Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Effect Of Sulfate Content To Corrosion Rate Of Pipeline Steel Exposed To Soil Condition
Download Effect Of Sulfate Content To Corrosion Rate Of Pipeline Steel Exposed To Soil Condition full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Effect Of Sulfate Content To Corrosion Rate Of Pipeline Steel Exposed To Soil Condition ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Effect of Sulfate Content to Corrosion Rate of Pipeline Steel Exposed to Soil Condition by : Siti Nor Fariza Mior Mohd. Tahir
Download or read book Effect of Sulfate Content to Corrosion Rate of Pipeline Steel Exposed to Soil Condition written by Siti Nor Fariza Mior Mohd. Tahir and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Chloride Content to Corrosion Rate of Pipeline Steel Exposed to Soil Condition by : Zalilah Ayop
Download or read book Effect of Chloride Content to Corrosion Rate of Pipeline Steel Exposed to Soil Condition written by Zalilah Ayop and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of PH Value to Corrosion Rate of Pipeline Steel Expose to Soil Condition by : Farah Farhana Sulaiman
Download or read book Effect of PH Value to Corrosion Rate of Pipeline Steel Expose to Soil Condition written by Farah Farhana Sulaiman and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study on Effects of Soil Properties Towards Corrosion of Carbon Steel Pipeline by : Wan Muhammad Azamuddin Wan Azmi
Download or read book Study on Effects of Soil Properties Towards Corrosion of Carbon Steel Pipeline written by Wan Muhammad Azamuddin Wan Azmi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion is one of the most terrifying incidents that engineers does not want on the pipeline, especially when involving billion of dollars losses. Many industries depended on the pipeline for transporting their raw material or products from the places of source to the place of treatment and finally to the consumers. Among the industries that widely used the function of pipeline were oil and gas industries, water treatment and also crude oil industries. Therefore, as the most important part in transportation role, pipeline need to be ensured always in great condition and anything that could cause damages to these railways must be control immediately before unwanted accident happens. Currently, there were report that said pipeline damages was very dangerous to the environment whether to the human being or to the nature. There were some human fatality and body damages of the environment that caused billion of dollars losses. Due to all consequences that would occur in the future as the punishment for the lack of information on the conservation of pipelines, the research based on this problem will be done to find out the cause of buried pipelines damages due to the soil. The research will focus on the soil properties and its effects towards the corrosion of carbon steel pipeline. The parameters that will be the variables in this research are clay content, moisture content, pH value and also particles size of soil. Relationship between these parameters with the corrosion rate will be investigated properly. The pipelines samples will be taken from actual segment and will be buried in different condition of soil based on previous parameters. About 180 samples plates will be buried for at least 5 months to get the real corrosion rate for different type of soil condition. Once a month the retrieval procedure will be done to check the rate of corrosion and also to ensure the soil properties remain stables as been set up. After all the samples had been retrieve from its medium of different soil conditions, the data will be interpreted in form of tables and graph to shows different parameters will get different results. The result from linear regression analysis and also using excel analysis had shown that the pH parameter were could accept the hypothesis of pH condition were the major influence in corrosion rate phenomenon while others had rejected the hypothesis to become the major influence. The ANOVA analysis also shown the correlation coefficient of all the parameters were high but only the pH condition were satisfy the significance value with lower than 0.05. The pH condition, moisture and clay parameter could be study further while the particles size particles does not suitable for further study.
Book Synopsis Pipeline Coatings by : Y. Frank Cheng
Download or read book Pipeline Coatings written by Y. Frank Cheng and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-20 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Starts with a history of generic pipeline coating types and technical information about use. Practical information about selection and evaluation for each type of coating system is provided. Discussion of how coatings work with cathodic protection, CP shielding by coatings and other related issues with the various coating systems related to CP.
Book Synopsis Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook by : R. Winston Revie
Download or read book Uhlig's Corrosion Handbook written by R. Winston Revie and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-12 with total page 1299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book serves as a reference for engineers, scientists, and students concerned with the use of materials in applications where reliability and resistance to corrosion are important. It updates the coverage of its predecessor, including coverage of: corrosion rates of steel in major river systems and atmospheric corrosion rates, the corrosion behavior of materials such as weathering steels and newer stainless alloys, and the corrosion behavior and engineering approaches to corrosion control for nonmetallic materials. New chapters include: high-temperature oxidation of metals and alloys, nanomaterials, and dental materials, anodic protection. Also featured are chapters dealing with standards for corrosion testing, microbiological corrosion, and electrochemical noise.
