Effects Of Orientation Change On Spatial Learning Of Novel Environments On Younger And Older Adults

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Effects of Orientation Change on Spatial Learning of Novel Environments on Younger and Older Adults

Author : Michael J. Fox
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (918 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Orientation Change on Spatial Learning of Novel Environments on Younger and Older Adults by : Michael J. Fox

Download or read book Effects of Orientation Change on Spatial Learning of Novel Environments on Younger and Older Adults written by Michael J. Fox and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Yamamoto and DeGirolamo (2012) found that increasing age has unequal effects of impairment on spatial learning dependent on the perspective in which an environment is learned. Further, the learned condition of ground-level perspective (first-person exploratory) showed greater decline in elderly participants than was found in aerial (map reading) conditions. These results supported previous research involving fMRI scans implicating the medial temporal lobe (MTL) role in exploratory navigation of novel environments and MRI scans indicating MTL atrophy with age. However, Yamamoto and DeGirolamo (2012) did not consider the effects of conducting the experiment with one condition being presented with changing orientation (ground-level) and the other condition having fixed orientation (aerial). Utilizing new research revealing the MTL's role in orientation processing, the present study reexamined Yamamoto and DeGirolamo (2012) findings with the introduction of the condition aerial-with-turns (map reading with changing orientation). The findings of this experiment suggest changing orientation in the learning condition has greater impact on elderly participants' performance of spatial learning tasks than that of the perspective in which the learning condition is in.

Making Space

Author : Nora Newcombe
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262640503
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Making Space by : Nora Newcombe

Download or read book Making Space written by Nora Newcombe and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Argues for an interactionist approach to spatial development that incorporates and integrates essential insights of the Piaget, Nativist, and Vygotskyan approaches.

The Emerging Spatial Mind

Author : Jodie M. Plumert
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195345940
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Emerging Spatial Mind by : Jodie M. Plumert

Download or read book The Emerging Spatial Mind written by Jodie M. Plumert and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-12 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How does the spatial mind develop? In this book, Jodie Plumert and John Spencer bring together the leading researchers from the field of spatial cognitive development to examine how the spatial mind emerges from its humble origins in infancy and becomes its mature, flexible, and skilled adult form. The work presented sheds light on how the emerging spatial mind is fostered and shaped over time by our experiences of thinking about and interacting in the space around us. Each chapter presents cutting-edge research and theory that addresses the two pivotal questions of what changes in the spatial mind, and how these changes come about. The authors provide both conceptual and formal theoretical accounts of developmental process at multiple levels of analysis--genes, neurons, behaviors, social interactions--creating a contemporary overview of the general mechanisms of cognitive change. Commentary chapters show how the developmental advances discussed in these accounts fit into our understanding of not only spatial cognitive development, but also spatial cognition more generally.

Novel insights in rehabilitation of neglect, 2nd Edition

Author : Stefan Van Der Stigchel
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889194094
Total Pages : 270 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel insights in rehabilitation of neglect, 2nd Edition by : Stefan Van Der Stigchel

Download or read book Novel insights in rehabilitation of neglect, 2nd Edition written by Stefan Van Der Stigchel and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-01-09 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hemispatial neglect is the failure to report, respond to, or orient to novel or meaningful stimuli presented in the contralesional visual field. It constitutes one of the most invalidating neurological disorders that can occur after stroke. It is therefore important to treat neglect as adequate as possible and much of the research dedicated to neglect therefore focuses on rehabilitation. In this special topic, you will find 29 articles on the rehabilitation of neglect. This Research Topic has opened new perspectives, and has given us an indication of where the field is going. Although some of the current rehabilitation techniques have proven to be beneficial, there is limited agreement on the most valuable technique or the mechanisms underlying the ameliorating effects.

Cognitive Aging

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309368650
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Cognitive Aging by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Cognitive Aging written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-21 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For most Americans, staying "mentally sharp" as they age is a very high priority. Declines in memory and decision-making abilities may trigger fears of Alzheimer's disease or other neurodegenerative diseases. However, cognitive aging is a natural process that can have both positive and negative effects on cognitive function in older adults - effects that vary widely among individuals. At this point in time, when the older population is rapidly growing in the United States and across the globe, it is important to examine what is known about cognitive aging and to identify and promote actions that individuals, organizations, communities, and society can take to help older adults maintain and improve their cognitive health. Cognitive Aging assesses the public health dimensions of cognitive aging with an emphasis on definitions and terminology, epidemiology and surveillance, prevention and intervention, education of health professionals, and public awareness and education. This report makes specific recommendations for individuals to reduce the risks of cognitive decline with aging. Aging is inevitable, but there are actions that can be taken by individuals, families, communities, and society that may help to prevent or ameliorate the impact of aging on the brain, understand more about its impact, and help older adults live more fully and independent lives. Cognitive aging is not just an individual or a family or a health care system challenge. It is an issue that affects the fabric of society and requires actions by many and varied stakeholders. Cognitive Aging offers clear steps that individuals, families, communities, health care providers and systems, financial organizations, community groups, public health agencies, and others can take to promote cognitive health and to help older adults live fuller and more independent lives. Ultimately, this report calls for a societal commitment to cognitive aging as a public health issue that requires prompt action across many sectors.

