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Effects Of Fertilization On The Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura And The Effects Of Soybean Aphids And Fertilization On Soybean Plants
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Book Synopsis Effects of Fertilization on the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura and the Effects of Soybean Aphids and Fertilization on Soybean Plants by : Abigail Jan Walter
Download or read book Effects of Fertilization on the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura and the Effects of Soybean Aphids and Fertilization on Soybean Plants written by Abigail Jan Walter and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Impact of Natural Enemies on the Density and Within-plant Distribution of Soybean Aphid (Aphis Glycines Matsumura) at the Western Extent of Its Range by : Tierney R. Brosius
Download or read book The Impact of Natural Enemies on the Density and Within-plant Distribution of Soybean Aphid (Aphis Glycines Matsumura) at the Western Extent of Its Range written by Tierney R. Brosius and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Homoptera, Aphididae) in South Dakota by : Eric Andrew Beckendorf
Download or read book Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Homoptera, Aphididae) in South Dakota written by Eric Andrew Beckendorf and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Evidence for Compensatory Photosynthetic and Yield Response of Soybeans to Aphid Herbivory by :
Download or read book Evidence for Compensatory Photosynthetic and Yield Response of Soybeans to Aphid Herbivory written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, an exotic species in North America that has been detected in 21 U.S. states and Canada, is a major pest for soybean that can reduce maximum photosynthetic capacity and yields. Our existing knowledge is based on relatively few studies that do not span a wide variety of environmental conditions, and often focus on relatively high and damaging population pressure. We examined the effects of varied populations and duration of soybean aphids on soybean photosynthetic rates and yield in two experiments. In a 2011 field study, we found that plants with low cumulative aphid days (CAD, less than 2,300) had higher yields than plants not experiencing significant aphid pressure, suggesting a compensatory growth response to low aphid pressure. This response did not hold at higher CAD, and yields declined. In a 2013 controlled-environment greenhouse study, soybean plants were well-watered and fertilized with nitrogen (N), and aphid populations were manipulated to reach moderate to high levels (8,000-50,000 CAD). Plants tolerated these population levels when aphids were introduced during the vegetative or reproductive phenological stages of the plant, showing no significant reduction in yield. Leaf N concentration and CAD were positively and significantly correlated with increasing ambient photosynthetic rates. Our findings suggest that, given the right environmental conditions, modern soybean plants can withstand higher aphid pressure than previously assumed. Moreover, soybean plants also responded positively through a compensatory photosynthetic effect to moderate population pressure, contributing to stable or increased yield.
Book Synopsis Management of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera by : Kevin Dennis Johnson
Download or read book Management of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera written by Kevin Dennis Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In North America, the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a pest of soybeans, Glycine max (L.) Merrill. The main goal of this research was to verify the preliminary economic threshold for A. glycines management in Iowa. Secondary goals included; verifying an alternative sampling techniques for estimating A. glycines populations, evaluating the effect of planting date on A. glycines population growth, and investigating the potential of managing both C. trifurcata and A. glycines with a single insecticide program. In 2004-2005, replicated experiments were established at three locations. Results from both years indicate that there is no detectable effect on soybean yield from an insecticide (lambda-cyhalothrin) application made below the current 250 A. glycines per plant economic threshold. Insecticide applications made at 250 A. glycines per plant protected yields when A. glycines populations continued to increase in the control treatment. The insecticide treatment triggered by a binomial sequential sampling (speed scouting) technique resulted in soybean exposure to A. glycines and soybean yield equal to the insecticide treatment applied using an enumerative sampling technique. Insecticide applications triggered by either enumerative sampling or speed scouting resulted in higher yields compared to control treatment when A. glycines populations reached 250 A. glycines per plant. A delay in soybean planting did not result in differences in soybean exposure to A. glycines. However, in both 2004 and 2005 yields in the late planting dates were not protected by insecticide applications. In 2005, foliar insecticides applied based on threshold of 250 A. glycines per plant reduced aphid exposure and protected yield better than preventative insecticide applications (seed treatments). Emphasizing the importance of insecticide timing when managing A. glycines, a foliar formulation of imidacloprid, was applied at threshold of 250 A. glycines per plant reduced A. glycines exposure and had greater yield protection than when imidacloprid was applied as a seed treatment. Experimental evidence from this research supports the current recommendations for soybean aphid management in Iowa (weekly scouting and a foliar insecticide applied when mean populations reach 250 A. glycines per plant on at least 38 plants and are increasing).