Book Synopsis Corrosion Characteristics of ASTM A106 Grade B Carbon Steel Pipelines Exposed to Sodium Sulfate Solutions by : R. Abdel-Karim
Download or read book Corrosion Characteristics of ASTM A106 Grade B Carbon Steel Pipelines Exposed to Sodium Sulfate Solutions written by R. Abdel-Karim and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbon steel is used in large-tonnage petroleum production and refining. In this work, the corrosion behavior of ASTM A106 Grade B carbon steel subjected to sodium sulfate (Na2SO4) environments was studied in a range of sulfate concentrations and different working temperatures. Increasing the sulfate ion content had an inhibiting effect on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel. The highest corrosion rate was detected for electrolytes containing 0.5 M Na2SO4. The influence of temperature was significant on the oxide layer density and stability, while there was the appearance of thick cracked layer as the temperature and the sulfate concentration increased.
Book Synopsis Corrosion Control for Buried Water Mains by :
Download or read book Corrosion Control for Buried Water Mains written by and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2011-01-12 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Study on the Corrosion of Carbon Steel Pipe Upon Different Type of Soils by : Cheng Liang Heng
Download or read book Study on the Corrosion of Carbon Steel Pipe Upon Different Type of Soils written by Cheng Liang Heng and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 57 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pipelines are one of the economical ways to transport large quantities of fluids such as natural gas, oil and others. However pipelines for transportation need to consider factors such as strength of material, cost, corrosion caused by carrier fluid and soil properties on corrosion. It is essential to have knowledge about the soils which may cause corrosion to the pipelines. Analysis on the soils are done for investigate the physical properties such as structure or texture and permeability of soils and also the chemical properties for example soil pH and conductivity. Structure of soil is studied by using sedimentation separation method to distinguish weight percent of clay, sand and silt. Permeability of soil is determined by constant head and falling head permeability test. Soil chemical properties are determined by pH meter and conductivity meter. Corrosion rate can be determined by weight-loss method that determined the metal loss during corrosion. Moisture content of soils is determined by weighting initial and final weight after drying in oven. One-way ANOVA test of the corrosion data with factor which type of soil showed that the model developed is limited to certain type soil. Result analysis will be done by linear and non-linear correlation regressions such as Weibull and exponential growth and decay to study the relationships of corrosion rate with time. Result of comparison of three curve fitting method showed that clay and silty clay loams is moderately fitted with exponential fit, while sand and silt is largely deviated from all three curve fit method. Trend analysis result of soil type clay and silty clay loam only can be used to model the correlation dynamic for corrosion control with reasonable accuracy. Corrosion model developed from averaged observed data yield unsatisfied fit of model to observed data. However, by further eliminate extreme observed data for each month for each type of soils the adjusted exponential model for all type of soil yield high R2 value.
Book Synopsis Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion by : Reza Javaherdashti
Download or read book Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion written by Reza Javaherdashti and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-29 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Significantly extended from the first edition, this book presents the basics of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) in an accessible and concise manner. It explores strategies for recognizing, understanding, mitigating and preventing this type of corrosion, and investigates this topic from the point of view of an engineer. Chapters cover issues including stress corrosion cracking and microbial corrosion, the pros and cons of biocides, the involvement of magnetic bacteria in microbial corrosion, and cathodic protection based on recent research in microbial environments. The 2nd Edition provides new material examining the following topics: *The corrosion-related bacteria clostridia *Mathematical modelling of MIC, in particular fuzzy logic *A comparison of culture-independent methods with culture-dependent methods *Further practical strategies for dealing with MIC *Natural biocidesThis book has provided course material for the author’s microbial corrosion workshops around the world, and it presents an invaluable resource to corrosion and integrity professionals working in a wide range of industries including power generation, oil and gas, marine, and mining. It is also intended for students and academics of corrosion engineering, materials science, microbiology, chemical engineering and welding.