Longitudinal Aging Research: Cognition, Behavior and Neuroscience

Author : Lutz Jäncke
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889768309
Total Pages : 253 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Longitudinal Aging Research: Cognition, Behavior and Neuroscience by : Lutz Jäncke

Download or read book Longitudinal Aging Research: Cognition, Behavior and Neuroscience written by Lutz Jäncke and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-08-22 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Spatial memory – a unique window into healthy and pathological ageing

Author : Thomas Wolbers
Publisher : Frontiers E-books
ISBN 13 : 2889193861
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (891 download)

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Book Synopsis Spatial memory – a unique window into healthy and pathological ageing by : Thomas Wolbers

Download or read book Spatial memory – a unique window into healthy and pathological ageing written by Thomas Wolbers and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2015-01-09 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global population aged over 60 is set to rise dramatically in the coming decades. In many countries, the older population now faces the prospect of spending a quarter of their lives aged over 65, and a significant proportion will have to cope with cognitive decline associated with normal ageing or with dementia disorders. Given that these fundamental demographic changes will pose a significant challenge to health care systems, a detailed understanding of age-related cognitive and neurobiological changes is essential in helping elderly populations maintain cognitive performance. In addition, developing sensitive biomarkers to identify those at risk of developing dementia is crucial for early and effective interventions. To make inferences about the ageing process from the animal model back to the human, rigorous behavioral paradigms must be used to ensure that the same function is being examined across species. Given that similar navigational paradigms can easily be applied to humans and animals, recent years have seen an expansion of studies attempting to bridge the gap between age-related changes in animal and human spatial cognition. These studies begin to suggest that disruptions in spatial computations are among the earliest indicators of impending cognitive decline. In addition, although many animal studies have identified pathological mechanisms with paradigms involving spatial navigation, these mechanisms support many nonspatial cognitive functions as well. As a consequence, a successful characterization of how spatial processing changes in the ageing brain could reveal fundamental effects of cognitive ageing that could inform about general mechanisms underlying decline in perception, mnemonic processing and multisensory integration.

Wayfinding Behavior

Author : Reginald G. Golledge
Publisher : JHU Press
ISBN 13 : 9780801859939
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (599 download)

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Book Synopsis Wayfinding Behavior by : Reginald G. Golledge

Download or read book Wayfinding Behavior written by Reginald G. Golledge and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The metaphor of a "cognitive map" has attracted interest since the 1940s. Researchers from many fields have explored how humans process and use spatial information, why they make errors or not. This text brings together contributors from diverse fields to explore the

Neuropsychology of Space

Author : Albert Postma
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0128017945
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuropsychology of Space by : Albert Postma

Download or read book Neuropsychology of Space written by Albert Postma and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-09-19 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Neuropsychology of Space: Spatial Functions of the Human Brain summarizes recent research findings related to understanding the brain mechanisms involved in spatial reasoning, factors that adversely impact spatial reasoning, and the clinical implications of rehabilitating people who have experienced trauma affecting spatial reasoning. This book will appeal to cognitive psychologists, neuropsychologists, and clinical psychologists. Spatial information processing is central to many aspects of cognitive psychology including perception, attention, motor action, memory, reasoning, and communication. Any behavioural task involves mentally computing spaces, mechanics, and timing and many mental tasks may require thinking about these aspects as well (e.g. imaging the route to a destination). Discusses how spatial processing is central to perception, attention, memory, reasoning, and communication Identifies the brain architecture and processes involved in spatial processing Describes theories of spatial processing and how empirical evidence support or refute theories Includes case studies of neuropsychological disorders to better illustrate theoretical concepts Provides an applied perspective of how spatial perception acts in the real world Contains rehabilitation possibilities for spatial function loss

