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Effects Of Radiation Damage And Composition On Phase Separation In Borosilicate Nuclear Waste Glasses
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Book Synopsis Effects of Radiation Damage and Composition on Phase Separation in Borosilicate Nuclear Waste Glasses by : Karishma Bhavini Patel
Download or read book Effects of Radiation Damage and Composition on Phase Separation in Borosilicate Nuclear Waste Glasses written by Karishma Bhavini Patel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Radionuclide Decay on Waste Glass Behavior by :
Download or read book Effects of Radionuclide Decay on Waste Glass Behavior written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper is an extension of a chapter in an earlier report [1] that provides an updated review on the status of radiation damage problems in nuclear waste glasses. This report will focus on radiation effects on vitrified borosilicate nuclear waste glasses under conditions expected in the proposed Yucca mountain repository. Radiation effects on high-level waste glasses and their surrounding repository environment are important considerations for radionuclide immobilization because of the potential to alter the glass stability and thereby influence the radionuclide retentive properties of this waste form. The influence of radionuclide decay on vitrified nuclear waste may be manifested by several changes, including volume, stored energy, structure, microstructure, mechanical properties, and phase separation. Radiation may also affect the composition of aqueous fluids and atmospheric gases in relatively close proximity to the waste form. What is important to the radionuclide retentive properties of the repository is how these radiation effects collectively or individually influence the durability and radionuclide release from the glass in the event of liquid water contact.
Book Synopsis Ceramic & glass radioactive waste forms by : C. R. Cooley
Download or read book Ceramic & glass radioactive waste forms written by C. R. Cooley and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Specimen animadversionum in epistolam syricacam Semeonis Beth - Arsamensisde Barsauma episcopo Nisibeno deque haeresi Nestorianorum by :
Download or read book Specimen animadversionum in epistolam syricacam Semeonis Beth - Arsamensisde Barsauma episcopo Nisibeno deque haeresi Nestorianorum written by and published by . This book was released on 1788 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Radiation Effects on Transport and Bubble Formation in Silicate Glasses by :
Download or read book Radiation Effects on Transport and Bubble Formation in Silicate Glasses written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using advanced magnetic resonance spectroscopies and small-cluster modeling, atomic structure of radiation-induced point defects in alkali borate, silicate, and borosilicate glasses is fully characterized. It is shown that in boron-containing glasses, most of these point defects are electrons/holes trapped by cation/anion vacancies, such as O1 - - O3 + valence-alternation pairs. In microscopically phase-separated borosilicate glasses, radiation-induced defects are found to cluster at the interface between the borate and silicate phases. Reaction and diffusion dynamics of defect-annealing interstitial hydrogen atoms in boron and silica oxide glasses are studied. The yield of radiolytic O2 is estimated. This oxygen is shown to be the final product of triplet exciton decay. Plausible mechanisms for the oxygen bubble formation are put forward. Two practical conclusions relevant for the EMSP mission are made: First, the yield of radiolytic oxygen is shown to be too low to interfere with the storage of vitrified radioactive waste in the first 10 Kyr. Second, microscopic phase separation is demonstrated to increase both the chemical and radiation stability of borosilicate glass.
Book Synopsis A Review of Phase Separation in Borosilicate Glasses, with Reference to Nuclear Fuel Waste Immobilization by : Peter Taylor
Download or read book A Review of Phase Separation in Borosilicate Glasses, with Reference to Nuclear Fuel Waste Immobilization written by Peter Taylor and published by Pinawa, Man. : Whiteshell Laboratories. This book was released on 1990 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Influence of Radiation and Multivalent Cation Additions on Phase Separation and Crystallization of Glass by :
Download or read book The Influence of Radiation and Multivalent Cation Additions on Phase Separation and Crystallization of Glass written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major objectives of this proposed investigation are as follows: (1) To investigate the influence of multivalent cations on the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase separation and crystallization in simple model glasses. (2) To study the influence of a and b particle, heavy ion bombardment and g irradiation on phase separation and crystallization in simple model glasses. (3) To examine the structural changes produced by radiation just prior to the onset of phase separation and/or crystallization. (4) To develop models to explain the observed effects of multivalent cations and radiation on phase separation and crystallization. (5) To utilize the results of these experimental and modeling studies to provide guidelines for the allowed range of composition choices and processing conditions in order to avoid the formation of unwanted phases in nuclear waste disposal glasses.