Book Synopsis Underground Corrosion by : Melvin Romanoff
Download or read book Underground Corrosion written by Melvin Romanoff and published by N A C E International. This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Pipeline Risk Management Manual by : W. Kent Muhlbauer
Download or read book Pipeline Risk Management Manual written by W. Kent Muhlbauer and published by Gulf Professional Publishing. This book was released on 2004 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here's the ideal tool if you're looking for a flexible, straightforward analysis system for your everyday design and operations decisions. This new third edition includes sections on stations, geographical information systems, "absolute" versus "relative" risks, and the latest regulatory developments. From design to day-to-day operations and maintenance, this unique volume covers every facet of pipeline risk management, arguably the most important, definitely the most hotly debated, aspect of pipelining today. Now expanded and updated, this widely accepted standard reference guides you in managing the risks involved in pipeline operations. You'll also find ways to create a resource allocation model by linking risk with cost and customize the risk assessment technique to your specific requirements. The clear step-by-step instructions and more than 50 examples make it easy. This edition has been expanded to include offshore pipelines and distribution system pipelines as well as cross-country liquid and gas transmission pipelines. The only comprehensive manual for pipeline risk management Updated material on stations, geographical information systems, "absolute" versus "relative" risks, and the latest regulatory developments Set the standards for global pipeline risk management
Book Synopsis Manual of Biocorrosion by : HectorA. Videla
Download or read book Manual of Biocorrosion written by HectorA. Videla and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-27 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Manual of Biocorrosion explains the microbiology, electrochemistry, and surface phenomena involved in biocorrosion and biofouling processes. Written primarily for non-specialists, the information in this manual is practical and offers a comprehensive look at the three components of biocorrosion: the microorganisms, the metal, and the aqueous environment. It also addresses methods for the monitoring, prevention, and control of biocorrosion. The first part of the book covers the fundamental aspects of microbiology, electrochemistry, and biofouling of metal surfaces. The second half describes biocorrosion assessment in the laboratory and the field, the main control and mitigation procedures used, practical case studies, and laboratory methods and formulations. The Manual of Biocorrosion is the book the industrial sector (water treatment plants, oil refineries, etc.) has been waiting for, providing the basics for implementing prevention, control, and mitigation procedures. In addition, it covers the latest industry trends with discussions of biocide selection, strategies for treating biocorrosion without harming the environment, and the latest monitoring programs. The academic sector will benefit as well from the up-to-date information on mechanisms and recent advances in all biocorrosion aspects and technology. Research trends such as the application of surface analysis techniques and modern electron microscopy, the use of conventional and innovative electrochemical techniques for assessment, and microbial inhibition of corrosion are all considered. Features 100 illustrations provide you with a visual understanding of the problems and techniques discussed 30 tables give you quick access to data 46 suggested readings provide references on books, conference and workshop proceedings, and special issues of scientific journals and technical publications specifically devoted to biocorrosion and biofouling 454 reference
Book Synopsis Corrosion and Materials in the Oil and Gas Industries by : Reza Javaherdashti
Download or read book Corrosion and Materials in the Oil and Gas Industries written by Reza Javaherdashti and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advancement of methods and technologies in the oil and gas industries calls for new insight into the corrosion problems these industries face daily. With the application of more precise instruments and laboratory techniques as well as the development of new scientific paradigms, corrosion professionals are also witnessing a new era in the way d
Book Synopsis Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipelines by : Y. Frank Cheng
Download or read book Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipelines written by Y. Frank Cheng and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-13 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains why pipeline stress corrosion cracking happens and how it can be prevented Pipelines sit at the heart of the global economy. When they are in good working order, they deliver fuel to meet the ever-growing demand for energy around the world. When they fail due to stress corrosion cracking, they can wreak environmental havoc. This book skillfully explains the fundamental science and engineering of pipeline stress corrosion cracking based on the latest research findings and actual case histories. The author explains how and why pipelines fall prey to stress corrosion cracking and then offers tested and proven strategies for preventing, detecting, and monitoring it in order to prevent pipeline failure. Stress Corrosion Cracking of Pipelines begins with a brief introduction and then explores general principals of stress corrosion cracking, including two detailed case studies of pipeline failure. Next, the author covers: Near-neutral pH stress corrosion cracking of pipelines High pH stress corrosion cracking of pipelines Stress corrosion cracking of pipelines in acidic soil environments Stress corrosion cracking at pipeline welds Stress corrosion cracking of high-strength pipeline steels The final chapter is dedicated to effective management and mitigation of pipeline stress corrosion cracking. Throughout the book, the author develops a number of theoretical models and concepts based on advanced microscopic electrochemical measurements to help readers better understand the occurrence of stress corrosion cracking. By examining all aspects of pipeline stress corrosion cracking—the causes, mechanisms, and management strategies—this book enables engineers to construct better pipelines and then maintain and monitor them to ensure safe, reliable energy supplies for the world.
