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Effects Of Locus Of Control And Social Stress On Alcohol Consumption
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Book Synopsis Two Economists' Musings on the Stability of Locus of Control by : Deborah A. Cobb-Clark
Download or read book Two Economists' Musings on the Stability of Locus of Control written by Deborah A. Cobb-Clark and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Empirical studies of the role of non-cognitive skills in driving economic behavior often rely heavily on the assumption that these skills are stable over the relevant time frame. We analyze the change in a specific non-cognitive skill, i.e. locus of control, in order to directly assess the validity of this assumption. We find that short- and medium-run changes in locus of control are rather modest on average, are concentrated among the young or very old, do not appear to be related to the demographic, labor market, and health events that individuals experience, and are unlikely to be economically meaningful. Still, there is no evidence that locus of control is truly time-invariant implying that the use of lagged measures results in an errors-in-variables problem that could downward bias the estimated wage return to locus of control by as much as 50 percent. Those researchers wishing to analyze the economic consequences of non-cognitive skills should consider (i) restricting their analysis to the working-age population for whom there is little evidence of systematic change in skill levels and (ii) accounting for error in the skill measures they employ.
Book Synopsis The Genetics of Alcoholism by : Henri Begleiter
Download or read book The Genetics of Alcoholism written by Henri Begleiter and published by Alcohol and Alcoholism. This book was released on 1995 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides an in-depth look at the genetic influences that contribute to the development of alcoholism. Part I: Epidemiologic Studies contains five chapters that examine the various approaches employed in the study of the genetics of alcoholism. It provides a historical perspective and details all the essentials of this subject. Part II: Selective Breeding Studies highlights the results of research involving the selective breeding of rodents. This type of research has produced homogenous strains exhibiting specific behavioral responses considered significant in the development and maintenance of alcohol dependence. The studies presented in Part III: Phenotypic Studies investigate and analyze phenotypic markers that serve as correlates to the genotypic determinants of alcoholism. Through its broad scope, this volume provides for the first time a panoramic view of the knowledge available on the hereditary influences of alcoholism.
Book Synopsis Theories on Drug Abuse by : National Institute on Drug Abuse. Division of Research
Download or read book Theories on Drug Abuse written by National Institute on Drug Abuse. Division of Research and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determinants of Substance Abuse by : Mark Galizio
Download or read book Determinants of Substance Abuse written by Mark Galizio and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the recent increase in the scope of drug and alcohol problems has come an awareness of the need for solutions. In this context, federal support for research on drug problems increased tremendously during the last 10 to 15 years with the establishment of the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). Funding from these and other sources has led to a substantial increase in the quantity and quality ofpublished work related to substance abuse. As data accumulate, it is becoming more apparent that substance abuse problems are extremely complex and are influenced by a variety ofbiological psychological, and environmental variables. Un fortunately it has proved difficult to go beyond this conclusion to a de scription of how these multiple factors work tagether to influence the development of, and recovery from, drug and alcohol dependence. The purpose of this book is to try to meet that objective by including, in one volume, Iiterature reviews and theoretical analyses from a wide variety of drug researchers. We chose the authors in an attempt to assure that each of the various Ievels of analysis appropriate to the substance abuse problems would be included. In each case, the author was asked to consider how the variables in is or her particular domain might con tribute to the appearance of individual differences in both alcohol and drug problems.
Book Synopsis Alcohol and Public Policy by : National Research Council
Download or read book Alcohol and Public Policy written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1981-02-01 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Psychology of Adaptation To Absurdity by : Seymour Fisher
Download or read book The Psychology of Adaptation To Absurdity written by Seymour Fisher and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-02-25 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major goal of this book is to explore and integrate all that is scientifically known about the utility of magical plans and strategies for coping with life's inevitable absurdities. Make-believe has great adaptive value and helps the average individual to function better in cultures saturated with puzzling contradictions. This book traces the origins of pretending (illusion-construction) and the developmental phases of this skill. Further, it analyzes how parents depend on pretending to secure conformity and self-control from their children. It unravels the ways in which make-believe is utilized to defend against death-anxiety and feelings of fragility. It examines the relationship between pretending and the classical defense mechanisms -- and particularly weighs the evidence bearing on the potential protective power of embracing religious beliefs. Finally, it defines the diverse contributions of make-believe to the construction of the self-concept, the defensive maneuvers typifying psychopathology, and the maintenance of somatic health. In short, this book pulls together a spectrum of scientific information concerning the defensive value of illusory make-believe in coping with those aspects of life -- such as death, loss, suffering, and injustice -- that are experienced as unreasonable and beyond understanding. The volume is unique not only in the breadth of the literature it analyzes but also in demonstrating the contribution of make-believe to both the psychological and somatic aspects of behavior. No previous work has documented in such detail and across so many domains how basic the capacity to engage in make-believe is to human adaptation.
Book Synopsis Handbook of the Sociology of Mental Health by : Carol S. Aneshensel
Download or read book Handbook of the Sociology of Mental Health written by Carol S. Aneshensel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook describes ways in which society shapes the mental health of its members, and shapes the lives of those who have been identified as mentally ill. The text explores the social conditions that lead to behaviors defined as mental illness, and the ways in which the concept of mental illness is socially constructed around those behaviors. The book also reviews research that examines socially conditioned responses to mental illness on the part of individuals and institutions, and ways in which these responses affect persons with mental illness. It evaluates where the field has been, identifies its current location and plots a course for the future.