Book Synopsis The Indirect and Direct Effects of Temperature and Host Plant Resistance on Population Growth of Soybean Aphid (Aphis Glycines) Biotype 1 by : Ashley Rose Hough
Download or read book The Indirect and Direct Effects of Temperature and Host Plant Resistance on Population Growth of Soybean Aphid (Aphis Glycines) Biotype 1 written by Ashley Rose Hough and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Temperature has an important indirect impact on pest populations. Direct effects occur, but also may result from temperature-induced changes in plant quality, including the expression of host plant resistance traits. Therefore, I examined both indirect and direct effects of temperature on biotype 1 soybean aphids (SBA), Aphis glycines, on a Rag1-resistant soybean variety and compared the effects with a susceptible variety to gain a better understanding of how temperature impacts SBA. Four aphid responses were evaluated: preimaginal development, survival to adulthood, number of progeny produced, and adult longevity. In the first experiment, I grew soybean seedlings to the V-0 stage at 25°C and then conditioned them for 0, 3 or 5 days at 20° or 30°C before infesting with a single first instar SBA at each of the two experimental temperatures. Based on previous literature for SBA, I hypothesized that conditioning plants at the lower temperature would cause resistance to break down and that longer exposure would exacerbate the effect. Results showed that conditioning soybeans to 20°C significantly reduced SBA survival, and the effect on survival increased with longer conditioning. Conditioning plants to 30°C had no significant effect on SBA survival. However, estimated population growth decreased as conditioning time increased at 30°C and this effect was also observed at 20°C. Thus, plant resistance may have increased at both temperatures. The second experiment compared SBA responses, including population growth, at four temperatures (15, 20, 25, and 300C) on a Rag1-resistant and susceptible soybean variety. I predicted that SBA fitness would be lower at all temperatures on resistant soybeans, but the magnitude of differences between cultivars would not be uniform across temperatures. Results indicated that both temperature (highest and lowest) and plant resistance detrimentally affected SBA fitness. There was also a significant interaction between the two variables with respect to SBA survival. Survival was lower and development rates were slower on the resistant cultivar. SBA required more degree-days to develop on resistant soybeans compared to the susceptible cultivar. This information will aid soybean producers in implementing a cost-efficient IPM strategy involving Rag1 resistant soybeans to combat SBA under a range of temperatures.
Book Synopsis Effects of Neonicotinoid Seed Treatments on Soybean Aphid Feeding Behavior and Gene Expression in Soybean by : Mitchell Dennis Stamm
Download or read book Effects of Neonicotinoid Seed Treatments on Soybean Aphid Feeding Behavior and Gene Expression in Soybean written by Mitchell Dennis Stamm and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This research examined 1) the effects of a thiamethoxam seed treatment on soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, feeding behavior using electronic penetration graphs, 2) neonicotinoid translocation within specific soybean tissues and 3) the physiological effects of a thiamethoxam seed treatment on soybean using transcriptional profiling. Soybean aphid stylet penetration behavior was not strongly affected by the thiamethoxam seed treatment during the initial 9 h feeding interval. However, after 9 h of exposure to thiamethoxam seed treatment aphids exhibited significant differences in feeding behavior compared to those feeding on untreated soybeans. Aphids on thiamethoxam-treated soybeans spent significantly less time feeding in the sieve element phase and exhibited a greater duration of non-probing events. These studies suggest soybean aphids may have difficulty ingesting phloem sap, which may be another important element in seed treatment protection. Translocation studies investigated the uptake (total equivalents) of three seed-applied insecticides. The effect of moisture stress on insecticide uptake and translocation in VC, V1 and V2 stage soybeans was also examined. All insecticides displayed systemic and acropetal movement to the distal parts of the leaves with the majority of the insecticides remaining in the cotyledons. Moisture stress did not affect the total amount of imidacloprid and flupyradifurone in V1 and V2 soybeans. However, less clothianidin was recovered from V2 soybeans when plants were moisture stressed. Interestingly, flupyradifurone had significantly higher equivalents in the trifoliates than neonicotinoids under no stress and moisture stress conditions. Next-generation sequencing examined the effects of a thiamethoxam seed treatment on gene expression in soybean. The interactive effects of seed treatment and moisture stress of 10 genes associated with plant defense pathways in soybean were also examined. Few genes were affected by the thiamethoxam seed treatment. However, large-scale changes in gene expression were present in thiamethoxam-treated and untreated soybeans across vegetative stages some of which may affect plant growth. Subsequently, genes associated with phytohormones in moisture-stressed soybeans were responsive to a thiamethoxam seed treatment.