Book Synopsis The Influence of Radiation and Multivalent Cation Additions on Phase Separation and Crystallization of Glass. 1998 Annual Progress Report by :
Download or read book The Influence of Radiation and Multivalent Cation Additions on Phase Separation and Crystallization of Glass. 1998 Annual Progress Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major objectives of this proposed investigation are as follows: (1) To investigate the influence of multivalent cations on the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase separationand crystallization in simple model glasses. (2) To study the influence of a and b particle, heavy ion bombardment and g irradiation on phase separation and crystallization in simple model glasses. (3) To examine the structural changes produced by radiation just prior to the onset of phase separation and/or crystallization. (4) To develop models to explain the observed effects of multivalent cations and radiation on phase separation and crystallization. (5) To utilize the results of these experimental and modeling studies to provide guidelines for the allowed range of composition choices and processing conditions in order to avoid the formation of unwanted phases in nuclear waste disposal glasses. At the fundamental level, the effects of radiation, of transition metal ion additions, and of melting history in the case of multi-valent cations, on phase separation and crystallization behavior will be evaluated for simple glasses whose baseline behavior is characterized and understood. At the practical level, the program will determine the magnitude of the risk associated with the effects of radiation in inducing phase separation and crystallization. It will also provide approaches to ameliorating such effects through controlled complementary dopants and control of melting/processing conditions.
Book Synopsis Influence Of Radiation And Multivalent Cation Additions On Phase Separation And Crystallization Of Glass by :
Download or read book Influence Of Radiation And Multivalent Cation Additions On Phase Separation And Crystallization Of Glass written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major objectives of this proposed investigation are as follows: (1) To investigate the influence of multivalent cations on the thermodynamics and kinetics of phase separation and crystallization in simple model glasses. (2) To study the influence of a and b particle, heavy ion bombardment and g irradiation on phase separation and crystallization in simple model glasses. (3) To examine the structural changes produced by radiation just prior to the onset of phase separation and/or crystallization. (4) To develop models to explain the observed effects of multivalent cations and radiation on phase separation and crystallization. (5) To utilize the results of these experimental and modeling studies to provide guidelines for the allowed range of composition choices and processing conditions in order to avoid the formation of unwanted phases in nuclear waste disposal glasses.
Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture Two Volume Set by : Pascal Richet
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture Two Volume Set written by Pascal Richet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-02-05 with total page 1568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia begins with an introduction summarizing itsscope and content. Glassmaking; Structure of Glass, GlassPhysics,Transport Properties, Chemistry of Glass, Glass and Light,Inorganic Glass Families, Organic Glasses, Glass and theEnvironment, Historical and Economical Aspect of Glassmaking,History of Glass, Glass and Art, and outlinepossible newdevelopments and uses as presented by the best known people in thefield (C.A. Angell, for example). Sections and chapters arearranged in a logical order to ensure overall consistency and avoiduseless repetitions. All sections are introduced by a briefintroduction and attractive illustration. Newly investigatedtopics will be addresses, with the goal of ensuring that thisEncyclopedia remains a reference work for years to come.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Semiannual, with semiannual and annual indexes. References to all scientific and technical literature coming from DOE, its laboratories, energy centers, and contractors. Includes all works deriving from DOE, other related government-sponsored information, and foreign nonnuclear information. Arranged under 39 categories, e.g., Biomedical sciences, basic studies; Biomedical sciences, applied studies; Health and safety; and Fusion energy. Entry gives bibliographical information and abstract. Corporate, author, subject, report number indexes.