Book Synopsis An Assessment of the Susceptibility to Corrosion from Alternating Current of Cathodically Protected Steel Pipelines in Soils by : Andrew Moran
Download or read book An Assessment of the Susceptibility to Corrosion from Alternating Current of Cathodically Protected Steel Pipelines in Soils written by Andrew Moran and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, the phenomenon of AC corrosion is investigated through theoretical modeling and experimentation to gain a better understanding of its mechanisms as they relate to cathodically protected steel pipelines. First, a comprehensive synopsis of AC corrosion is given with historical background and the motivations for studying this phenomenon, these being, primarily, the utility of accurate AC corrosion rate predictions to pipeline integrity management. Then, a theoretical model based on Butler-Volmer kinetics and interfacial electrochemical processes is introduced as a mechanistic explanation of AC corrosion. The AC corrosion model can be used to identify the parameters implicated in producing high corrosion rates from alternating currents. The model serves as a guide to narrow the focus of study to certain measurable factors both in laboratory and field experiments. Special emphasis is given to the interfacial capacitance of steel as this parameter is predicted to have a considerable influence on the ratio of faradaic-to-capacitive current.Long-term mass loss tests were conducted as a first means of assessing the impact of AC corrosion. Literature is either sparse or contradictory about the influence of AC on corrosion rates with some researchers reporting negligible effects and others reporting corrosion rates far in excess of acceptable standards, even at low AC densities. In this work, tests in aqueous solution produced modest corrosion rates on cathodically protected samples, only exceeding 1 mpy at AC densities greater than 600 A/m2. At or below the commonly cited thresholds of AC density (30 A/m2 and 100 A/m2, the corrosion rate of cathodically protected steel is only slightly increased compared to a zero-AC condition. However, greatly increased corrosion rates are observed on non-cathodically protected steel, emphasizing the need for proper cathodic protection on pipelines.Field studies were also conducted as a way to validate the observed trends in laboratory experiments. Samples were bonded to test pipelines and subjected to AC and cathodic protection voltages. Corrosion rates tend to be modest for cathodically protected samples with some samples showing corrosion rates greater than expected for their CP level and others showing full protection from increased corrosion. Data suggest that AC-induced corrosion can present a moderate-risk problem on cathodically protected pipelines at AC densities greater than 100 A/m2.Then, study of the interrelated effects of AC and DC on pipeline steel is advanced using a combined modeling and experimentation analysis designed to demonstrate their relationship to each other. Results show that AC can greatly influence DC on a steel electrode, but the effect is dependent on the DC potential in relation to the OCP of the steel. Results can be predicted with modeling of electrochemical kinetics and are backed up by experiment. DC can also influence AC but the effect is not electrochemical but rather due to local chemistry changes in the immediate solution environment. The implications of these effects is discussed as it relates to pipelines and cathodic protection.Finally, the interaction between the interfacial capacitance of steel and its soil environment is explored. Experiments were conducted with a multitude of synthetic soils and with solutions of varying chemistries of which steel would be expected to encounter in pipeline applications. Measurements of interfacial capacitance were conducted on steel electrodes in these environments through the use of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and equivalent circuit modeling. Evidence from these investigations indicates that interfacial capacitance on actively corroding steel derives, in large part, from the conductive magnetite corrosion product film. This porous magnetite imparts a uniquely large capacitance to the steel so that most AC is composed of capacitive current rather than faradaic current which would lead to corrosion. Soil minerals and dissolved ions do not influence this property with the exception of scale-developing cations. However, while deposited mineral scales and passive oxide layers can greatly decrease interfacial capacitance, they are unlikely to increase corrosion rates for AC-influenced steel due to their concomitant protective nature.
Book Synopsis Underground Corrosion by : Edward Escalante
Download or read book Underground Corrosion written by Edward Escalante and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 1981-06 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
