Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia

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ISBN 13 : 9781410223654
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (236 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia by : Of Military Center of Military History

Download or read book Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia written by Of Military Center of Military History and published by . This book was released on 2005-01-01 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this study is to describe the climatic conditions encountered by the German armed forces during four years of struggle in European Russia. To this end the climate of the various regions is described together with its effects on men and equipment, combat and supply. Parts Two, Three, and Four are concerned with European Russia south of the Arctic Circle; Part Five treats of European Russia north of the Arctic Circle. The study emphasizes the lessons learned and improvisations employed to surmount difficult situations. A Western European army fighting in Russia is faced with conditions entirely different from those to which it is accustomed, conditions rooted in the peculiarities of Russia and its people. The most unusual characteristic of the country is the climate, which affects terrain and vegetation and determines living conditions in general. The climate leaves its mark upon the Russian and his land, and he who steps for the first time on Russian soil is immediately conscious of the new, the strange, the primitive. The German soldier who crossed into Russian territory felt that he entered a different world, where he was opposed not only by the forces of the enemy but also by the forces of nature. Nature is the ally of the Russian Army, and the struggle against this alliance was a severe test for the Wehrmacht, exacting great sacrifices. To conquer the raging elements of nature was the more difficult because their fury and effect were not fully recognized by the Germans, who were neither trained nor equipped to withstand them. The German command had been under the impression that the Red Army could be destroyed west of the Dnieper, and that there would be no need forconducting operations in cold, snow, and mud. This study was prepared by a committee of former German generals and general staff officers under the supervision of the Historical Division, EUCOM. The material, based on the personal experiences of the principal author and his associates, was written largely from memory, with some assistance from diaries, earlier studies, and documents. All the German officers involved had extensive experience on the Eastern Front during the period 1941-45. The principal author, for example, commanded in succession a panzer division, a panzer army, and an army group.

Fighting the Russians in Winter: Three Case Studies

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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1428915982
Total Pages : 56 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Fighting the Russians in Winter: Three Case Studies by : A. F. Chew

Download or read book Fighting the Russians in Winter: Three Case Studies written by A. F. Chew and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1981 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia by :

Download or read book Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia by :

Download or read book Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 81 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia by :

Download or read book Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia written by and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780849066184
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (661 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia by : Gordon Press Publishers

Download or read book Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia written by Gordon Press Publishers and published by . This book was released on 1995-03 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Life of Permafrost

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Publisher : University of Toronto Press
ISBN 13 : 1487501935
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Life of Permafrost by : Pey-Yi Chu

Download or read book Life of Permafrost written by Pey-Yi Chu and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By tracing the English word permafrost back to its Russian roots, this unique intellectual history uncovers the multiple, contested meanings of permafrost as a scientific idea and environmental phenomenon.

Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia

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Publisher : CreateSpace
ISBN 13 : 9781505855432
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (554 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia by : Center of Center of Military History United States Army

Download or read book Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia written by Center of Center of Military History United States Army and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-12-31 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climatic conditions of European Russia varied from bitterly cold, long winters to dry, hot summers, interrupted by wet, rainy springs and falls that virtually halted all ground movement. The German Army was ill prepared or ill equipped for Russian winters and paid a huge price for its negligence.

Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 100 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia by :

Download or read book Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia written by and published by . This book was released on 1952 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Russian Way of War

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Publisher : Mentor Military
ISBN 13 : 9781940370194
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis The Russian Way of War by : Lester W. Grau