Book Synopsis Annual Progress Report to Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratories on Prediction of Phase Separation of Simulated Nuclear Waste Glasses by :
Download or read book Annual Progress Report to Battelle Pacific Northwest National Laboratories on Prediction of Phase Separation of Simulated Nuclear Waste Glasses written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research is to predict the immiscibility boundaries of multi-component borosilicate glasses, on which many nuclear waste glass compositions are based. The method used is similar to the prediction method of immiscibility boundaries of multi-component silicate glass systems successfully made earlier and is based upon the superposition of immiscibility boundaries of simple systems using an appropriate parameter. This method is possible because many immiscibility boundaries have similar shapes and can be scaled by a parameter. In the alkali and alkaline earth binary silicate systems, for example, the critical temperature and compositions were scaled using the Debye-Hueckel theory. In the present study on borosilicate systems, first, immiscibility boundaries of various binary alkali and alkaline borate glass systems (e.g. BaO-B2O3) were examined and their critical temperatures were evaluated in terms of Debye-Hueckel theory. The mixing effects of two alkali and alkaline-earth borate systems on the critical temperature were also explored. Next immiscibility boundaries of ternary borosilicate glasses (e.g. Na2O-SiO2-B2O3, K2O-SiO2-B2O3, Rb2O-SiO2-B2O3, and Cs2O-SiO2-B2O3) were examined. Their mixing effects are currently under investigation.
Book Synopsis Code for Air Raid Shelters, Buildings and Mines by :
Download or read book Code for Air Raid Shelters, Buildings and Mines written by and published by . This book was released on 1942* with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Glass as a Waste Form and Vitrification Technology by : National Research Council
Download or read book Glass as a Waste Form and Vitrification Technology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1997-03-02 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Technical Status Report on the Effect of Phosphate and Aluminum on the Development of Amorphous Phase Separation in Sodium Borosilicate Glasses by :
Download or read book Technical Status Report on the Effect of Phosphate and Aluminum on the Development of Amorphous Phase Separation in Sodium Borosilicate Glasses written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of the Tank Focus Area ''Optimize Waste Loading'' task is to enhance the definition of the acceptable processing window for high-level waste vitrification plants. One possible manner in which the acceptable processing window may be enhanced is by reducing the uncertainty of various compositional/property models through a specifically defined experimental plan. A reduction in model uncertainty can reduce limitations on current acceptance constraints and may allow for a larger processing or operational window. Enhanced composition/property model predictions coupled with an increased waste loading may decrease the processing time and waste glass disposal costs (i.e., overall lifecycle costs). One of the compositional/property models currently being evaluated by the Tanks Focus Area is related to the development of amorphous phase separation in multi-component borosilicate glasses. Described in this report is the current status for evaluating the effect of phosphorus and alumina on both simple sodium borosilicate and high-level waste glasses on the formation of amorphous phase separation. The goal of this subtask is to increase the understanding of the formation of phase separation by adding significant amounts (3-5 wt. percent) of phosphorus and alumina to well-characterized glasses. Additional scope includes evaluating the effects of thermal history on the formation of amorphous phase separation and durability of select glasses. The development of data, understanding, and quantitative description for composition and kinetic effects on the development of amorphous phase separation will continue in FY99. This effort will provide insight into the compositional and thermal effects on phase stability and will lead to a better understanding of the methods used to predict the development of amorphous phase separation in HLW glasses.
Book Synopsis Phase Behavior and Radiation Effects in High Level Waste Class by :
Download or read book Phase Behavior and Radiation Effects in High Level Waste Class written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Results are presented that demonstrate that detailed and reproducible data can be obtained for complex waste glasses. For the major glass composition examined, thermal treatment was shown to cause formation of several crystalline phases which contribute to an increased leachability. Although not discussed in detail here, Zn2SiO4 formation results in microcracking due to a thermal expansion mismatch with the glass matrix, and SrMoO4 has a higher leachability than the glass matrix. The temperature dependence describing equilibrium concentrations of these two phases and a qualitative understanding of ingrowth kinetics have been established, hence conditions necessary to eliminate their formation during processing and early storage, are known. Radiation damage effects, when extrapolated to long times, suggest energy storage of approximately 50 cal/gram and either positive or negative density changes occur (depending on the glass composition) in the 1 percent range. No radiation damage-related changes of serious concern have been found for homogeneous glasses by 244Cm doping experiments now approaching a simulated damage time of approximately 103 years (for UO2 fuel wastes). More work is needed concerning heterogeneous damage which will occur in devitrified glasses. As a final point, the complications with respect to understanding behavior of polyphase systems with respect to either radiation damage or leaching behavior, are self evident. Homogeneous glasses with improved leach resistance, and thermal and radiation stability are clear objectives for future glass development.
Download or read book Radioactive Waste Management written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
