited in the ionosphere by changing the conductivity in the E-region when the large-scale electric field exists in the heating region. The importance of the Hall currents in magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions, carried by ULF waves and field-aligned currents, has been consistently overlooked in studies devoted to the active experiments. Simulations of the 3D two-fluid MHD model, presented in this study, demonstrate that the Hall conductivity changes 1) the growth rate and the amplitude of ULF waves generated by the heating and 2) the orientation and the direction of propagation of the generated waves. These findings provide insight into the experiments where the waves were generated with a geometric modulation technique, and suggest a new and more efficient approach for conducting such experiments in the future."--Abstract.
Author : Ryan Hobson Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 196 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)
Download or read book Effects of Ionospheric Conductance on Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling written by Ryan Hobson Smith and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As mankind becomes more reliant on space systems and vulnerable to the effects of space weather, creating a comprehensive understanding of the near earth space environment has become increasingly important. Observational data about this environment comes from orbiting satellites or from ground-based measurements. In the statistical analysis of these observations, there is an oft observed and currently unexplained dawn-dusk asymmetry in the flow of plasma through the nightside plasma sheet region of the magnetosphere, as well as in the Alfvénic aurora in the ionosphere. This thesis uses a version of the Lyon-Fedder-Mobarry (LFM) global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) code to examine generation of asymmetry in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Controlled simulations using the LFM global model demonstrate that the dawn-dusk asymmetry in plasma sheet flow bursts and Alfvénic auroral power are regulated by the spatial variation in ionospheric conductance. This asymmetry disappears when the conductance is taken to be spatially uniform. Careful examination of currents in the ionosphere shows that the spatial variation in conductance skews the anti-sunward convection of plasma. Analysis indicates that typical distributions of conductance in the ionosphere will induce a clockwise rotation of the convection pattern over the polar cap region. This clockwise rotation causes the closure of open magnetic fiux in the magnetotail to occur preferentially on the duskside, resulting in the observed duskside enhancements in the plasma flow and Alfvénic aurora. Futhermore, non-physical spatial variations in the ionospheric conductance can be used to produce counterclockwise rotations in the convection pattern, leading to increased rates of reconnection and enhancements of plasma flow and Alfvénic aurora on the dawn side of the plasma sheet.
Author : Y. T. Chiu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 21 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (369 download)
Download or read book Auroral Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling written by Y. T. Chiu and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781725033795
Total Pages : 34 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (337 download)
Download or read book Auroral Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-08-13 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Auroral arcs result from the acceleration and precipitation of magnetospheric plasma in narrow regions characterized by strong electric fields both perpendicular and parallel to the earth's magnetic field. The various mechanisms that were proposed for the origin of such strong electric fields are often complementary Such mechanisms include: (1) electrostatic double layers; (2) double reverse shock; (3) anomalous resistivity; (4) magnetic mirroring of hot plasma; and (5) mapping of the magnetospheric-convection electric field through an auroral discontinuity. Chiu, Y. T. and Schulz, M. and Cornwall, J. M. Unspecified Center NASA-CR-158662, ATR-79(9553)-7 NASW-3120...