Book Synopsis Population Dynamics and Sampling of the Soybean Aphid by : Erin Whitnee Hodgson
Download or read book Population Dynamics and Sampling of the Soybean Aphid written by Erin Whitnee Hodgson and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Abiotic and Biotic Factors Affecting the Distribution and Abundance of Soybean Aphid in Central North America by : Christine Anne Bahlai
Download or read book Abiotic and Biotic Factors Affecting the Distribution and Abundance of Soybean Aphid in Central North America written by Christine Anne Bahlai and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Biological Control of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Homoptera: Aphididae) by : Tyler Bryce Fox
Download or read book Biological Control of the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Homoptera: Aphididae) written by Tyler Bryce Fox and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Non-target Effects of Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycinces Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Management in Iowa by : Wayne J. Ohnesorg
Download or read book Non-target Effects of Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycinces Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), Management in Iowa written by Wayne J. Ohnesorg and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Homoptera: Aphididae) by : Derek Stevan Crompton
Download or read book Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Homoptera: Aphididae) written by Derek Stevan Crompton and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Wing Induction in the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Mechanisms and Trade-offs by : Ríos Martínez
Download or read book Wing Induction in the Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae): Mechanisms and Trade-offs written by Ríos Martínez and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alate morphs can benefit aphid populations by facilitating dispersal from deteriorating food sources and by escaping from natural enemies. Wing development, however, imposes constraints on fecundity. The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an important economic pest in the U.S. and Canada. I conducted a series of laboratory and field experiments to determine the environmental factors inducing wing development in this species, and to determine the effects of asexual alate individual production on an A. glycines population under predation. My results reveal that wing induction in A. glycines occurs in response to interactions between crowding and decreased plant quality cues, and that alate aphid production benefits an aphid population under predation by increasing prevalence at a temporary cost to fecundity. My results contribute to the growing knowledge on the production of asexual alate aphids and provide insight into the biology of A. glycines as an agricultural pest.
Book Synopsis Effects of Soybean Aphid Resistance on the Lady Beetle Harmonia Axyridis Mediated by the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines by : Anne Christine Thurn
Download or read book Effects of Soybean Aphid Resistance on the Lady Beetle Harmonia Axyridis Mediated by the Soybean Aphid Aphis Glycines written by Anne Christine Thurn and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Impact of Irrigation and Planting Date on Soybean Aphid (Aphis Glycines) Population Dynamics and Soybean Yield by : Sheri Ellen Svehla
Download or read book The Impact of Irrigation and Planting Date on Soybean Aphid (Aphis Glycines) Population Dynamics and Soybean Yield written by Sheri Ellen Svehla and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Host Plant Resistance and Insecticide Resistance Studies for Soybean Aphid Sphis Glycines Matsumura by : Desmi Indumali Chandrasena
Download or read book Host Plant Resistance and Insecticide Resistance Studies for Soybean Aphid Sphis Glycines Matsumura written by Desmi Indumali Chandrasena and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effects of Soybean Rust Fungicides on Fungal Entomopathogens of Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura by : Karrie Anne Koch
Download or read book Effects of Soybean Rust Fungicides on Fungal Entomopathogens of Soybean Aphid, Aphis Glycines Matsumura written by Karrie Anne Koch and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