Book Synopsis Master's Theses in the Arts and Social Sciences by :
Download or read book Master's Theses in the Arts and Social Sciences written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Stress and Addiction by : Mustafa al'Absi
Download or read book Stress and Addiction written by Mustafa al'Absi and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-04-28 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stress is one of the most commonly reported precipitants of drug use and is considered the number one cause of relapse to drug abuse. For the past several decades, there have been a number of significant advances in research focusing on the neurobiological and psychosocial aspects of stress and addiction; along with this growth came the recognition of the importance of understanding the interaction of biological and psychosocial factors that influence risk for initiation and maintenance of addictive behaviors. Recent research has started to specifically focus on understanding the nature of how stress contributes to addiction - this research has influenced the way we think about addiction and its etiological factors and has produced exciting possibilities for developing effective intervention strategies; to date there has been no available book to integrate this literature. This highly focused work integrates and consolidates available knowledge to provide a resource for researchers and practitioners and for trainees in multiple fields. Stress and Addiction will help neuroscientists, social scientists, and mental health providers in addressing the role of stress in addictive behaviors; the volume is also useful as a reference book for those conducting research in this field. - Integrates theoretical and practical issues related to stress and addiction - Includes case studies illustrating where an emotional state and addictive behavior represent a prominent feature of the clinical presentation - Cross-disciplinary coverage with contributions by by scientists and practitioners from multiple fields, including psychology, neuroscience, neurobiology, and medicine
Book Synopsis A multidisciplinary approach towards understanding and solving social dilemmas by : Lei Wang
Download or read book A multidisciplinary approach towards understanding and solving social dilemmas written by Lei Wang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-04-17 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Alcohol and the Nervous System by : Edith V. Sullivan
Download or read book Alcohol and the Nervous System written by Edith V. Sullivan and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-10-08 with total page 703 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alcohol is the most widely used drug in the world, yet alcoholism remains a serious addiction affecting nearly 20 million Americans. Our current understanding of alcohol's effect on brain structure and related functional damage is being revolutionized by genetic research, basic neuroscience, brain imaging science, and systematic study of cognitive, sensory, and motor abilities. Volume 125 of the Handbook of Clinical Neurology is a comprehensive, in-depth treatise of studies on alcohol and the brain covering the basic understanding of alcohol's effect on the central nervous system, the diagnosis and treatment of alcoholism, and prospect for recovery. The chapters within will be of interest to clinical neurologists, neuropsychologists, and researchers in all facets and levels of the neuroscience of alcohol and alcoholism. - The first focused reference specifically on alcohol and the brain - Details our current understanding of how alcohol impacts the central nervous system - Covers clinical and social impact of alcohol abuse disorders and the biomedical consequences of alcohol abuse - Includes section on neuroimaging of neurochemical markers and brain function
Download or read book Cumulated Index Medicus written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1094 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Social Causes of Psychological Distress by : Catherine E. Ross
Download or read book Social Causes of Psychological Distress written by Catherine E. Ross and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A core interest of social science is the study of stratification--inequalities in income, power, and prestige. Few persons would care about such inequalities if the poor, powerless, and despised were as happy and fulfilled as the wealthy, powerful, and admired. Social research often springs from humanistic empathy and concern as much as from scholarly and scientific curiosity. An economist might observe that black Americans are disproportionately poor, and investigate racial differences in education, employment, and occupation that account for disproportionate poverty. A table comparing additional income blacks and whites can expect for each additional year of education is thus as interesting in its own right as any dinosaur bone or photo of Saturn. However, something more than curiosity underscores our interest in the table. Racial differences in status and income are a problem in the human sense. Inequality in misery makes social and economic inequality personally meaningful. There are two ways social scientists avoid advocacy in addressing issues of social stratification. The first way is to resist projecting personal beliefs, values, and responses as much as possible, while recognizing that the attempt is never fully successful. The second way is by giving the values of the subjects an expression in the research design. Typically, this takes the form of opinion or attitude surveys. Researchers ask respondents to rate the seriousness of crimes, the appropriateness of a punishment for a crime, the prestige of occupations, the fair pay for a job, or the largest amount of money a family can earn and not be poor, and so on. The aggregate judgments, and variations in judgments, represent the values of the subjects and not those of the researcher. They are objective facts with causes and consequences of interest in their own right. This work is an effort to move methodology closer to human concerns without sacrificing the scientific grounds of research as such. The
Book Synopsis Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research by :
Download or read book Biomedical Index to PHS-supported Research written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Developments and Social Problems by : Herbert M. Lefcourt
Download or read book Developments and Social Problems written by Herbert M. Lefcourt and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-09-24 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research with the Locus of Control Construct, Volume 2: Developments and Social Problems seeks to contribute towards explaining the nomological network in which the locus of control construct is embedded. In studying the antecedents, concomitants, and far-reaching ramifications of the construct we can come to see its meaning more clearly. The book is organized into three parts. Part I pertains to one realm of locus of control research that is of signal interest to psychologists concerned with personality research and theory. If locus of control is an important predictor of behavior, then we should know something about its origins and the role it plays at different stages of the life span. The chapters in the first part aid in the development of such a life-span approach to locus of control research. Part II focuses on applications to two clinical-social problems: marital instability and alcoholism. Part III explores the use of locus of control as a moderator variable. Here, the response to particular situational constraints or milieu characteristics is evaluated vis-à-vis status on locus of control variables. In this way it becomes possible to speak of the specific effects of therapy or educational procedures upon persons who vary in personality characteristics such as locus of control, in much the way that the advocates of interactionism have always advised.
Book Synopsis Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience by : Jerry J. Buccafusco
Download or read book Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience written by Jerry J. Buccafusco and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2000-08-29 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using the most well-studied behavioral analyses of animal subjects to promote a better understanding of the effects of disease and the effects of new therapeutic treatments on human cognition, Methods of Behavior Analysis in Neuroscience provides a reference manual for molecular and cellular research scientists in both academia and the pharmaceutic