Author : Chao Huang
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119507553
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (195 download)
Download or read book Space Physics and Aeronomy, Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications written by Chao Huang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive review of global ionospheric research from the polar caps to equatorial regions It's more than a century since scientists first identified the ionosphere, the layer of the Earth’s upper atmosphere that is ionized by solar and cosmic radiation. Our understanding of this dynamic part of the near-Earth space environment has greatly advanced in recent years thanks to new observational technologies, improved numerical models, and powerful computing capabilities. Ionosphere Dynamics and Applications provides a comprehensive overview of historic developments, recent advances, and future directions in ionospheric research. Volume highlights include: Behavior of the ionosphere in different regions from the poles to the equator Distinct characteristics of the high-, mid-, and low-latitude ionosphere Observational results from ground- and space-based instruments Ionospheric impacts on radio signals and satellite operations How earthquakes and tsunamis on Earth cause disturbances in the ionosphere The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals. Find out more about the Space Physics and Aeronomy collection in this Q&A with the Editors in Chief
Author : Tapas Bhattacharya
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 354 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (894 download)
Download or read book Role of Ionospheric Conductance in Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling written by Tapas Bhattacharya and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetosphere-ionosphere (MI) coupling has been studied for a long time. However, not much work has been done on a systematic understanding of the relation between ionospheric Pedersen conductance, its effect on the evolution and modification of field-aligned currents (FACs), and the influence of conductance and FACs on the formation of parallel electric fields which cause particle precipitation. Though the roles of ionospheric conductance gradients for FACs and parallel electric field evolution are directly related, they are poorly understood. This dissertation advances the understanding of these areas and all results of this study are based on numerical simulations that employ a three-dimensional - two-fluid (ions and neutrals) simulation code. The first part of this dissertation presents a systematic study of the magnetospheric and ionospheric influences on the evolution and modification of FACs with focus on the role of ionospheric Pedersen conductance and its gradients. FACs are typically generated in the magnetosphere and are carried into the ionosphere by Alfvén waves. During their reflection from the ionosphere these FACs are modified depending on the magnitude and distribution of ionospheric conductance. For conductance gradients along the polarization of the wave, strong Pedersen currents can be generated which in turn enhance the FAC as well. The second part of this dissertation addresses the properties and evolution of parallel electric fields in an attempt to better understand the formation of discrete auroral arcs in response to the evolution of FACs for predetermined ionospheric conductance patterns. Frequently, auroral acceleration is believed to occur through U or V shaped potentials. Therefore, this part examines the properties of localized parallel electric fields in a uniform magnetic field. It is demonstrated that localized parallel electric fields generate magnetic flux in the absence of source of free energy. It is also shown that parallel electric fields generated in a FAC in the presence of a (anomalous) resistivity represent a load and can provide physical explanation for the auroral acceleration geometry. The results demonstrate that such electric fields can be significantly enhanced by Alfvén wave reflection where both magnitude and gradients of the ionospheric conductance are important. The strongly enhanced parallel electric field is associated with magnetic reconnection and modifies the FAC system such that thin current layers (with curls and folds) are observed to be embedded in the large scale current system.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 25 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book Formation of Auroral Arcs Via Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brilliant displays of light are visible within a polar band of latitudes that surround each of the Earth's geomagnetic poles. These emissions are known as the aurora, and they are a dramatic consequence of the electromagnetic interaction between the Sun and the Earth. Energy is carried from the Sun by the plasma of the solar wind. This plasma impinges upon the magnetic field of the Earth and powers a wide range of electrodynamical phenomena that include the aurora. The aurora itself results from electrons that first are energized at very high altitudes by the solar wind-Earth interactions and then travel down magnetic field lines until they hit the atmosphere. In this tutorial I discuss the basic physical processes that lead to the energization of these electrons and thus to the aurora.
Author : Annika Olsson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 47 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (489 download)
Download or read book Studies of Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling in Auroral Substorms Using Radar and Satellite Techniques written by Annika Olsson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lie Zhu
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 290 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (417 download)
Download or read book A Study of the Magnetosphere-ionosphere Coupling Processes written by Lie Zhu and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Oleg Troshichev
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642168035
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)
Download or read book Space Weather Monitoring by Ground-Based Means written by Oleg Troshichev and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-10 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book demonstrates that the method, based on the ground polar cap magnetic observations is a reliable diagnosis of the solar wind energy coming into the magnetosphere Method for the uninterruptive monitoring of the magnetosphere state (i.e. space weather). It shows that the solar wind energy pumping power, can be described by the PC growth rate, thus, the magnetospheric substorms features are predetermined by the PC dynamics. Furthermore, it goes on to show that the beginning and ending of magnetic storms is predictable. The magnetic storm start only if the solar energy input into the magnetosphere exceeds a certain level and stops when the energy input turns out to be below this level.