How People Learn II

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309459672
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis How People Learn II by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book How People Learn II written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-09-27 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are many reasons to be curious about the way people learn, and the past several decades have seen an explosion of research that has important implications for individual learning, schooling, workforce training, and policy. In 2000, How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School: Expanded Edition was published and its influence has been wide and deep. The report summarized insights on the nature of learning in school-aged children; described principles for the design of effective learning environments; and provided examples of how that could be implemented in the classroom. Since then, researchers have continued to investigate the nature of learning and have generated new findings related to the neurological processes involved in learning, individual and cultural variability related to learning, and educational technologies. In addition to expanding scientific understanding of the mechanisms of learning and how the brain adapts throughout the lifespan, there have been important discoveries about influences on learning, particularly sociocultural factors and the structure of learning environments. How People Learn II: Learners, Contexts, and Cultures provides a much-needed update incorporating insights gained from this research over the past decade. The book expands on the foundation laid out in the 2000 report and takes an in-depth look at the constellation of influences that affect individual learning. How People Learn II will become an indispensable resource to understand learning throughout the lifespan for educators of students and adults.

Wayfinding and Navigation: Strengths and Weaknesses in Atypical and Clinical Populations

Author : Chiara Meneghetti
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889661881
Total Pages : 188 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)

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Book Synopsis Wayfinding and Navigation: Strengths and Weaknesses in Atypical and Clinical Populations by : Chiara Meneghetti

Download or read book Wayfinding and Navigation: Strengths and Weaknesses in Atypical and Clinical Populations written by Chiara Meneghetti and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-09 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

From Oxidative Stress to Cognitive Decline - Towards Novel Therapeutic Approaches

Author : Touqeer Ahmed
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832534104
Total Pages : 193 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)

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Book Synopsis From Oxidative Stress to Cognitive Decline - Towards Novel Therapeutic Approaches by : Touqeer Ahmed

Download or read book From Oxidative Stress to Cognitive Decline - Towards Novel Therapeutic Approaches written by Touqeer Ahmed and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-01 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oxidative stress plays multiple roles in the pathobiology of several neurodegenerative disorders and Alzheimer’s disease in particular. Increased oxidative stress in the brain is suggested to be associated with aging, greater amounts of easily oxidizable unsaturated fatty acids, higher utilization of oxygen by the brain, mitochondrial-derived free radicals, calcium homeostasis, and glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Moreover, environmental chemicals/toxins, heavy metals, and an imbalanced diet might increase oxidative stress potentially leading to a decrease in cognitive functions. Cellular health is also dependent on the levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). It has been well documented that NAD+ is an important coenzyme for over 400 different oxidoreductases and turns out to be a relevant factor to the oxidative stress in the brain. Since the last two decades, NAD+ has been shown to be more than a mere regulator of metabolism, but rather may play a key role in the aging process. NAD+ along with sirtuins are important for various neurophysiological functions, and depletion of NAD+ may be associated with compromised physiological and cognitive functions. To protect the brain from oxidative stress, a modest endogenous protective system works in the brain through dedicated enzymatic machinery. Key enzymes are superoxide dismutase and catalase, which provide protection against oxidative stress. Aging, various neurological disorders, and chronic inflammation might also affect the levels of these protective enzymes and reduce their levels. Natural compounds, including polyphenols, can offer protection through NAD+ and various other mechanisms. Based on these factors it is becoming more and more clear that oxidative stress and its devastating effects on cognitive decline represents a major health issue in neurobiology. There is a need to identify potential compounds and therapeutic targets for mitigating oxidative stress and/or to strengthen the protective endogenous mechanisms. Novel approaches aiming to support and provide protective mechanisms in the brain will represent a great success in therapeutics. We welcome all article types focusing on the analysis and investigation of oxidative stress - originated from different sources - and its impairing effects on the brain. We will also accept studies investigating naturally occurring compounds, standard medications, and nutraceuticals that have an impact on oxidative stress, NAD+ metabolism and medical and health applications. For this, the aim of this Research Topic is to provide novel insights on oxidative stress (induced by any mechanism) impact on brain health, and on the strengthening of brain-protective mechanisms, supporting cognitive functions.

Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309324882
Total Pages : 587 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 by : National Research Council