Download or read book The Russian Way of War written by Lester W. Grau and published by Mentor Military. This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Force Structure, Tactics, and Modernization of the Russian Ground Forces The mighty Soviet Army is no more. The feckless Russian Army that stumbled into Chechnya is no more. Today's Russian Army is modern, better manned, better equipped and designed for maneuver combat under nuclear-threatened conditions. This is your source for the tactics, equipment, force structure and theoretical underpinnings of a major Eurasian power. Here's what the experts are saying: "A superb baseline study for understanding how and why the modern Russian Army functions as it does. Essential for specialist and generalist alike." -Colonel (Ret) David M. Glantz, foremost Western author on the Soviet Union in World War II and Editor of The Journal of Slavic Military Studies. "Congratulations to Les Grau and Chuck Bartles on filling a gap which has yawned steadily wider since the end of the USSR. Their book addresses evolving Russian views on war, including the blurring of its nature and levels, and the consequent Russian approaches to the Ground Forces' force structuring, manning, equipping, and tactics. Confidence is conferred on the validity of their arguments and conclusions by copious footnoting, mostly from an impressive array of primary sources. It is this firm grounding in Russian military writings, coupled with the authors' understanding of war and the Russian way of thinking about it, that imparts such an authoritative tone to this impressive work." -Charles Dick, former Director of the Combat Studies Research Centre, Senior Fellow at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom, author of the 1991 British Army Field Manual, Volume 2, A Treatise on Soviet Operational Art and author of From Victory to Stalemate The Western Front, Summer 1944 and From Defeat to Victory, The Eastern Front, Summer 1944. "Dr. Lester Grau's and Chuck Bartles' professional research on the Russian Armed Forces is widely read throughout the world and especially in Russia. Russia's Armed Forces have changed much since the large-scale reforms of 2008, which brought the Russian Army to the level of the world's other leading armies. The speed of reform combined with limited information about their core mechanisms represented a difficult challenge to the authors. They have done a great job and created a book which could be called an encyclopedia of the modern armed forces of Russia. They used their wisdom and talents to explore vital elements of the Russian military machine: the system of recruitment and training, structure of units of different levels, methods and tactics in defense and offence and even such little-known fields as the Arctic forces and the latest Russian combat robotics." -Dr. Vadim Kozyulin, Professor of Military Science and Project Director, Project on Asian Security, Emerging Technologies and Global Security Project PIR Center, Moscow. "Probably the best book on the Russian Armed Forces published in North America during the past ten years. A must read for all analysts and professionals following Russian affairs. A reliable account of the strong and weak aspects of the Russian Army. Provides the first look on what the Russian Ministry of Defense learned from best Western practices and then applied them on Russian soil." -Ruslan Pukhov, Director of the Moscow-based Centre for the Analysis of Strategies and Technologies (CAST) and member of the Public Council of the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense. Author of Brothers Armed: Military Aspects of the Crisis in Ukraine, Russia's New Army, and The Tanks of August.

Fighting in Hell

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Publisher : Casemate Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1783469552
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (834 download)

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Book Synopsis Fighting in Hell by : Peter Tsouras

Download or read book Fighting in Hell written by Peter Tsouras and published by Casemate Publishers. This book was released on 2012-02-20 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detailed reports by German commanders: “Powerful testimony to the Germans’ lack of preparation for the harsh climatic conditions of the Russian winter.” —Military Machines International When their troops invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, the initial success convinced the German high command that the Red Army could be destroyed west of the Dnepr River and that there would be no need for conducting operations in cold, snow, and mud. They were wrong. In fact, the German war in Russia was so brutal in its extremes that all past experience paled beside it. Everything in Russia—the land, the climate, the distances, and above all the people—were harder, harsher, more unforgiving, and deadlier than anything the German soldier had ever faced before. One panzer-grenadier who fought in the West and in Russia summed it up: In the West war was the same honorable old game; nobody went out of his way to be vicious, and fighting stopped often by five in the afternoon. But in the East, the Russians were trying to kill you—all the time. The four detailed reports of campaigning in Russia included in this invaluable book (Russian Combat Methods in WWII, Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia, Combat in Russian Forests and Swamps and Warfare in the Far North) were written in the late 1940s and early 1950s as part of the US Army program to record the German strategies and tactics of World War II directly from the commanders. The authors were all veterans of the fighting they described, and frankly admitted that the soldiers sent to Russia were neither trained nor equipped to withstand the full fury of the elements. Fighting in Hell shows what happened on the ground, through firsthand accounts of the commanders who were there.

Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia

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ISBN 13 : 9780160019470
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia by : United States Government Printing Office

Download or read book Effects of Climate on Combat in European Russia written by United States Government Printing Office and published by . This book was released on 1986-10-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Regional Impacts of Climate Change

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521634557
Total Pages : 532 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis The Regional Impacts of Climate Change by : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II.

Download or read book The Regional Impacts of Climate Change written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group II. and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cambridge, UK : Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Fighting the Russians in Winter

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 64 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Fighting the Russians in Winter by : Allen F. Chew

Download or read book Fighting the Russians in Winter written by Allen F. Chew and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper contains three case studies about winter warfare drawn from twentieth century experience. It provides several valuable perspectives about this well known, but sometimes little understood subject. Our attention is directed to the distinctive aspects of warfare in subarctic climes, the characteristics of this harsh environment and the climatic impact upon a broad range of military operations. These case studies also provide examples of how several armies adapted-or failed to adapt-to the demands of winter warfare. Finally, they demonstrate that even military forces indigenous to subarctic regions, with experienced soldiers, can have difficulty in conducting winter operations.

Failures of Meteorology! Unable to Prevent Climate Change and World Wars?

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Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 3844812849
Total Pages : 234 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (448 download)

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Book Synopsis Failures of Meteorology! Unable to Prevent Climate Change and World Wars? by : Arnd Bernaerts

Download or read book Failures of Meteorology! Unable to Prevent Climate Change and World Wars? written by Arnd Bernaerts and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Second World War stands for the criminal madness of German Nazi government. Less known is their responsibility for the only climatic shift from warm to cold in an otherwise constantly warming world over the last 150 years. Not knowing the reason for the biggest climatic shift since industrialization, which started in winter 1939/40, rectifies to speak about failures of meteorology. Only four months into Second World War Northern Europe experienced the coldest winter in 100 years. The reason: plain physics! Naval war in Northern European seas released the summer heat too quickly. Polar air got free access to Europe. The same applies to the second and third war winter. Europe was back in the Little Ice Age. After Japan attacked Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7th, 1941 naval war became a global affair. In close conformity with naval war in European seas, and subsequently in the Pacific, a pronounced global cooling took place, which lasted until about the mid 1970s. Furthermore, a thorough research of strong warming in the Northern Hemisphere from winter 1918/19 to winter 1939/40 would have revealed a convincing link to naval war in Europe from 1914 to 1918. But climatology does not care! The connection between two naval wars and two climatic changes within 25 years has not yet been investigated and explained. If they had warned governments about the threat of climate change, as their successors currently do with the "greenhouse effect", naval activities in two World Wars may have been prevented, or at least been limited. Claims to understand climate should be regarded as a failure as long as meteorology is unable to explain the two most pronounced climatic shifts during the last century and the role two world wars had in this game. These two events would show that the oceans have a dominate role in the climate system, and man is able to change its direction by intensive activities in the marine environment. It took four months to generate the extreme regional winter 19

Publications of the U.S. Army Center of Military History

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 68 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Publications of the U.S. Army Center of Military History by : Center of Military History

Download or read book Publications of the U.S. Army Center of Military History written by Center of Military History and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Military geography for professionals and the public

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Publisher : DIANE Publishing
ISBN 13 : 142898125X
Total Pages : 446 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (289 download)

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Book Synopsis Military geography for professionals and the public by :

Download or read book Military geography for professionals and the public written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Military geography, one of several subsets within those broad confines, concentrates on the influence of physical and cultural environments over political-military policies, plans, programs, and combat/support operations of all types in global, regional, and local contexts. Key factors displayed in table 1 directly (sometimes decisively) affect the full range of military activities: strategies, tactics, and doctrines; command, control, and organizational structures; the optimum mix of land, sea, air, and space forces; intelligence collection; targeting; research and development; the procurement and allocation of weapons, equipment, and clothing; plus supply, maintenance, construction, medical support, education, and training.