Download or read book Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-07-23 with total page 587 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children are already learning at birth, and they develop and learn at a rapid pace in their early years. This provides a critical foundation for lifelong progress, and the adults who provide for the care and the education of young children bear a great responsibility for their health, development, and learning. Despite the fact that they share the same objective - to nurture young children and secure their future success - the various practitioners who contribute to the care and the education of children from birth through age 8 are not acknowledged as a workforce unified by the common knowledge and competencies needed to do their jobs well. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 explores the science of child development, particularly looking at implications for the professionals who work with children. This report examines the current capacities and practices of the workforce, the settings in which they work, the policies and infrastructure that set qualifications and provide professional learning, and the government agencies and other funders who support and oversee these systems. This book then makes recommendations to improve the quality of professional practice and the practice environment for care and education professionals. These detailed recommendations create a blueprint for action that builds on a unifying foundation of child development and early learning, shared knowledge and competencies for care and education professionals, and principles for effective professional learning. Young children thrive and learn best when they have secure, positive relationships with adults who are knowledgeable about how to support their development and learning and are responsive to their individual progress. Transforming the Workforce for Children Birth Through Age 8 offers guidance on system changes to improve the quality of professional practice, specific actions to improve professional learning systems and workforce development, and research to continue to build the knowledge base in ways that will directly advance and inform future actions. The recommendations of this book provide an opportunity to improve the quality of the care and the education that children receive, and ultimately improve outcomes for children.

The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components

Author : Steven J. Luck
Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0195374142
Total Pages : 665 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components by : Steven J. Luck

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components written by Steven J. Luck and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2012-01-12 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Event-Related Potential Components provides a detailed and comprehensive overview of the major ERP components. It covers components related to multiple research domains, including perception, cognition, emotion, neurological and psychiatric disorders, and lifespan development.

Spatial Biases in Perception and Cognition

Author : Timothy L. Hubbard
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107154987
Total Pages : 505 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Spatial Biases in Perception and Cognition by : Timothy L. Hubbard

Download or read book Spatial Biases in Perception and Cognition written by Timothy L. Hubbard and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous spatial biases influence navigation, interactions, and preferences in our environment. This volume considers their influences on perception and memory.

Foundations of Orientation and Mobility

Author : William R. Wiener
Publisher : American Foundation for the Blind
ISBN 13 : 0891284486
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (912 download)

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Book Synopsis Foundations of Orientation and Mobility by : William R. Wiener

Download or read book Foundations of Orientation and Mobility written by William R. Wiener and published by American Foundation for the Blind. This book was released on 2010 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Foundations of Orientation and Mobility, the classic professional reference and textbook has been completely revised and expanded to two volumes by the most knowledgeable experts in the field. The new third edition includes both the latest research in O&M and expanded information on practice and teaching strategies. Volume 1, History and Theory, includes the bases of O&M knowledge, including perception, orientation, low vision, audition, kinesiology, psychosocial issues, and learning theories, as well as chapters on technology, dog guides, orientation aids, and environmental accessibility. A section on the profession of O&M includes its international history; administration, assessment and program planning; and a chapter on research in O&M. No O&M student or professional can afford to be without this essential resource.

Physical Examination and Health Assessment - Canadian E-Book

Author : Carolyn Jarvis
Publisher : Elsevier Health Sciences
ISBN 13 : 0323875092
Total Pages : 983 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Physical Examination and Health Assessment - Canadian E-Book by : Carolyn Jarvis

Download or read book Physical Examination and Health Assessment - Canadian E-Book written by Carolyn Jarvis and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2023-03-14 with total page 983 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how to take a clear, logical, and holistic approach to physical examination and health assessment across the lifespan! Using easy-to-follow language, detailed illustrations, summary checklists, and new learning resources, Physical Examination & Health Assessment, 4th Canadian Edition, is the gold-standard in physical examination textbooks. This new edition reflects today’s nursing practice with a greater focus on diverse communities, evidence-informed content throughout, and new and enhanced case studies focusing on critical thinking and clinical judgement. It's easy to see why this text is #1 with Canadian nursing students! Approximately 150 normal and abnormal examination photos for the nose, mouth, throat, thorax, and pediatric assessment give you a fresh perspective on these key system examinations, with cultural diversity and developmental variations. Social determinants of health considerations cover the shifting landscape of Canada’s populations with strategies for integrating social, economic, and ethnocultural diversity into students’ health assessments. Assessment strategies relevant to Indigenous populations, harm reduction, nutrition, and transgender persons inform practitioners on respectful, complete care. Sectional colour bars segment body systems according to content — Structure and Function, Subjective Data, Objective Data, Documentation and Critical Thinking, Abnormal Findings. Documentation and critical thinking sections provide real world clinical examples of specific patients and how to document assessment findings. Abnormal findings tables help you recognize, sort, and describe abnormalities. Separate chapter on pregnancy provides a thorough foundation for assessing the pregnant patient. Developmental Considerations sections highlight content specific to infants, children, adolescents, pregnant individuals, and older adults. Content covering the electronic health record, charting, and narrative recording provides examples of how to document assessment findings. Two-column format distinguishes normal findings from abnormal findings and uses full-colour, step-by-step photos to clarify examination techniques and expected findings. Promoting Health boxes focus on this key aspect of Canadian health care. Summary checklists offer reviews of key examination steps.